This report provides an in-depth analysis of population health screening, with a specific focus on breast cancer and the use of mammography for early detection. The report begins with an introduction to health screening and its importance in identifying and addressing potential health risks within a population. It then presents a case study of a 65-year-old woman diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer, examining the impact of the disease on her physical, mental, and social health. The main section delves into the leading causes of death in England, highlighting the prevalence of cancer and heart disease, and discussing the advantages and disadvantages of mammography as a screening tool. The report emphasizes the significance of early detection and the potential benefits of screening programs in reducing mortality rates. It also explores the impact of cancer on the patient's overall well-being, including physical, mental, and social aspects. The conclusion reiterates the importance of screening in improving health outcomes and highlights the value of mammography in the early detection of breast cancer. The report includes relevant references to support its findings and recommendations.