Progress Report: Electrical Power and Solar Thermal Farm Connection

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and technical considerations associated with connecting a large 550MW solar thermal farm at Bulli Creek, Queensland. It delves into the issues related to the project, including defining the installation area, and the importance of adhering to industry standards. The report explores technical progress through simulations, electro-optical characteristics, and control algorithms, along with the formula used for calculating energy production. It also addresses project management aspects, emphasizing the need for effective communication, fund management, and a clear project plan. The proposed plan includes phased activities such as obtaining legal agreements, ordering components, testing software, installing the project, and training workers. The report highlights the importance of addressing potential issues like insufficient funds and the selection of appropriate solar PV technology to ensure efficient energy generation and project success.

Electrical Power 1
ELECTRICAL POWER
By Name
Course
Instructor
Institution
Location
Date

Electrical Power 2
The progress report is to carefully analyses the issues (problems) associated the
connection of a large 550MW solar thermal farm at Bulli Creek in Queensland that is located in
the northern end of Queensland New South Wales Interconnectors(Turner, 2004). In this
progress report, the designers should define the size of the installation area of the solar thermal
plant. In the connection of the solar thermal plant(Drucker, 1976, Karnaukhov and Goldshtein,
2003), there are some issues in which the contractors need to avoid these issues which are
encountered in the constructions(Kalogirou, 2004). These issues are due to the ignorance of the
standards which are required for the best connection of the projects(Tsoutsos et al., 2005). The
project team needs to undertake some feasibility study to ensure that the construction of the
project operates as required by the team. The team project management can perfectly undertake
their progress of the project as below(Zarza et al., 2006);
TECHNICAL PROGRESS
The technical progress of the project is the main area where the project team should
undertake with the greatest (Pehnt, 2006)care to enhance the success of the project(Uzsoy et al.,
1992). This is basically ensured by doing some simulations(Price, 2003). The simulation is done
and this is illustrated as in the following procedure as shown in the diagram below(Golparvar-
Fard et al., 2009);

Electrical Power 3
After the simulation of the installation of the solar thermal generation plant can be obtained in
the following graph(Kisiel et al., 2006).
Electro-Optical Characteristic for the solar can be illustrated in the table below (Vanlaeke et al.,
2006)

Electrical Power 4
In the simulation process for the solar can be shown in the following diagram(Duffie and
Beckman, 2013)
Fig: Showing solar plant series Simulink Model (Ropp and Gonzalez, 2009)

Electrical Power 5
In the simulation of the whole power plant the setup which the team management should
consider can be illustrated in the diagram below(Flin et al., 2002, Manenti and Ravaghi-Ardebili,
2013);
Fig; Showing the whole plant simulation (Herrmann et al., 2004)
For the team manager they need to calculate the amount of energy produced from the solar
energy which will be employed to warm the water to produce the steam(Montes et al., 2009).
This is done by the following formula(Herrmann et al., 2004)
E=A ×r× H× PR . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Electrical Power 6
Where E = Energy (kWh), A = Total solar panel Area (m2), r = solar panel yield or efficiency, H
= Annual average solar radiation on tilted panels the shading parts are not included and PR =
Performance ratio, the coefficient for losses(Schlaich, 1995).
The meteorological data can be provided to the software in a five minutes resolution(Al Shamisi
et al., 2011, Schlaich et al., 2005). And for this it can be shown by the following controller
algorithm;
Fig: Showing a control algorithm. equation (Katzenstein and Apt, 2008)
And the efficiency of the production is illustrated by the following equation (Katzenstein and
Apt, 2008)
Ƞ= g × H
Cp× T 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 2

Electrical Power 7
And during the installation there are some issues which are associated with the
installation, these must be completely dealt with (Chu and Majumdar, 2012, Pretorius and
Kröger, 2006, Suresh et al., 2010, Mills, 2010). A large generating station like this face
challenges like an insufficient fund(Hill et al., 2012). Thermal solar always uses very expensive
semiconductor materials which generate electrical energy from solar energy(Aragonés-Beltrán et
al., 2014). It is as well expensive to keep such large firm running (Miralas, 2012). (Zhang et al.,
2013).
The team management should ensure a correct connection of the solar plants(Reddy et
al., 2013, Behar et al., 2013) to ensure that the issues like accidents(Singh, 2013) and poor
working of the components(Tsoutsos et al., 2005). In the connection, the heat generated from
the solar PV is directed to the steam boiler which is then employed in the rotation of the
turbines(Carrasco et al., 2006). These turbines are coupled to the generators which are used to
generate electrical energy(Crabtree and Lewis, 2007). With the correct arrangement of these
components, problems like bursting of pipes due to higher pressure from the steam-water can
eradicate(Herrmann and Kearney, 2002). In some cases, there may be less amount of heat
generated by the solar plant due to wrong types of solar (Avila-Marin et al., 2013)PV used and to
eradicate this problem parabolic solar PV are employed to help concentrate(Xu et al., 2011,
Pickhardt and Da Silva, 1998) the amount of heat generated(Denholm and Margolis, 2007). This
will help to eradicate the issues of less amount of heat produced which will hence require a
supplement of heat via heating(Dersch et al., 2004).

Electrical Power 8
PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND TEAM MANAGEMENT
For a better management of this project, the team members need to ensure a perfect
communication between them to come into agreement on some issues (Gareis, 2002)which may
fully hinder the perfect operation of the project(Scott-Young and Samson, 2008). The team
management should perfectly manage the project through proper usage of funds in the project as
well as perfect communication between them(Guthrie et al., 1999). The main issue which the
team should look at first is the attainment of a clear land where there is no hindrance to the solar
illumination(Turney and Fthenakis, 2011). Albeit the team management won’t avoid these
problems from occurring (Baomingr) but the team management will get a cordial solution for
this problem that arises in the progress of this project (Evans et al., 2009). Hence by discussion
between them, the issues which occur will be solved (Gladieux and Sadhu, 2007) and this will
make the project done impeccably(Burke, 2013).
PROPOSED PLAN FOR THE COMPLETION OF THIS PROJECT
Having a perfect proposed plan which will help the team management to complete the project
is very significant for this project(Raz and Michael, 2001). This is because with the proposed
plan the team management will do as per their plan and they can eliminate these issues which
occur during the installation of the project(Grafton, 2011).
First Phase: (16/03/18 )
Getting agreement from the legal authority to help in the attainment of land for
the construction of the project(Dvir and Lechler, 2004).

Electrical Power 9
Second Phase: ( 30/03/18)
Order the components required for the installation of the project and then install
them(Henderson-Sellers et al., 1995).
Third Phase: (30/04/18)
Testing of the project software to check if the proposed project works perfectly
for the prototype(Heller et al., 2006).
Fourth Phase: (20/05/18)
After doing the software testing the real project is then installed and check for the
functionality(Thiam et al., 2017)
Fifth Phase: (2/06/18)
Workers will then be trained perfectly on how they will operate the whole system
during the operation (Nelson et al., 1995) and the whole project will then be
implemented(Hennecke et al., 2008).

Electrical Power 10
References
AL SHAMSI, M. H., ASSI, A. H. & HEJASE, H. A. 2011. Using MATLAB to develop artificial
neural network models for predicting global solar radiation in Al Ain City–UAE.
Engineering education and research using MATLAB. InTech.
ARAGONÉS-BELTRÁN, P., CHAPARRO-GONZÁLEZ, F., PASTOR-FERRANDO, J.-P. &
PLA-RUBIO, A. 2014. An AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)/ANP (Analytic Network
Process)-based multi-criteria decision approach for the selection of solar-thermal power
plant investment projects. Energy, 66, 222-238.
AVILA-MARIN, A. L., FERNANDEZ-RECHE, J. & TELLEZ, F. M. 2013. Evaluation of the
potential of central receiver solar power plants: configuration, optimization, and trends.
Applied energy, 112, 274-288.
BAOMINGR, L. Engineering Management: the human-4tehologyinteface.
BEHAR, O., KHALAF, A. & MOHAMMEDI, K. 2013. A review of studies on central receiver
solar thermal power plants. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 23, 12-39.
BIRNBAUM, J., ECK, M., FICHTNER, M., HIRSCH, T., LEHMANN, D. & ZIMMERMANN,
G. 2010. A direct steam generation solar power plant with integrated thermal storage.
Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 132, 031014.
BOSCH, J. L. & KLEISSL, J. 2013. Cloud motion vectors from a network of ground sensors in a
solar power plant. Solar Energy, 95, 13-20.
BURKE, R. 2013. Project management: planning and control techniques. New Jersey, USA.
CARRASCO, J. M., TRANQUILO, L. G., BIALASIEWICZ, J. T., GALVÁN, E.,
PORTILLOGUISADO, R. C., PRATS, M. M., LEÓN, J. I. & MORENO-ALFONSO, N.

Electrical Power 11
2006. Power-electronic systems for the grid integration of renewable energy sources: A
survey. IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, 53, 1002-1016.
CHU, S. & MAJUMDAR, A. 2012. Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future.
nature, 488, 294.
CRABTREE, G. W. & LEWIS, N. S. 2007. Solar energy conversion. Physics today, 60, 37-42.
DENHOLM, P. & MARGOLIS, R. M. 2007. Evaluating the limits of solar photovoltaics (PV) in
traditional electric power systems. Energy policy, 35, 2852-2861.
DERSCH, J., GEYER, M., HERRMANN, U., JONES, S. A., KELLY, B., KISTNER, R.,
ORTMANNS, W., PITZ-PAAL, R. & PRICE, H. 2004. Trough integration into power
plants—a study on the performance and economy of integrated solar combined cycle
systems. Energy, 29, 947-959.
DRUCKER, E. R. 1976. Solar power plant. Google Patents.
DUFFIE, J. A. & BECKMAN, W. A. 2013. Solar engineering of thermal processes, John Wiley
& Sons.
DVIR, D. & LECHLER, T. 2004. Plans are nothing, changing plans is everything: the impact of
changes on project success. Research Policy, 33, 1-15.
EVANS, A., STREZOV, V. & EVANS, T. J. 2009. Assessment of sustainability indicators for
renewable energy technologies. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 13, 1082-
1088.
FLIN, R., O'CONNOR, P. & MEARNS, K. 2002. Crew resource management: improving team
work in high-reliability industries. Team performance management: an international
journal, 8, 68-78.

Electrical Power 12
GARCÍA, I. L., ÁLVAREZ, J. L. & BLANCO, D. 2011. Performance model for parabolic
trough solar thermal power plants with thermal storage: Comparison to operating plant
data. Solar Energy, 85, 2443-2460.
GAREIS, R. Professional project portfolio management. IPMA World Congress, Berlin, 2002.
4.
GLADIEUX, T. F. & SADHU, A. 2007. Automating document reviews in a project management
system. Google Patents.
GOLPARVAR-FARD, M., PEÑA-MORA, F., ARBOLEDA, C. A. & LEE, S. 2009.
Visualization of construction progress monitoring with 4D simulation model overlaid on
time-lapsed photographs. Journal of computing in civil engineering, 23, 391-404.
GRAFTON, R. Q. 2011. 14. Economic Costs and Benefits of the Proposed Basin Plan. Basin
Futures, 245.
GUTHRIE, J., OLSON, O. & HUMPHREY, C. 1999. Debating developments in new public
financial management: the limits of global theorizing and some new ways forward.
Financial Accountability & Management, 15, 209-228.
HELLER, P., PFÄNDER, M., DENK, T., TELLEZ, F., VALVERDE, A., FERNANDEZ, J. &
RING, A. 2006. Test and evaluation of a solar-powered gas turbine system. Solar
Energy, 80, 1225-1230.
HENDERSON-SELLERS, A., PITMAN, A., LOVE, P., IRANNEJAD, P. & CHEN, T. 1995.
The project for intercomparison of land surface parameterization schemes (PILPS):
Phases 2 and 3. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 76, 489-503.
HENNECKE, K., SCHWARZBÖZL, P., KOLL, G., BEUTER, M., HOFFSCHMIDT, B.,
GÖTTSCHE, J. & HARTZ, T. The solar power Tower Jülich—a solar thermal power

Electrical Power 13
plant for test and demonstration of air receiver technology. Proceedings of ISES World
Congress 2007 (Vol. I–Vol. V), 2008. Springer, 1749-1753.
HERRMANN, U. & KEARNEY, D. W. 2002. Survey of thermal energy storage for parabolic
trough power plants. Journal of solar energy engineering, 124, 145-152.
HERRMANN, U., KELLY, B. & PRICE, H. 2004. Two-tank molten salt storage for parabolic
trough solar power plants. Energy, 29, 883-893.
HILL, C. A., SUCH, M. C., CHEN, D., GONZALEZ, J. & GRADY, W. M. 2012. Battery
energy storage for enabling integration of distributed solar power generation. IEEE
Transactions on smart grid, 3, 850-857.
KALOGIROU, S. A. 2004. Solar thermal collectors and applications. Progress in energy and
combustion science, 30, 231-295.
KARNAUKHOV, A. & GOLDSHTEIN, Y. 2003. Solar power plant. Google Patents.
KATZENSTEIN, W. & APT, J. 2008. Air emissions due to the wind and solar power. ACS
Publications.
KISIEL, A., TAŁUĆ, T., BRONIKOWSKI, W. & FLORKOWSKI, W. 2006. TERMINATOR:
Thermal heavy-ion generator. Computer Physics Communications, 174, 669-687.
MANENTI, F. & RAVAGHI-ARDEBILI, Z. 2013. Dynamic simulation of concentrating solar
power plant and two-tanks direct thermal energy storage. Energy, 55, 89-97.
MILLS, A. 2010. Implications of wide-area geographic diversity for the short-term variability of
solar power.
MIRALLES, J. 2012. Electrotechnology for Development, Birmingham, IEEE.

Electrical Power 14
MONTES, M., ABÁNADES, A., MARTINEZ-VAL, J. & VALDÉS, M. 2009. Solar multiple
optimizations for a solar-only thermal power plant, using oil as heat transfer fluid in the
parabolic trough collectors. Solar Energy, 83, 2165-2176.
NELSON, R. R., WHITENER, E. M. & PHILCOX, H. H. 1995. The assessment of end-user
training needs. Communications of the ACM, 38, 27-39.
PEHNT, M. 2006. Dynamic life cycle assessment (LCA) of renewable energy technologies.
Renewable energy, 31, 55-71.
PICKHARDT, R. & DA SILVA, R. N. Application of a nonlinear predictive controller to a solar
power plant. Control Applications, 1998. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International
Conference on, 1998. IEEE, 6-10.
PRETORIUS, J. & KRÖGER, D. 2006. Critical evaluation of solar chimney power plant
performance. Solar Energy, 80, 535-544.
PRICE, H. A parabolic trough solar power plant simulation model. ASME 2003 International
Solar Energy Conference, 2003. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 665-673.
RAMEZ, J. 2013. The Infinite Resource: The Power of Ideas on a Finite Planet, Stoke, UPNE.
RAZ, T. & MICHAEL, E. 2001. Use and benefits of tools for project risk management.
International journal of project management, 19, 9-17.
REDDY, V. S., KAUSHIK, S., RANJAN, K. & TYAGI, S. 2013. State-of-the-art of solar
thermal power plants—A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 27, 258-
273.
ROPP, M. E. & GONZALEZ, S. 2009. Development of a MATLAB/Simulink model of a single-
phase grid-connected photovoltaic system. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 24,
195-202.

Electrical Power 15
SCHLAICH, J. 1995. The solar chimney: electricity from the sun, Edition Axel Menges.
SCHLAICH, J., BERGMANN, R., SCHIEL, W. & WEINREBE, G. 2005. Design of
commercial solar updraft tower systems—utilization of solar induced convective flows
for power generation. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 127, 117-124.
SCOTT-YOUNG, C. & SAMSON, D. 2008. Project success and project team management:
Evidence from capital projects in the process industries. Journal of Operations
Management, 26, 749-766.
SINGH, G. K. 2013. Solar power generation by PV (photovoltaic) technology: A review.
Energy, 53, 1-13.
SURESH, M., REDDY, K. & KOLAR, A. K. 2010. 4-E (Energy, Energy, Environment, and
Economic) analysis of solar thermal aided coal-fired power plants. Energy for
sustainable development, 14, 267-279.
THIAM, A., MBOW, C., FAYE, M., STOUFFS, P. & AZILINON, D. 2017. Assessment of
Hybrid Concentrated Solar Power-Biomass Plant Generation Potential in the Sahel: Case
Study of Senegal. Natural Resources, 8, 531.
TSOUTSOS, T., FRANTZESKAKI, N. & GEKAS, V. 2005. Environmental impacts from the
solar energy technologies. Energy Policy, 33, 289-296.
TURNER, J. A. 2004. Sustainable hydrogen production. Science, 305, 972-974.
TURNEY, D. & FTHENAKIS, V. 2011. Environmental impacts from the installation and
operation of large-scale solar power plants. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,
15, 3261-3270.

Electrical Power 16
UZSOY, R., LEE, C.-Y. & MARTIN-VEGA, L. A. 1992. A review of production planning and
scheduling models in the semiconductor industry part I: system characteristics,
performance evaluation, and production planning. IIE Transactions, 24, 47-60.
VANLAEKE, P., SWINNEN, A., HALDERMAN, I., VAN HOLLAND, G., AERNOUTS, T.,
CHEYNS, D., DEIBEL, C., D'HAEN, J., HEREMANS, P. & POORTMANS, J. 2006.
P3HT/PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cells: Relation between morphology and electro-
optical characteristics. Solar energy materials and solar cells, 90, 2150-2158.
XU, C., WANG, Z., LI, X. & SUN, F. 2011. Energy and exergy analysis of solar power tower
plants. Applied Thermal Engineering, 31, 3904-3913.
ZARZA, E., ROJAS, M. E., GONZALEZ, L., CABALLERO, J. M. & RUEDA, F. 2006.
INDITEP: The first pre-commercial DSG solar power plant. Solar Energy, 80, 1270-
1276.
ZHANG, H., BAEYENS, J., DEGRÈVE, J. & CACÈRES, G. 2013. Concentrated solar power
plants: Review and design methodology. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,
22, 466-481.