A Critical Review of Right Wing Populism and The Coming Anarchy

This report provides critical reviews on two key topics: right-wing populism in India and the concept of "The Coming Anarchy." The first review examines the rise of right-wing populism, particularly the influence of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sang (RSS), highlighting the impact on religious minorities, especially Muslims, and the potential for violence fueled by Hindu nationalism. The second review explores factors contributing to increasing lawlessness, focusing on issues in West African countries. It discusses the impact of crime, overpopulation, disease, weak borders, and rural-urban migration on societal stability and economic growth, emphasizing the need for solutions to prevent further deterioration. The report draws on various sources to support its analysis, offering insights into complex political and social issues.

PROVIDE CRITICAL REVIEWS (WITH A TOTAL LENGTH OF 1
1
Provide critical reviews (with a total length of 1
Name
Institution

PROVIDE CRITICAL REVIEWS (WITH A TOTAL LENGTH OF 1
2
RIGHT WINGED POPULISM IN INDIA
Right wing populism is a concept that involves speaking to the common citizens of a country
and opposing perceived establishments. It combines the concepts of right wing politics, where
some social orders and hierarchies are considered normal and inevitable, with the concept of
populism, where 'the ‘people’ and ‘the elite’ in the society are contrasted. It focuses mainly on
minorities in terms of religion, race, and nationality among others. This topic has been widely
discussed in Europe but is not as popular I non- European countries. The concept was introduced
in India in the 1980’s by the Bharatiya Janata Party and has since then been fostered by the
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sang (RSS). The RSS are a violent group which works to protect the
sacred religion of India, i.e. Hinduism and are strongly against religious minorities especially
Islam in India (Gandesha, 2018).
Since the group was supported and legitimized by the government, it was inevitable that it
would become more powerful. As a result there were increased attacks on religious minorities
especially Muslims by Hindu extremists. Muslims would randomly be cornered by the extremists
and beaten up, and sometimes the violence would escalate to a point where a whole village
would be involved. They promote violence by randomly attacking members of these minorities
and these actions end up promoting hate between them.
Right winged populism is seen even at the top where during campaign season there is a clear
separation between Hindu nationalists and Muslims. Politicians looking for votes use Hindu
nationalism as one of their pillars for the campaign. The rivalry between the two groups can
spark violence, especially after the election period is over since one side will have lost the
election (Taylor and Francis online, 2018).

PROVIDE CRITICAL REVIEWS (WITH A TOTAL LENGTH OF 1
3
The risk of violence under this type of politics is high. This is because one group, usually the
minority will not feel protected by the government. As a result they may opt to violence as a way
of ensuring that they get their rights. The Hindu extremists will also contribute to violence. Since
they know that they have support from the government then they will carry out their actions
without fear. A lot of such cases have occurred, where Muslims were brutally attacked by these
extremists and proper action was not taken against them. Sometimes the police may be involved,
but all they do is help those who have been injured, but never involve those who were
responsible for the injuries. The few times where they were arrested, the cases are dismissed and
those involved are never sentenced (Griswood, 2019).
The concept is growing in India, and there is increased awareness of it. There is an increase in
the amount of violence that is happening against people from marginalized religious groups, and
there is need to come up with a legislation that will protect them against this violence. In order
for the country to prosper, every citizen needs to feel safe, and all their rights need to be
protected, including those from marginalized religious groups.

PROVIDE CRITICAL REVIEWS (WITH A TOTAL LENGTH OF 1
4
References
Gandesha, S. (2018). Understanding Right and Left Populism. Critical Theory and
Authoritarian Populism, 49-70. doi:10.2307/j.ctv9hvtcf.7
Griswood, E. (2019). The Violent Toll of Hindu Nationalism in India. The NewYorker [New
York]. Retrieved from https://www.newyorker.com/news/on-religion/the-violent-toll-of-hindu-
nationalism-in-india
Taylor and Francis online. (2018). The right-wing populism of India's Bharatiya Janata Party
(and why comparativists should care). Retrieved from
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13510347.2018.1551885
THE COMING ANARCHY

PROVIDE CRITICAL REVIEWS (WITH A TOTAL LENGTH OF 1
5
Increasing lawlessness is a major factor that affects the growth of a nation. This article
describes how factors such as tyranny, crime, poverty, overpopulation, disease and tribalism
have affected countries in Africa, especially those found in West Africa.
The cities are unsafe even for foreigners especially at night in West African countries. This
has led to cancellation of flights in Murtala Muhammad Airport. People are tied up, robbed at
gunpoint and killed in open spaces while the police watch, too afraid to take action. The rise in
crime has been contributed to by rural- urban migration, where young men look for alternative
ways to make a living after they discover that they cannot depend on their relatives forever. (Sun,
2018)
Poor family structure contributes to high birth rates, thus increasing the population to a
number that cannot be sustained. It also contributes to the rise in HIV in Africa. Overpopulation
plays a role in deforestation, which leads to desertification, and soil degradation. This affects the
productivity of land and forces the youth to move to the city creating an endless cycle.
(Uniyal,2017)
West African countries have weak border lines. They rely on the influence of France to
maintain their stability. But as time passes, the sentimentality that French people hold over its
ex- colonies will fade, and France will stop being as involved in these countries the more it
makes itself active in European affairs. It is predicted that Nigeria will step up and fill this role
and expand its boundaries to the neighboring countries of Niger and Togo. The stability of a
country’s boundaries will also be affected by the movement of refugees from one country to the
next. This will also eventually weaken the state of a country’s traditional loyalty.
Disease is also a problem in this region. Foreigners require vaccines before visiting these
countries, such as that for Hepatitis B, look out for an Ebola outbreak or anti- malarial drugs.

PROVIDE CRITICAL REVIEWS (WITH A TOTAL LENGTH OF 1
6
Malaria is one of the leading causes of death in Africa. HIV is also prevalent here with 10% of
the population in Ivory Coast infected. Because of the increasing birth rates it is feared that the
disease might mutate and form new hybrids that are much harder to control. (Raji, 2015)
Rural- urban migration is a common phenomenon in this region, with people moving to cities
with hope of getting a better future. This has led to the growth of slums, since people are unable
to afford the lifestyle demanded by living in the city. Slums in Turkey are relatively safe and
crime free, but it is quite the opposite in African countries. (Burnett, 2016)
Ignoring these problems in our society does not benefit anyone. If anything, it only makes the
situation worse, especially for future generations. Foreign nations will be unwilling to invest in
countries where they do not feel safe and this will hurt the economy. In order for these countries
to be able to improve and prosper, they need to find solutions to the problems before their social
fabric is destroyed.

PROVIDE CRITICAL REVIEWS (WITH A TOTAL LENGTH OF 1
7
References
Burnett, P. (2016). OVERPOPULATION, OPTIMAL CITY SIZE AND THE EFFICIENCY
OF URBAN SPRAWL. Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies, 28(3), 143-161.
doi:10.1111/rurd.12051
Raji, T., Kilenga, N., & Djoudalbaye, B. (2015). West Africa Ebola Virus Disease Epidemic:
The Africa Experience. Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice, 4(1), 1.
doi:10.4314/sjmrp.v4i1.1
Sun, L. (2018). A Glance on Rural–Urban Migration. Rural Urban Migration and Policy
Intervention in China, 11-38. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-8093-7_2
Uniyal, S., Paliwal, R., Kaphaliya, B., & Sharma, R. K. (2017). Human Overpopulation.
Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 1-11. doi:10.4018/978-1-
5225-1683-5.ch001