Analysis of Fibromyalgia Prevalence in Medical Outpatient Department

This report presents a study on the prevalence of fibromyalgia among patients attending the Medical Outpatient Department (OPD) at The Indus Hospital. The study aimed to determine the percentage of patients with fibromyalgia presenting with chronic fatigue and generalized body pain, as well as identify associated factors. Data analysis included frequency tables, descriptive statistics (mean, variance, range, and standard deviation), and statistical techniques to explore factors linked to fibromyalgia. Key findings reveal a higher prevalence among females across age groups, with the 24-28 age bracket showing the highest number of cases. Descriptive statistics provide insights into patient demographics like age and income, along with the duration and onset of symptoms. The analysis also categorizes the time when participants noticed symptoms, differentiating between males and females and noting associated events. The report provides a detailed breakdown of the study's methodology, results, and interpretations, offering valuable information for understanding the prevalence and characteristics of fibromyalgia within this patient population.

Running head: PREVALENCE OF FIBROMYALGIA 1
Prevalence of Fibromyalgia in patients presenting to Medical OPD at The Indus Hospital
Name of student:
Name of institution:

PREVALENCE OF FIBROMYALGIA 2
Prevalence of Fibromyalgia in patients presenting to Medical OPD at The Indus Hospital
Data analysis
The data analysis was conducted to meet the objectives of the study. The study had two
objectives; to determining the percentage of patients with Fibromyalgia presenting to
international medicine clinics with complaints of chronic fatigue of at least 6 weeks and
generalized body pain and to determine the factors associated with fibromyalgia in this patient
population. The results and interpretation are outlined in the sections that follow (HowardR,
2018).
Table 1 outlines the percentage of patients with Fibromyalgia. The frequency and
percentage of patients have been categorized by age and sex (male or female) to give a
comparative analysis between the two sex categories. The frequency table demonstrates that
generally, females had a higher number of cases of Fibromyalgia across the age groups. The
number of females who had reported Fibromyalgia cases (191) was significantly higher than the
corresponding number of males (72) (Slebodnik, Hermer, & Pardon, 2018).
The results also demonstrate that the age group with the highest cases of Fibromyalgia
was 24-28 age bracket with 14.45% of the total cases. On the other hand, the age group with the
lowest number of cases of Fibromyalgia was 74-78 age bracket with only 3 cases (1.14% of the
total cases). The other observation is that those who are mid-aged are, between 19 years and 58
years old reported relatively higher numbers of Fibromyalgia cases compared to those below age
19 as well as those above age 58 (Athina, Lars, Dick, & Paul, 2017).
Table 1: A frequency table of age by sex
Age Female Male Frequency Percentage Frequency
(blank) 8 1 9 3.42%
14-18 7 2 9 3.42%
19-23 13 1 14 5.32%
24-28 30 8 38 14.45%
29-33 18 15 33 12.55%
34-38 19 7 26 9.89%
39-43 21 11 32 12.17%
44-48 17 9 26 9.89%
49-53 22 5 27 10.27%
54-58 13 3 16 6.08%

PREVALENCE OF FIBROMYALGIA 3
59-63 7 5 12 4.56%
64-68 9 2 11 4.18%
69-73 5 1 6 2.28%
74-78 2 1 3 1.14%
1984-1988 1 1 0.38%
Grand Total 191 72 263 100.00%
The other analysis was the descriptive statistics. The descriptive statistics analysis gives
the summary of the numerical variables such as the mean, the variance, the range, and the
standard deviation. For example, the average age of the participants was 40.12 years. The oldest
participant was 75 years old while the youngest participant was 17 years old. The difference in
age between the oldest and the youngest participant was 58 years. The variance of the ages of the
participants was 207.461 and the standard deviation was 14.404 (Sarah & Joanne, 2018).
The average amount of income among the employed participants was $26356.13. The
participant who was earning the highest amount of income $100000 while the least amount of
income earned by the participants was $27. Therefore, the difference between the highest earning
participant and the lowest earning participant was $99973. The variance of the monthly earnings
of the participants was 262090223.640. On the other hand, the standard deviation of the earnings
was 1618.201 (Sushma, 2017).
The lowest number of days of the symptoms was 1 day while the highest number of days
of the symptom was 20 days. Therefore, the difference between the lowest number of days of the
symptoms and the highest number of days of the symptom was 19. The average number of days
of the symptom was 4.378. The variance of the duration of the symptom was 12.495 while the
standard deviation was 3.5348 (Loeb, et al., 2017).
The results also demonstrate that the least number of days that the patients take to notice
the symptoms is 1 day. On the other hand, the greatest number of days that the patients take to

PREVALENCE OF FIBROMYALGIA 4
notice the symptoms is 20 days. Therefore, the difference between the least number of days and
the greatest number of days that the patients take to notice the symptoms of Fibromyalgia is 19
days. The average number of days that the patients take to notice the symptoms is 4.963 days
(below 6 days). The standard deviation of the number of days that the patients take to notice the
symptoms is 3.7890 while the variance is 14.356 (Elif, Seray, & Belva, 2018).
Table 2: Descriptive Statistics
N Range Minimum Maximum Sum Mean Std.
Deviation
Variance
Age
(years)
184 58 17 75 7382 40.12 14.404 207.461
Monthly
income
184 99973 27 100000 4849527 26356.13 16189.201 262090223.640
Duration
of
symptoms
(days)
184 19.0 1.0 20.0 805.5 4.378 3.5348 12.495
When did
you first
notice the
symptoms
(dys)
184 19.0 1.0 20.0 913.2 4.963 3.7890 14.356
Valid N
(listwise)
184
N Range Minimum Maximum Sum Mean Std.
Deviation
Variance
ss_scorew2a 182 3 0 3 285 1.57 .925 .855
ss_scorec2a 182 3 0 3 272 1.49 .846 .715
SS_score.2b 183 19 1 20 407 2.22 2.637 6.955
SS_score.2b.2 183 23 2 25 790 4.32 3.258 10.613
SS_score.2b.3 180 26 3 29 1340 7.44 5.821 33.880
SS_score.2b.4 174 35 4 39 2089 12.01 8.856 78.433
SS_score.2b.5 147 33 5 38 2073 14.10 8.688 75.476
SS_score.2b.6 120 33 6 39 1964 16.37 9.174 84.167

PREVALENCE OF FIBROMYALGIA 5
SS_score.2b.7 101 32 7 39 1868 18.50 9.749 95.052
SS_score.2b.8 88 31 8 39 1766 20.07 9.000 81.007
SS_score.2b.9 77 31 9 40 1699 22.06 8.753 76.614
Valid N
(listwise)
76
The analysis also involved statistical techniques of the factors associated with
Fibromyalgia. The table below shows the categorization of the time (in days) when the
participants noticed the symptoms. The first table is for the female participants and the second
table is the for the male participants. The table demonstrates that some participants gave the
responses in terms of the number of days while others gave the responses relative to the events.
The table demonstrates that majority of the females started noticing the symptoms after the first
day. Similarly, a significantly large number of patients started noticing the symptoms after 6 days
(a total of 19 patients started noticing the symptoms after 6 days). The other responses of when
the symptoms started showing up included after birth and after the diagnosis of hyperthyroid. An
interesting observation is that females started noticing the symptom after the birth of their sons
(males children) (Boris, Martin, Matej, Anna, & Jana, 2018).
Row Labels Count of When did you first notice the symptoms
(dys)
Females 168
1 22
1.2 1
1.5 6
2 20
2.5 1
3 21
3.5 1
4 13
5 17
6 19
7 5

PREVALENCE OF FIBROMYALGIA 6
8 8
9 2
10 16
15 6
20 1
- 2
After birth of her son 1
After birth of son 1
After Delivery 1
After diagnosed of
hyperthyroid
1
After girl Delivery 1
Lost her son 1
When the son died 1
(blank)
The frequency table below represents the time of noticing the symptoms among the
males. The results demonstrate that majority of the males started noticing the symptoms only
after three days ( a total of 14 males started noticing the symptoms after three days). The number
of males who started noticing the symptom after six (6) days was significantly low (only 4 males
started noticing the symptoms after 6 days). The other factors that were mentioned by the men as
the beginning of the appearance of the symptoms of Fibromyalgia included: The abdominal pain
since childhood, just prior to metric, and when diagnosed with hyperthyroid.
Row Labels Count of When did you first notice the symptoms
(days)
Males 66
1 4
1.5 5
2 10
3 14
4 3
5 10
6 4
7 3
8 1
10 5

PREVALENCE OF FIBROMYALGIA 7
14 1
15 1
20 1
Abdominal pain since
childhood
1
B.Com 1
Prior to metric 1
when diagnosed as
hyperthyroid
1
(blank)
Grand Total 234
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PREVALENCE OF FIBROMYALGIA 8
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