Piston Engine: An Overview of Function, Components, and Operation

This assignment provides a detailed overview of the piston engine, covering its fundamental function and key components. The document explains the role of the cylinder, crankshaft, connecting rod, fuel/air injector, and spark plug, detailing their interactions in converting linear motion to rotational motion. It highlights the importance of the piston and piston rings in the engine's operation, as well as the process of fuel ignition and the resulting energy transfer. The assignment references relevant sources and provides insights into the design and operation of various piston engines, emphasizing the significance of proper piston selection for optimal engine performance. The document is a valuable resource for students studying mechanical engineering, offering a clear and concise explanation of piston engine mechanics and functionality.

AUTOMOBILE
PISTON ENGINE

INTRODUCTION
 Piston engine-Heat engine using one
or more reciprocating pistons in
converting pressure to rotating
motion

 Form mechanisms containing engines
energy
 Located in the cylinder block
 Intake valves allow mixture of air and
fuel injection in the cylinder [1]
 Piston returning to top of cylinder
results in pressure

MODE OF OPERATION
 Gas is ignited when pressure is greatest
by spark plug positioned at top of the
cylinder
 This leads to an explosion
 Energy is transmitted through connecting
rod linked to bottom of piston [2]
 Linear motion is changed to rotational
motion through crankshaft
 Crankshaft is linked to the transmission
thus when crankshaft rotates the wheels
also do

PARTS OF PISTON ENGINE
• Cylinder: Contains
piston system
• Fuel/air injector: Used in
squirting the required
proportion of gasoline
and oxygen gas into
cylinder at intervals [1]
• Spark plug: A device
having an electrode
protruding into cylinder

RELATION BETWEEN
CONNECTING ROD, PISTON
& CRANKSHAFT
Piston & piston rings
Piston is located beneath
the point of injection of
fuel and can move down
and up in cylinder [2]
Crankshaft: Used in transfer of up and down
movement of piston to angular motion usable
by the wheels
Piston ring generates seal
between piston edge and
cylinder edge to ensure no
escape of force from
explosion around piston

CONCLUSION
 Pistons come in numerous various
sizes & materials depending on bore
of cylinder
 Use of proper piston is important for
getting proper fit for engine block

REFERENCES
[1] Kumar, V., Sinha, S.K. and
Agarwal, A.K., 2019. Wear
Evaluation of Engine Piston Rings
Coated With Dual Layer Hard and
Soft Coatings. Journal of
Tribology, 141(3), p.031301
[2] Nayak, K.C. and Date, P.P., 2018.
Manufacturing of light automobile
engine piston head using sheet
metal. Procedia Manufacturing, 15,
pp.940-948