Consumer Insights on Plastic Reduction in the UK Hospitality Industry

This report analyzes the current plastic usage within the UK hospitality industry, focusing on consumer insights regarding plastic reduction. It explores the environmental impact of plastic, the current plastic usage situation, and consumer perspectives on the issue. The report also examines the Marriott Hotel & Resorts as a case study, including their efforts to reduce plastic consumption and their sustainability initiatives. The research methodology involves a literature review using secondary sources, and a quantitative method using a questionnaire to collect primary data from 50 respondents. The findings and analysis of the collected data are presented, leading to conclusions and recommendations for reducing plastic usage and promoting sustainability within the hospitality sector, with a focus on consumer behavior and preferences. The report aims to provide insights into the challenges and opportunities for reducing plastic use and to suggest effective strategies for hospitality businesses to adopt.

Reduction of plastic in hospitality industry in
the UK - consumer insights

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Plastic is most convenient and common materials in the modern society. Use of the
plastic is controversial due to the negative impact on environment, human health and the
biodiversity. This does not biodegrade in environment but this breaks down in small particles
which can impact negatively on human health through releasing the toxins in food chain and
through poisoning the marine life and wildlife. As the awareness of harm of enhance in plastic
goods, organisations are mainly searing for the minimum ways to reduce plastic use. The present
research is related to analyse the current plastic usage situation and consumer insights on
reducing plastic within the hospitality business. In the given research, aim and objectives has
been developed on the basis of subject area. The information has been collected in literature
review by using secondary sources such as books, magazines, articles and journals. There has
been discussion about the current plastic usage situation in hospitality business and harmful
effects of plastic usage for environment. The usage of plastic is harmful for the environment so it
is necessary to reduce it by using the effective ways. The research methodology part has been
conducted for examining the tools and techniques for collection of data. There has been
quantitative method used because it helps in provide the in-depth information and data regarding
specific area. Under this, primary method of data collection has been used by developing a
questionnaire on the basis of specific subject area. In order to fill the questionnaire, there have
been 50 respondents chosen with the help of using random sampling method. At last, conclusion
and recommendations has been made on the basis of whole research.

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................2
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................1
Overview of the research............................................................................................................1
Background of research problem................................................................................................2
Rationale of the research.............................................................................................................3
Research aim...............................................................................................................................3
Research objectives.....................................................................................................................4
Research questions......................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................5
The current plastic usage situation in hospitality business.........................................................5
The consumer insight in context of reducing use of plastic........................................................6
The harmful effects of plastic usage for environment................................................................7
The ways of reducing plastic usage in Marriott Hotel & Resorts...............................................8
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...................................................................................................10
RESULTS......................................................................................................................................15
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS.........................................................................34
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS..........................................................................35
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................35
Recommendations.....................................................................................................................35
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................37

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Overview of the research
Plastic usage is a very common practice which is mostly used by people but it has a
harmful impact on environment. The plastic is more frequently used as carry bags for carrying
various products from market to home. It includes that plastic can be considered as an important
element in regards to various items such as water bottles, combs, beverages containers which is
responsible for creating tonnes of plastic waste at global level. However, it has been analysed
that plastic have different forms which are using by people in which some of them are very
harmful because they are not able to recycle or destroyed in many years (Han and et. al., 2018).
Such type of plastic become a major threat of the atmosphere and develop environmental
imbalance. It involves different kinds of plastic such as high density polythene (HDPE),
polyvinyl chloride (PVC), low density polythene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), Polystyrene or
styrofoam (PS), miscellaneous plastics like polylactide, acrylic, acrylonitrile butadiene, styrene,
fibreglass, nylon & polycarbonate and polythene terephthalate (PETE or PET). In addition to
this, the plastic usage is carried out at large level at global level with generate problematic
situation for atmosphere. Extra use of plastic items and habit of throwing them in water bodies
create dangerous situation for aquatic animals because these plastic products get tangled with
plastic which make their life terrible. Many of hungry land animals eat waste and swallow
plastics items which have an accountability of their death. Tangling situation is mostly observed
in sea creates when they are suffering from problems in surviving which leads to death.
Plastic is required to be reduced by efforts of people and business organisation dealing in
hospitality industry to overcome with situation of pollution developed by excess use of plastic. It
includes major use of plastic by people because it is cheaper product, durable and addresses the
hygienic concerns due to which it is mostly preferred (Mensah, 2019). It is observed that plastic
is used in hospitality businesses because it is favourable to address the expectations immediacy
and convenience of guests. It is helpful in practice of use an throw easily due to which hotels and
restaurants used it to deliver their products for attaining needs and desires of customers.
However, the single use of plastic globally is developing serious cost for atmosphere of Earth
which create problems for human beings as well as other living beings of the planet. Plastic is
commonly used on Hospitality business in UK due to its cheaper cost and hygienic concerns but

it is responsible for destroying beauty of tourist destinations. It is necessary for authorities
associated with tourism sector to focus on this aspect that plastic create the major problem of
cleanliness and damage purity of atmosphere which impact on image of specific tourist place. It
will reduce attractiveness of particular place which decrease customer demand that results in
reduction of profitability. Meanwhile, tourism avoid to visit such places where plastic waste is
lying everywhere in order to avoid health problems. It is required to apply strict legal regulations
to reduce use of plastic because it is a major threat of earth.
Plastic use destroys the natural balance because it impacts negatively on lives of land and
aquatic animals that play an important role to make a balance in entire ecosystem. It becomes a
major issue because some of plastic forms cannot destroy and recycles which develops problem
of pollution. However, the hospitality companies of United Kingdom should apply the anti-
plastic fight and say no to plastic which is helpful for eliminating relevant threats of environment
(Sisson, Grisamore and Jang, 2020). The scale of single use of plastic in hospitality sector is
responsible for developing poison for nature which has a negative impact including waste on
beaches and rivers which can generate injury for people while swimming. It is necessary for
government to provide more effective as well as efficient guidelines of hospitality companies or
reduction of plastic use. Meanwhile, the convenient and comfort level is increased in terms of
products and services provided in hotels to boost up customer satisfaction. It is essential for
hotels operating in country to make their operational activities and delivery of services plastic
free to avoid plastic issues
Background of research problem
In context of this dissertation, it is based on the Marriott Hotels & Resorts which is
known as a brand operating in hotels and resorts. This organisation is based in Bethesda,
Maryland which is considered in best companies working in United Kingdom. It was founded by
J. Williard Marriott in the year around 1957, almost 63 years ago. However, it has number of
branches through the business is operating as it has around 567 hotels and resorts including
201366 rooms approximately (Baicu, Oehler-Sincai and Popescu, 2019). They provide effective
services and products to customer at global level through efforts of their well experienced and
creative employees. Marriott Hotels & Resorts announced about adopt plan for removing the
disposable plastic stirrers and straws from more than 6500 properties across the 30 brands around
world. After executed in one year, Marriott Hotels & Resorts could eliminate use of more than

the 1 million of plastic straws per years and also around quarter billion stirrers. In addition to
this, plastic straw of Marriott is latest change to increase business operations sustainability along
with reduction in plastic consumption. This hotel started to replace the small toiletry bottles in
guest bathrooms of around 450 chosen service hotels with the larger to minimize wastage. The
main initiative developed by Marriott hotel to minimizing the environmental impact. It sets
ambitious sustainability as well as social impact objectives which minimizing the landfill waste
through 45% and also responsibly sourcing top 10 categories of goods throughout 2025. The
sustainability programs are helpful in minimize environmental footprint.
Rationale of the research
Present report is taken into consideration on current plastic usage situation and consumer
insights on reducing plastic within the hospitality business. The plastic has the several valuable
uses and this also served to the environmental consequences. In this present time, around 300
million tonnes of the plastic waste produced every year. The plastic pollution has one of most
pressing environment related issues and enhancing manufacturing of the disposable plastic
goods. It is one of the effective exploration areas that are important in exploring knowledge in
context to particular research area (Barnard, 2015). Through conducting an investigation, learner
will get the information regarding the issues arise from the usage of plastic and the ways to
reducing it. Present research is helpful enhancing the skills and understanding of a learner so that
it cannot face any issue and enhance knowledge base. Another reason of researcher behind
conducting an investigation is personal interest of an investigator. It is effective in developing
professional and personal ability which would effective in considering the better productivity in
future.
Research aim
Research aim expresses intention of research study. This summarise in single sentence
that need to be attain in end of research project. Researcher should be phrased and specific in
such a manner that this is possible to determine what has been attained. It is helpful in generate
the testable and measurable data for accumulation of the people knowledge (Boluk, 2017).
“To analyse the current plastic usage situation and consumer insights on reducing plastic
within the hospitality business. A study on Marriott Hotel & Resorts.”

Research objectives
These explain concisely what an investigation is trying to attain. They summarise
accomplishments an investigator wishes to attain by project and gives right direction to study.
These are particular attainments that an investigators hopes to attain through study. Researcher
should assure that research objectives should be attainable means framed in keeping mind and
infrastructure needed for an investigation (Bruns-Smith and et. al., 2015).
 To examine the current plastic usage situation in hospitality business.
 To evaluate the consumer insight in context of reducing use of plastic.
 To determine the harmful effects of plastic usage for environment.
 To identify the ways of reducing plastic usage in Marriott Hotel & Resorts.
Research questions
 What is the current plastic usage situation in hospitality business?
 How to evaluate the consumer insight in context of reducing use of plastic?
 What are the harmful effects of plastic usage for environment?
 How to identify the ways of reducing plastic usage in Marriott Hotel & Resorts?

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
Literature is explains as collection of the published information on specific subject area
for an instance journals, books, articles, magazines etc. Literature review is search and also
examination of available literature in specific research area. It shows about the readers that they
have in- depth grasp of subject and add to existing agreed knowledge body. This is more than
summary of sources that combine both synthesis and summary (Choi and et. al., 2019). Summary
is recap of essential information of source but synthesis is related to reshuffling information. In
literature review, reviewing act consisting examining the individual sources and also
synthesising sources to gain wider overpower of specific area. In conducting the literature review
part, secondary sources of data collection has been used. In this literature review has been
discussed about the current use of plastic in the hospitality business. Plastic is harmful for the
environment, animals and human and this impact on their health.
The current plastic usage situation in hospitality business
As per views of Dembek (2020), Plastic wastage has become main issue of environment.
This is clogging to ocean, causing great harm deal to planet. In context to tackle issues, main
campaign has been launched and also minimize amount of the plastic wastage both businesses
and customers are generating. Plastic can be considered as one time invention but nobody can
deny its harmful impact of environment which is required to be reduced. The hospitality sector is
waking up to issue related to plastic waste but it is two way street. The hotels are relying on
affordable and convenient materials as much as the visitors do. The single use plastic goods have
given economy and convenience. The plastic goods ate cheap, address hygienic concerns and
durable. These are mainly apparent in hospitality sector because of better expectations of guests.
It includes the cost of food being wasted in food service in hospitality and food services sector
was estimated around £2.5 billion per year in United Kingdom. It is observed that wastage has
been done on a large level which is required to be preventing because this cost of food wastage
raises to £3.0 billion till next 5 to 6 years. In the hospitality sector, single 200 room four start
hotel can use around 300000 pieces of the single use of plastic in month of this is at the full
capacity. There is an estimation consists 20000 plastic water bottles, 49765 plastic amenities and
also 2166693 pieces of the plastic for beverage and food operations consisting storage bags,
plastic wrap and latex gloves (Eshun and Appiah, 2018).

Marriott group has been announced that this will replace many of its hotels single use
conditioners, bath gels and shampoo bottles with larger ones throughout 2020, preventing around
500 million of tiny plastic bottles from reaching the landfills. In regards to this, Marriott chain
of the hotels has began replacing person, little amenity of bath bottles at five of chosen serve
brand in the North America. This hotel expects around 1500 hotels in the initiative end year.
Change is mainly expected to result in elimination of the 34.5 million of bottles and 375000
pounds of the plastic in average year. This has been estimated that 91% of the plastic waste has
not been recycled and 73% of beach less is plastic (Eshun, 2018). Other than this, Marriott
international hotel revealed that they will out the plastic straws out of 60 of UK locations and
around 6500 of worldwide resorts and hotels with corporate HQ. This hotel expects to eliminate
the 1 billion of plastic straws every year. Marriott group has introduced new shower products
dispenser system in context of giving throwaway conditioner and shampoo bottles. Many of the
hotels are replacing the plastic bottles with glass bottles in order to cut the harmful single used
plastic bottles.
COVID-19 is a Coronavirus disease that impact on the health of people. It is pneumonia
of the unknown cause that mainly detected in Wuhan, China was reported first to office of WHO
organisation in China on 31 December, 2019. COVID-19 is an infectious disease that mainly
caused through new virus. This disease causes the respiratory illness with some symptoms like
fever, cough and breathing problems. In context to hospitality sector, there is a need to provide
the roper guidelines issues by hospitality industry that consists washing hands on frequent basis,
avoiding the close contact (1 meter) with people with are unhealthy and avoid touching face.
There is a need to people to maintain full hygiene level in order to protect this COVID-19.
The consumer insight in context of reducing use of plastic
According to Matthew Oldfield (2020), Plastic was seen as the miraculous materials
which catered to convenience culture. Many of the plastic materials are not degrade completely
and remain in environment. This is thought that only 5% of the plastics are mainly recycles with
40% ending up in the landfill and more than 30% in environment. More than 80% of plastic
waster in oceans originated on the land and also three quarters of comes from the uncollected
wastage. Plastic leakage results in around 8 million metric tonnes of the plastic materials that
entreating in oceans each year. More than 80% of the plastic wastage in oceans originates on
land and the three quarters of that comes from the uncontrolled wastage (Ghadban, Shames and

Mayaleh, 2017). Under this, better way to minimize amount of the plastic wastage entering in to
ocean to simply curt this off at source and also minimize amount that is mainly used in first
place. Impact of the climate change is felt already and the customers are more aware of personal
impact on planet. This is no longer some other problem to solve but everyone has part to
preventing. In context to this debate has wider from the specified concerned with the climate
change, to range of customer issues and from populations to the single use of plastics. In order to
reduce the plastics, consumers are mainly select to purchase goods without any packaging and
refuse to use straws.
Consumers can be helpful in fix issue through making effort in minimize plastic wastage.
Better way to minimize the wastage is to use reusable bags from grocery shops. People leave
stores with large number of the plastic bags which get thrown away. Drinking from reusable
water bottle instead of disposable can be helpful. Consumers can neglect to go the containers
such as cups from the coffee shops leftover from restaurants. In restaurants, consumers can
neglect to use the plastic straws. They need to purchase the household goods such as laundry
detergent in the cardboard boxes instead of the plastic bottles. The small chance in daily life can
add more and minimize amount of the plastic wastage in environment. Other than this, there is a
need to avoid the microbeads. The plastic microbeads are mainly added to toothpastes, body
washes and face scrubs which are mainly responsible for providing the freshly-scrubbed feeling.
In context to this, small size means they enter oceans by sewer systems. Governments are
beginning to ban the microbeads which are still for the sale purpose of globe. There is a need to
customers to neglect them through looking for the materials scubas as polypropylene and
polythene in ingredients list (Hendrickson and Skerrette, 2020). On the other hand, if consumers
are more passionate regarding reducing plastic wastage and also minimizing the pollution in
environment, consumers can become advocate in community. Other than this, there are some
ways which consumers can be adopt for reducing the plastic use given below:
Stop purchasing plastic bottle- The biggest aggregate source of plastic waste in our
oceans is water and other beverage bottles with their tops. Over 1 million plastic bottles are
purchased worldwide per minute and only a small proportion is recycled. This is a simple option-
a reusable stainless steel or glass container, which can be used repeatedly. These bars are robust
and simple to purify and can easily be thrown into a bag or left to drink. So, in order to minimise
the plastic bottles, consumers should avoid purchasing it.

Select cardboard over plastic bottles and bags- Cardboard is easier to recycle than
plastic, and paper products are much easier to biodegrade without adding much weight to
product than glass or aluminium can. So, choose spaghetti in the bag rather than noodles, or
detergent in the container when you want. You can put it in the tub. It is even better to search for
companies which sustainably supply their cardboard or take a strong position on deforestation.
The harmful effects of plastic usage for environment
On the basis of Cristine Felt (2020) Plastic pollution is an accumulation of the plastic
particles and objects in environment that impact adversely on humans, wildlife, wildlife habitat
etc. It is when the plastic has collected in area and has started to develop negative impact on
natural environment and also develop issues for wildlife, plants and the human population. It
consists killing plant life and poisoning dangers for local animals. Amount of the garbage in
world enhanced as population grows and also disposable plastic goods such as soda cans, bottles
over a period of time. It occurs when the enough plastic has collected in area that impact natural
environment and also harm humans and environment (Huang, 2016). Plastic has the toxic
pollutants which damage environment and also cause water, air and land pollution. This can take
the many years for breakdown of plastic to damage environment for long lasting.
Distribution of the plastic debris is variable as resist of some factors like ocean currents,
urban areas and the coastline geography. This serves as means of the organism distribution in
order to remote coasts which are not native environment. It could enhance variability and
organisms dispersal in particular areas which are minimum biologically diverse. The plastics cal
used as the vectors for the chemical contaminants fort an instance heavy metals and organic
pollutants. Most obvious pollution form is related with the plastic packaging is the wasted plastic
that sent landfills. They are stable in nature and stay in environment for long period of time. The
decomposition rates are reduced by the anti- oxidants which produce to increase the resistance of
container need to attack through acidic contents. Plastic put chemical burden on environment. In
relation to this, burning of the plastic in open air leads to arise environmental pollution because
release of the poisonous chemicals. Polluted air when inhaled through animals and people can
impact on their health and also cause the respiratory issues. The plastic usage is harmful for
environment along with the humans. For long time, the plastic bags were mainly used as free and
also painless solutions in order to carrying weekly supermarket shop and range of the other
purposes (Islam, Rahman and Haque, 2016). The plastic pollution has large impact on

environment but plastic waste is not being unavoidable. Every time customers make choice to
neglect the plastic goods which minimize risk of the environmental damage. Plastic sticks in
environment for the ages threatening the wildlife and also spreading toxins, plastics contribute
towards the global warming. All the plastics made from the chemicals which come from
production of the planet-warming fuels for an instance coal, gas and oil. Burning the plastics in
the incinerators releases the climate wrecking gases and also toxic air pollution. In United
Kingdom, there are more than 35 million of plastic bottles used every day. Carrying the reusable
bottle is better way to cut use of plastic and also save the money also.
Figure 1: Environmental impact
(Source: Environmental Impact. Effects, Dangers of Plastic Bags)
On ground, plastic shopping bags are one of the common litter types. Build large quantities
of plastic bags that obstruct local drainage systems are popular for they. Plastic shopping bags
are also dangerous for safety for humans over the years, because pollutants are leached into the
supply of water. Upon use, most sacks are moved to sites. More and more bags clutter the
atmosphere every year. When they are garbage, our rivers, parks, beaches and streets are filled
with plastic bag. And if burned, they add poisonous gases to the air.
The ways of reducing plastic usage in Marriott Hotel & Resorts
According to Margaret Badore (2020), Recycling can helpful in minimize garbage
amount that ends up in the ecosystems and landfills. Few kinds of the plastics can recycled
through governments. Fraction which get recycles needs more energy and water when this comes

to use the single use products. In order to minimize the single use of plastic, Marriott hotel
continuing move towards large size shampoo bottles, body wash and conditions in the guest
room showers. Marriott international hotel is one of the biggest hotel chains and this announced
to stop giving the toiletries in the single use of plastic bottles in order to minimize wastage which
mainly caused through packaging. This estimated move will keep around 1.7 million plastic
punts or 500 million small bottles to ending up in the rubbish dumps every year. Its main aim is
to minimize landfill wastage by 45% and source its 10 products buying categories consisting the
guest amenities throughout 2025. Marriott crusade against the mini bottles as part of large
sustainability push. This addresses plastic through phasing the plastic straws and also stirrers.
This met its objective year later and also estimated new policy that will prevent the 1 billion of
straws from entering landfills. Marriott hotel operated more than 7000 hotels in all over the
world and plan to replace all its single use bottles shampoo and bathe gel with the large pump
bootless in its hotel rooms globally. More than 1000 of its hotel properties across the North
America have made switch already. It expanded the toiletry program is prevent around 500
million small size bottles from going to be landfills. The Marriott hotel has rolled out the more
amenities at 1000 of North America hotels in the properties consisting Courtyard through
Marriott hotel. This hotel used 300000 straws last year (Ismail, 2015). Through removing the
plastic straws from hotels in UK, company is making small but the necessary step in playing part
in minimizing volume of the plastic which damages wildlife and environment. It has unique
opportunities and global responsibilities to be force for better in all the aspects of business.
Marriott international hotel has launches new sustainability as well as social impact platforms to
foster growth of business while balancing associates, customers and environment requirements.

Figure 2: Marriott International to Eliminate Single-Use Shower Toiletry Bottles from
Properties Worldwide
(Source: Marriott International to Eliminate Single-Use Shower Toiletry Bottles from
Properties Worldwide)
More than 20% of the Marriott International more than 7000 properties provide the larger
pump topped bottles in the guestroom showers that doing away with the single use of bottles
which end up in the landfills. Marriott hotel welcomes the more than 1 million guests each night
that first started replacing the single use of the toiletry bottles in guest bathrooms of around 450
select service hotels with the larger toiletry bottles that includes large number of products.
It has been stated that literature review provided the brief explanation regarding the
plastic reduction in hospitality sector. Literature review helped in analyse the gap by providing
answers of relevant research questions. There has been discussed about the ways that hotel and
consumers both need to be taken for minimizing issue of plastic reduction because this
negatively impact on environment, human health an animals.
Theoretical framework
It includes the key points and key theories which included in literature review and also
supports an investigation.
Plastic wastage- It is an accumulation of plastic objects such as bottles, straws in
environment of earth which impacts adversely humans, wildlife and wildlife habitat. Plastic
debris is clogging up the landfills, polluting waterways, blocking the drains and also contributing
towards biodiversity loss.

Impact of plastic wastage- Burning of plastic in air, leads to the environmental pollution
because release of the poisonous chemicals. Polluted air when inhaled through animals and
humans which impact on health and this can cause the respiratory issues. Plastic waste harm
environment because sticks around in environment for the ages, spreading toxics ad threatening
wildlife. This contributes towards the global warming.
Recycling- It is process of the converting waste materials in to the new objects and
materials. This can prevent potentially waste useful materials and reduce consumption about
fresh raw materials by reducing air pollution, water pollution and energy usage. It is necessary
for the hospitality sector to use the recycling process for reducing plastic wastage.
Reduction of plastic wastage- The plastic wastage can be reduced by not using the
plastic bags, straws, bottles and many other things related to the plastic this helps i save the
environment, life of people and animals as well.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Methodology is philosophical framework within which an investigation is mainly
conducted on which an investigation is based. Research methodology is defined as process by
which a researcher performs research on the subject in question. This is specific process that
mainly used to determine, chosen and analyse information regarding topic. It is known as critical
chapter in research that gives researchers with instructions on many approaches they need to be
followed in order to perform successful study. This chapter of research explains research
methods, designs and approached in detail which mainly used in conducting whole study,
justifying choice by explaining benefits and also disadvantages of every approach which taking
in account of practical research applicability ( Jones, Hillier and Comfort, 2014). The present
research is based on the reduction of plastic in hospitality industry in the UK. From using
different tools and techniques information and data about the current use of plastic in hospitality
sector and also its harmful impact on environment has been collected in a detailed manner. The
different tools and techniques have been used for collection of data regarding the measures
which are taken by Marriott hotel to reducing the plastic use.
Research methods- In present investigation, quantitative method has been used because it
helps in give the reliable and valid outcomes to large size population. This is mainly used to
enumerate issues by collected data from using authentic sources about the plastic use and the
different actions taken by the customers regarding reduction of plastic so that people, animals
and environment can be safe (Mazzarotto, 2019). The quantitative research method uses to
measurable the data for developing facts and figures and also analyse by using numerical and
statistical analysis.
Basically, there are qualitative and quantitative are two different kinds of research
method. These are helpful in completing an investigation in significant manner (Kamel, Orabi
and Taha, 2017).
Quantitative method- In this, data and the information is mainly collected from quantities
and measured in terms of numbers. The data are examined by using the numerical comparisons
as well as statistical inferences. The quantitative method is mainly used to quantify the
behaviours and attitudes with foal to refute hypothesis regarding particular phenomenon
(Kessler, 2019).

Qualitative method- This is mainly to search and also gain the in- depth understanding
about individual thoughts and opinions to resolve issue. The main focus of this method is on
individual cases and also their subjective impressions. This is done with some respondents and
also supposed to give the insights in to setting of issue. This method helps in gather the
information that seeks to explain research are to measure this (Khanau, 2015).
Research Philosophy: In performing present research, positivism philosophy has been used
because this adheres the factual knowledge that mainly gained by the observation consisting
measurement. In this, role of an investigator is limited to the data collection as well as
interpretation in objective manner (Punitha, Aziz and Rahman, 2016). The positivism research
philosophy provides the factual and detailed information regarding the issue which arising from
use of plastic by the hospitality sector. The ways to reducing the plastic use by the Marriott hotel
has been examined in the detailed manner.
Research philosophy is belief regarding way under which the data should be collected,
examined and also used. In this, philosophical assumptions are underlying this investigation from
interpretive way. Research philosophy aids in determining circumstances or situations on which
research design functions(McNicholas and Cotton, 2019). Different philosophies are mention
below:
Interpretivism philosophy- This is necessary for interpretivists to search subject
meanings which stimulate actions of people to understand and also make the sense of actions
(Mosquera, 2019).
The reason behind selecting interpretivism philosophy is that it provides the subjective
interpretation and also intervention in to reality that understood effectively (Najdić, Munitić and
Vučković, 2019).
Positivism philosophy- It believes that the reality is to be stable and also observed from
objective viewpoint without any interfering with phenomenon. This research philosophy consists
reality manipulation with the variations in independent variables to determine regularities. It has
rich and long historical traditions. This is embedded in society that claims about knowledge that
claims is not to be grounded positivist (Pirani and Arafat, 2014).
Research approach- In conducting the research, there has been deductive research used because
this involves formulation of the hypothesis and testing during research process. They move from
general level to specific. Deductive research approach aids in give the authentic information

about the plastic use in hospitality industry and the way hotel use for reducing plastic use for an
instance recycling, reuse and others. (Slocum and Curtis, 2017).
Research approach is procedure and the process for an investigation that span steps from
the wider assumptions to detailed data collection and interpretation methods. Overall decision
consists which kind of approach needs to be used in study. Informing this kind of decision
should be philosophical assumptions an investigator brings to study (Ramirez and George, 2019).
Inductive approach- In this research approach, investigator starts through gathering the
data that is specific research area. Investigator looks for the pattern in data that working to create
theory which could define the patterns. It is appropriate for the small project because the less
numbers of the sample are examined with higher gravity (Sagarika, 2015).
Deductive approach- This is effective for the large size project because of the more
samples are examined with minimum depth. This approach is based on the quantitative method
as gather the observations for addressing hypothesis (Schnurr and et. al., 2018).
Data collection- In present research, there has been questionnaire used because this is a series of
the questions which mainly prepared to elicit the information that filled through chosen
respondents in sample. Reason for using this data collection tool is to collect information from
the large sample people and observe their opinions. The questionnaire can give width
information regarding the behaviour that pertaining to reduction of plastic in hospitality industry
in the UK (Wijaya, 2014). Questionnaire has been considered the different questions regarding
the issues arisen from plastic use, measures which are taken by the hotel, problems faced by the
hospitality sector from the plastic use and others. It helps in providing the better understanding
regarding plastic use and the issues.
Data collection is concerned with gathering of data by using specific sources. By
collection of authentic data, researcher can able to find out the answers of arisen questions
(Spencer and Durston, 2015).
Primary Research- In this research method, the data is gathered through self-conduct
research and observations. They are first hand data and no research has been done before on it. It
is usually time consuming process and high in cost. The investigator adopts this research method
when he/she finds no data available on his research problem therefore to solve the same he needs
to gather the data by himself. Some commonly used primary method of research includes
observation, interview, questionnaire, experiments, surveys and so forth (Su, 2015).

Secondary Research- It is a research method in which the investigator uses the second
hand data or data which is available at different sources. It is a research which has already been
conducted by someone else and any person can uses that research for his own purpose. This type
of research method saves time of researcher as the data is already been available to him at many
sources. This method is generally cost-efficient than primary research. This method also has its
own limitation i.e. the data available seldom is not reliable; the researcher needs to differentiate
between authentic and non-authentic sources of data. Some commonly used methods for
secondary research include- census report, other governmental databases, administrative data,
books, journals, newspapers, articles and so forth (Sugrue and et. al., 2015).
In conducting this research, primary and secondary data collection methods have been
used. In the primary method, questionnaire has been used because it is easy to gathering the data
from large number of respondents within less time period. On the other hand, secondary method
has been used in doing the literature review part and the theoretical analysis (Thomas, 2019).
Procedure for Data collection- These are the instruments or devices which mainly used to
gather data by using different tools. The research tools are device which mainly used to collect
data and also facilitate variable measurement and also observation. Questionnaire, observations,
interviews, focus groups are the different data collection tools which mainly used to gathering
data (West and et. al., 2019).
Sampling: The random sampling method has been used because it is a part of probabilistic
sampling and each subset have equal chance to be selected. There has been 50 sample size
chosen and these are the customers. Under this, customers are the main sources which give their
opinion about the reduction of plastic use and its negative impact on the environment. The
different ways which customers use has been stated in the questionnaire.
Sampling can be described as the way of analysing resource as well as measuring the
outcomes. Sample size selected by researcher will represent the results of whole task. There are
different types of sampling method that could used by investigator to analyse outcomes. Various
sampling methods are mention below in detail. There are two different sampling methods like
probabilistic and non probabilistic (Wynn and Jones, 2019).
Probabilistic- In this, researcher selects a part of population from large population and all
the participants are given equal chances of being selected in the data collection process. This
method of sampling is generally time consuming and also increases the workload of investigator.

This is the technique that can be used by researcher for collecting information as well as
analysing the outcomes of the research. This is helpful in taking better decision as well as
analysing different ideas (Zorpas, Voukkali and Loizia, 2015).
Non-Probabilistic Sampling- In this research technique the samples gather for data do
not have equal chances to get selected. To collect data, investigator randomly selects the
participants from large number of population and notes the observations. In this type of sampling
the investigator takes the whole large population rather than a part of it (as in case of
probabilistic sampling). As the researcher is bound by the time, money and workload, he may
not able to sample all the participants because of this he uses this method (La Fontaine, 2016).
Data Analysis- It is procedure of examining the data by using logical reasoning to analyse
component of provided data. Data from the different sources is collected and examined in order
to form some sort of the conclusion. Main purpose of using the data analysis is to gain proper
understanding about the specific research area. It helps in search the meaning in data and
information so that derived knowledge can be used in proper manner for making the informed
decisions (Hendrickson and Skerrette, 2020).
To analyse the collected data through questionnaire, thematic analysis method has been
used because this gives valid information about the specific subject area. In this, themes will be
developed and the interpretation can be made effectively (Levitt, 2015).
Ethical considerations- It can be considered as most necessary part of an investigation. The
research ethics included needs on the daily basis work and protection about dignity of the subject
area. There are different principles of ethics which need to be followed through researcher such
as informed consent, confidentiality, anonymity, avoid deceptive practices etc. Through
following all these principles helps in develop positive impact on research outcomes (Dhupelia,
2016).

RESULTS
QUESTIONNAIRE
Name:
Age:
Gender:
Q1) Do you use the plastic bags?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) What are various type of items you mainly use plastic for?
a) Bottles
b) Packaging
c) Bags
Q3) After using the plastic what do you do with it?
a) Recycle
b) Dustbin
c) Reuse
Q4) Do you have the knowledge about impact of plastic on environment?
a) Yes
b) No
Q5) According to you, which components have more affected by the use of plastic?
a) Human
b) Animals
c) Environment
Q6) As per your opinion, what are the different ways you need to be adopt for reducing
the plastic use?
a) Buy products without packaging
b) Neglect to use plastic straws
c) Stop buying plastic bottles
d) Drinking from reusable water bottle
Q7) Do you think, hospitality sector should ban the use of plastic bottles to protect

environment?
a) Yes
b) No
Q8) How often do you buy the plastic drinks bottles from Marriott hotel?
a) Every day
b) About once a week
c) About once a month
Q9) Where are the plastics used in hotels and how long can they take to be break down?
a) Plastic straws- up to 200 years
b) Plastic water bottles- up to 70-450 years
c) Single-use plastic glass- 20-30 years
Q10) According to your opinion, what initiatives should take by Marriott hotel for plastic
reductions?
a) Recycling bins
b) Non-single-use bottled water in guests’ rooms
c) Refillable amenities in guests’ rooms
Q11) As per your opinion, does hospitality sector will encouraged guests to neglect
creating the plastic wastage at the time of their stay?
a) Yes
b) No
Q12) What are different ways Marriott hotel can adopt to reduce impact of plastics on
environment?
a) Assure all plastics used on site are gathered for recycling
b) Talk to waste contractor
c) Consider biodegradable packaging
d) Stop using tiny plastic containers
Q13) As per your view point, what are the actions taken by UK government for reducing
the Plastic pollution within hospitality sector?
a) Restrictions on plastic straws
b) Prohibition of EPS foam food containers
c) Recycle plastic waste

Q14) What are the several ways hospitality industry should use for spreading awareness
about reducing plastic use among customers?
a) Organise campaign
b) Use hoarding
c) Ban plastics within industry
Q15) Recommend some of the effective ways to solve problem of plastic on environment.

Q1) Do you use the plastic bags? Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q2) What are various type of items you mainly use plastic for? Frequency
a) Bottles 15
b) Packaging 15
c) Bags 20
Q3) After using the plastic what do yo do with it? Frequency
a) Recycle 30
b) Dustbin 10
c) Reuse 10
Q4) Do you have the knowledge about impact of plastic on
environment?
Frequency
a) Yes 45
b) No 5
Q5) According to you, which components have more affected by
the use of plastic?
Frequency
a) Human 25
b) Animals 10
c) Environment 15
Q6) As per your opinion, what are the different ways you need to
be adopt for reducing the plastic use?
Frequency
a) Buy products without packaging 15
b) Neglect to use plastic straws 10
c) Stop buying plastic bottles 15

d) Drinking from reusable water bottle 10
Q7) Do you think, hospitality sector should ban the use of plastic
bottles to protect environment?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15
Q8) How often do you buy the plastic drinks bottles from Marriott
hotel?
Frequency
a) Every day 10
b) About once a week 10
c) About once a month 30
Q9) Where are the plastics used in hotels and how long can they
take to be break down?
Frequency
a) Plastic straws- up to 200 years 15
b) Plastic water bottles- up to 70-450 years 20
c) Single-use plastic glass- 20-30 years 15
Q10) According to your opinion, what initiatives should taken by
Marriott hotel for plastic reductions?
Frequency
a) Recycling bins 34
b) Non-single-use bottled water in guests’ rooms 10
c) Refillable amenities in guests’ rooms 6
Q11) As per your opinion, does hospitality sector will encouraged
guests to neglect creating the plastic wastage at the time of their
stay?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15
Q12) What are different ways Marriott hotel can adopt to reduce Frequency

impact of plastics on environment?
a) Assure all plastics used on site are gathered for recycling 12
b) Talk to waste contractor 18
c) Consider biodegradable packaging 10
d) Stop using tiny plastic containers 10
Q13) As per your view point, what are the actions taken by UK
government for reducing the Plastic pollution within hospitality
sector?
Frequency
a) Restrictions on plastic straws 30
b) Prohibition of EPS foam food containers 10
c) Recycle plastic waste 10
Q14) What are the several ways hospitality industry should use for
spreading awareness about reducing plastic use among customers?
Frequency
a) Organise campaign 16
b) Use hoarding 26
c) Ban plastics within industry 8
THEME 1: Use the plastic bags
Q1) Do you use the plastic bags? Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20

Interpretation: It has been stated from the above mention graph that there are 40 respondents
and they use plastic bags. They use the plastic bags on continuous basis for shopping and some
other purpose. The retailers also give the plastic bags to consumers for use. Other than this, there
are 10 remaining respondents which do not use the plastic bags as they are more concerned about
the environment and also prevent environment from plastic pollution. According to them, it is
necessary for balancing requirements among preserving environment with meeting requirements
of consumers.
THEME 2: Various type of items you mainly use plastic for
Q2) What are various type of items you mainly use plastic for? Frequency
a) Bottles 15
b) Packaging 15
c) Bags 20
a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
30
20
Column B

Interpretation: From above graph, this has been examined that there are different kinds of items
which customers use of plastic. Around third of the plastic is mainly used in the packaging and
up to 20% plastic used in automobiles. There are 15 respondents which said that they use the
plastic bottles. In bottles, PET is used and this is known as wrinkle free fibre. This is varied from
plastic bag. This is mainly used as fibre and also for bottling. According to 15 respondents that
they use the plastic for packaging purpose. Plastic is more effective materials to select than the
alternatives. Other than this, there are 20 respondents and according to them they use the plastic
bags more in shopping and also for the other purposes.
THEME 3: What do you do with plastic?
Q3) After using the plastic what do you do with it? Frequency
a) Recycle 30
b) Dustbin 10
c) Reuse 10
a) Bottles b) Packaging c) Bags
0
5
10
15
20
25
15 15
20
Column B

Interpretation: After using plastic, there are different things to do with this. Plastic can impact
negatively on health of people. There are 30 respondents which said that they recycle the plastic
after use. They followed the whole process about recycling so that it cannot harm the
environment as well as human being. There are 10 respondents which said that they throw plastic
in dustbin after use because it is useless. 10 remaining respondents are agreeing with the reuse in
proper manner.
THEME 4: Impact of plastic on environment
Q4) Do you have the knowledge about impact of plastic on
environment?
Frequency
a) Yes 45
b) No 5
a) Recycle b) Dustbin c) Reuse
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
30
10 10
Column B

Interpretation: There are 45 respondents and according to them plastic develops the negative
impact on environment as it creates pollution. Along with this, plastic affects on the health of
human being and animals because it contains chemicals. Burning of the plastic in open air leads
to the environmental pollutions because of release of the poisonous chemicals. Polluted air
inhaled through the animals and humans impact on health and also causes the respiratory issues.
There are 5 remaining respondents which are disagreeing with the given statement because they
are not aware about it effectively.
THEME 5: Components have more effected by the use of plastic
Q5) According to you, which components have more effected by
the use of plastic?
Frequency
a) Human 25
b) Animals 10
c) Environment 15
a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
45
5
Column B

Interpretation: The plastic pollution has become most pressing environmental problems and
enhancing production of the disposable plastic goods overwhelms ability to deal with them
effectively. The plastic included toxic chemicals which can enhance disease change and impact
reproduction. There are 25 respondents and they said that humans are not impacted from use of
the plastic because this contains harmful chemicals. The plastics can be properly concerted in
crude oil by pyrolysis, high heat procedure which does not use the oxygen. On the basis of 10
respondents that plastic use develops the more impact on animals as they eat the polythene which
arise the issues in their stomach. 15 respondents are agreeing with arisen environment issues.
THEME 6: Ways you need to be adopt for reducing the plastic use
Q6) As per your opinion, what are the different ways you need to
be adopt for reducing the plastic use?
Frequency
a) Buy products without packaging 15
b) Neglect to use plastic straws 10
c) Stop buying plastic bottles 15
d) Drinking from reusable water bottle 10
a) Human b) Animals c) Environment
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
25
10
15
Column B

Interpretation: Under this, there are various ways need to adopt for minimizing plastic use.
According to 15 respondents which said that customers need to purchase the goods without any
packaging. The plastic packaging develops negative impact on environment and it also arise
some other issues. 10 respondents are agreeing with avoid using the plastic straws. The plastic
straws are not good for oceans. Instead of plastic polluter, paper and stainless steel straws
decompose nature. 15 remaining respondents are agreeing with stop purchasing the plastic
bottles and carrying reusable bottle to cut the use of plastic. On the basis of 10 respondents that
they use the drinking from the reusable water bottle so that it is easy to save environment from
plastic pollution.
THEME 7: Hospitality sector should ban the use of plastic bottles to protect environment
Q7) Do you think, hospitality sector should ban the use of plastic
bottles to protect environment?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15
a) Buy products without packaging
b) Neglect to use plastic straws
c) Stop buying plastic bottles
d) Drinking from reusable water bottle
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16 15
10
15
10
Column B

Interpretation: As per opinion of 35 respondents that hospitality industry should ban use of the
plastic bottles in order to protect environment. According to them, plastic bottles have been
known to the harbour toxins which are harmful to body of human being. Banning use of the
plastic bottles will make place safe and free of toxins such as BPA. There are 15 respondents
which said that plastic should not be banned because these are necessary for some of packaging
and other purposes. To reduce the impact of plastic use, plastic should be recycling.
THEME 8: Buy the plastic drinks bottles from Marriott hotel
Q8) How often do you buy the plastic drinks bottles from Marriott
hotel?
Frequency
a) Every day 10
b) About once a week 10
c) About once a month 30
a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
35
15
Column B

Interpretation: Marriott is an international large size hotel and it uses the plastic for many
purposes such as bottles and packaging. There are 10 respondents which said that they are the
regular customers of Marriott hotel and use its services effectively. They purchase plastic bottles
from Marriott hotel. According to 10 respondents that they use plastic bottles of Marriott
international hotel once a week because they travel for the specific purpose such as meeting.
There are 30 respondents which purchase plastic bottles from the Marriott hotel once a month.
THEME 9: Plastics used in hotels and how long can they take to be break down
Q9) Where are the plastics used in hotels and how long can they
take to be break down?
Frequency
a) Plastic straws- up to 200 years 15
b) Plastic water bottles- up to 70-450 years 20
c) Single-use plastic glass- 20-30 years 15
a) Every day b) About once a week c) About once a month
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
10 10
30
Column B

Interpretation: From mention graph, this has been analysed that the plastic used in different
hotels are in differ manner and they take time to be break down in long time period. There are 15
respondents which said that plastic straws are main pollution cause and they can taken up to 200
years for decompose. This will take from 50 to 200 years to be fully degraded and it is complex
to be biodegrade. As per opinion of 20 respondents that various types of the plastic can degrade
at various time bit average time for plastic bottle to degrade is around 450 years. This can take
some of the bottles 1000 years to be biodegrade. There are 15 respondents which said that
Single-use plastic glass takes 20 to 30 years for decompose purpose.
THEME 10: Initiatives should taken by Marriott hotel for plastic reductions
Q10) According to your opinion, what initiatives should take by
Marriott hotel for plastic reductions?
Frequency
a) Recycling bins 34
b) Non-single-use bottled water in guests’ rooms 10
c) Refillable amenities in guests’ rooms 6
a) Plastic straws- up to 200 years
b) Plastic water bottles- up to 70-450 years
c) Single-use plastic glass- 20-30 years
0
5
10
15
20
25
15
20
15
Column B

Interpretation: There are different initiated taken through the Marriott hotel for the purpose of
reduction of plastic use. According to viewpoint of 34 respondents that Marriott hotel should use
the recycling bins for reducing use of plastic. This hotel should use the recycling bins in each
room and accompanied through waste management information card. The guests will encourages
to be acknowledge regarding recycling of hotel as well as waste reduction programs. 10
respondents are agreeing with Non-single-use bottled water in guests’ rooms. This means that
Marriott hotel should be able to minimize amount of the generate the plastic waste. There are 6
remaining respondents which are agreeing with the Refillable amenities in guests’ rooms’
initiative through hotel. Highlight of plastic reduction program is refillable amenities in each
guest’s room. This fixed to walls, bottles in bathrooms, body wash and conditioner.
THEME 11: Hospitality sector will encouraged guests to neglect creating the plastic
wastage
Q11) As per your opinion, does hospitality sector will encouraged
guests to neglect creating the plastic wastage at the time of their
stay?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15
a) Recycling bins
b) Non-single-use bottled water in guests’ rooms
c) Refillable amenities in guests’ rooms
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
34
10
6
Column B

Interpretation: To aware the customers about reducing plastic wastage in necessary. There are
35 respondents which said that hospitality sector will encourage guests to neglect creating the
plastic wastage at the time of their stay. The hotels should reduce wastage of the plastic use so
that the environment can be safe and positive. There are 15 respondents which are disagree with
the give statement and they said that it reduce the comfort level of guests and also can develop
the negative impact on mindset of the guests.
THEME 12: Ways Marriott hotel can adopt to reduce impact of plastics
Q12) What are different ways Marriott hotel can adopt to reduce
impact of plastics on environment?
Frequency
a) Assure all plastics used on site are gathered for recycling 12
b) Talk to waste contractor 18
c) Consider biodegradable packaging 10
d) Stop using tiny plastic containers 10
a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
35
15
Column B

Interpretation: Under the mention graph, there are some ways which Marriott hotel should
adopt to minimize impact of the plastics on environment. There are 12 respondents which said
that assure all plastics used on site are gathered for recycling. There is a need to consider where
plastic waste is to be produced in hotel and also assure that there are collection facilities of each
of these. In Marriott hotel, waste audit of the each department can shed the light on where
plastics are not to be captured for the recycling purpose and helpful for improvements. 18
respondents are agreeing with talk about reduction of pollution wastage to waste contractor. 10
respondents said about considering the biodegradable packaging. The food contamination is
main reason about set the plastics for recycling purpose and not recycled actually. On the basis
of 10 respondents that there is a need to stop using tiny plastic containers. Complete review
about provide the goods such as coffee, toiletries and condiments to guests. It is more visible and
effective way about minimizing environmental effect related with the plastics and minimizing
wastages related with throwing half used toiletries bottles.
THEME 13: Actions taken by UK government for reducing the Plastic pollution
Q13) As per your view point, what are the actions taken by UK
government for reducing the Plastic pollution within hospitality
sector?
Frequency
0
4
8
12
16
20
12
18
10 10
Column B

a) Restrictions on plastic straws 30
b) Prohibition of EPS foam food containers 10
c) Recycle plastic waste 10
Interpretation: Under this, there are many actions or initiatives taken by the government in
order to minimizing plastic pollution within the hospitality industry. The firms are making the
effective moves towards more sustainable in order to enhancing consumer awareness. There are
30 respondents which said that government restricts about use of the plastic straws. Government
has set out plan regarding ban of plastic straw distribution. Government intends to be introducing
ban on distribution and the sale. On the basis of 10 respondents that government Prohibition of
the EPS foam food containers. 10 respondents are agreeing with Recycle the plastic waste.
THEME 14: Ways hospitality industry should use for spreading awareness about reducing
plastic use
Q14) What are the several ways hospitality industry should use for
spreading awareness about reducing plastic use among customers?
Frequency
a) Organise campaign 16
b) Use hoarding 26
a) Restrictions on plastic straws
b) Prohibition of EPS foam food containers
c) Recycle plastic waste
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
30
10 10
Column B

c) Ban plastics within industry 8
Interpretation: The hospitality sector is wide category of the area within service sector that
consists food and drink services, lodging, transportation and others. It is necessary for hospitality
sector to aware the consumers about minimizing the use of plastic. There are 16 respondents and
according to them hospitality sector should organise the campaign to get the information to
people about reduction of plastic use because it impact on environment. There are 26
respondents which agree with use of hoarding about minimizing or avoiding the use of plastics. 8
respondents said that plastic should be ban within the hospitality sector.
a) Organise campaign b) Use hoarding c) Ban plastics within industry
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
16
26
8
Column B

ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
Plastic wastage is one of the major issue for environment and people as well. It also
negatively impact over environment and also great harm to the planet and society. Thus, it is
crucial to deal with the same so that plastic wastage can be easily reduced. For this campaign is
also launched that promote awareness in people and customers about the use of plastic. In this
regards, plastic can be also related as one of the time invention that create harm impact of
environment that is important to reduce so that business can easily manage the environment
healthy and protected. In context of this, hospitality industry is taking initiative for resolving
issue of plastic waste. As hotel is focus on reduction of plastic wastage so that environment can
be protected from any kind of harm and at the same time also aware customers about plastic
wastage. As single use plastic products have always provided convenience and economy as well
because products are cheap in rate, durable and also determine the most hygienic concern.
Mainly, plastic products are apparent within the hospitality sector because of expectations of
guest's. Along with this, it is also hard in evaluating as well as quantifies the actual impact of
plastic in financial terms but its evidence is quantifying everywhere. In context of this, visibility
of plastic wastage in society and community is become more prevalent especially in the travel
and tourism sector. As leading global business are also taking initiative to note of the problem
and also seeking the better solution. Some of hotel has committed to eliminating the plastic
straws and working on removing plastic bottles from their event spaces by offering refillable
bottles in order to meeting attendees.
Now a day's use of plastic is very harmful for environment as it catered to convenience
culture. As plastic materials are not completely degrade and also remain in the environment. In
this regards around 5% of the plastic are recycles along with 40% ending up in the landfill and
approx more than 30 % is remain in the environment that negatively harm the society and
environment as well. This is the reason that, it is crucial for business evaluate the ways to reduce
the plastic wastage entering in to the ocean that curt this off at sources and also reduce the
amount that used in the first place. In addition of this, change in climate is also felt already and
the customers are also aware and friendly about the impact of planet. It is not sufficient for
resolving issue but keep people aware about the climate change. This can be effective in
reducing the wastage of plastic and at the same time also improve the customer’s awareness.
Mainly, consumers are prefer to buy goods and services without any packaging and refuse to use

straws. As customers of customers are play a significant role in resolving the issue of reducing
the plastic wastage. Use reusable bags are one of the effective ways to minimize the plastic
wastage that support in protecting the environment from any kind of harm. Furthermore,
drinking from reusable water bottle as compare to disposable may aid in minimising its negative
impact over society and environment as well. In restaurants and hotels, customers are also
avoiding use of containers like cups from the coffee shops, plastic straws, and plastic bottles and
so on. All these are the better ways that support in reducing the wastage of plastic and make
awareness in public. This type of initiatives can support in making environment more protected
from harm. Apart from this, government also take initiatives for eliminating of plastic that
positively impact on managing pollution within the environment.
In addition of this, plastic is one of the major concerns in environment as it adversely
impact over the wildlife habits, human perspectives, environment and many more. Wastage of
plastic also dangers for the local animals because animals are consume it from garbage that
affect on their life as well. In this regards, increased amount of garbage in world may enhanced
as population and also disposable plastic goods like bottles, soda cans and plastic use over a
period of time. This type of issues is occurring when it collected in area that negatively impact
the natural environment and also affect on the human life as well. Mainly, plastic as toxic
pollutants that cause water, air and land pollutions. As there are some factors like ocean currents,
urban area and various aspects that are not native environment. It directly enhances the
variability and organisms in the specific area which is less biologically diverse. The use of
plastic has huge impact on environment but at the time plastic waste is not be unavoidable. In
this customers are make a choice to avoid the plastic goods that directly contributes in
eliminating the risk of arsing any kind of harm and damage over the environment. The main
reason of reducing plastic wastage, as it is made from the chemicals like instance coal, gas, oil
and other chemical materials that increase pollution in the surroundings.
Apart from this, recycling is consider as an effective way that can help in reducing
garbage and also ends up in the landfills. In this regards, there are some better ways which
provide by government through which plastic can be easily recycled and also used for further. In
this Marriott hotel take initiative and announced to stop giving the plastic bottles for toiletries
purpose that may assist in reducing the use of plastic.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclusion
It has been concluded from above mention report that plastic develops the negative
impact on the environment. The main changes in hospitality sector are to making combat plastic
wastage is cutting down the single use of the plastics. Enhancing number of the hotels are
making some internal change to reduce impact of plastic pollution. It has been discussed that
Marriott hotel used different ways to plastic reduction from hotels and give the better quality
services to hotels. The plastic is daily used product that is more convenient and this poses risk to
the marine life, public health and poisons. Marriott hotel chain has begun replacing the person
and small amenity bath bottles within the shower dispensers that containing tea tree goods. The
sustainable tourism is necessary for long term visibility of sector and plastic is most
environmental problems. In order to reduce the impact of plastic wastage, there has been
different awareness programs conducted through the hospitality sector. In this present research,
there have been objectives developed on the basis of research aim i.e. current plastic usage
situation and consumer insights on reducing plastic within the hospitality business. Under this,
there is a need to an investigator to find the solutions of arisen research questions by providing
the better outcomes. Literature review is mainly conducted by using secondary sources for an
instance articles, magazines, books and journals. There has been discussion about the current
plastic usage in hospitality business. The plastic develops negative impact on environment and it
affects in a negative manner. There has been different ways used by Marriott Hotel & Resorts for
minimizing the usage of plastic. From conducting the methodology, there has been find out the
effective tools and techniques which required for gathering and also analysis of data for getting
positive outcomes. The present research is based on the quantitative aspect because it analyse the
findings in better manner. 50 respondents have been chosen for collecting the information from
questionnaire.
Recommendations
Present research is based on analyse the current plastic usage situation and consumer
insights on reducing plastic within the hospitality business. There is some recommendations
mention below:

 To reduce the usage of plastic, there is a need to customers to avoid purchasing of the
plastic straws and also purchase the goods without any packaging. This helps in reduce
the wastage of plastic and also lesser the environmental impact.
 It is necessary for the hospitality sector to reduce usage of plastic so that environment can
be safe and secure.
 There is a need to Marriott hotel to use the non-single-use bottled water in the guest
rooms and also use the recycling bins for reduction of plastics.
 The hospitality sector takes initiative to spreading the awareness among people regarding
reduction of use of plastic by organising a campaign and also bans the plastic within
sector.

REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Baicu, C. G., Oehler-Sincai, I. M. and Popescu, D., 2019. Bioeconomy and Social Responsibility
in The Sustainable Hotel Industry. Amfiteatru Economic. 21(52). pp.639-653.
Barnard, B., 2015. Evaluating the service profit chain concept in a South African hotel group
(Doctoral dissertation, University of Johannesburg).
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