This report provides an analysis of problem-solving and decision-making, particularly in the context of NHS hospitals facing workforce shortages. It examines the impact of these issues on employees and organizations, utilizing a PESTLE analysis and cause-and-effect analysis, including a Fishbone diagram, to identify factors contributing to absenteeism. The report proposes solutions to reduce absenteeism, including creating attendance policies, rewarding good attendance, addressing unsanctioned absences, improving the work environment, and offering flexible working arrangements. An implementation plan is outlined, covering goal setting, responsibility assignment, scheduling, resource allocation, and metric definition. The report also discusses methods for measuring the effectiveness of decisions, considering decision quality, situation analysis, results, risk assessment, and effort versus results evaluation, ultimately concluding that effective problem-solving is crucial for overcoming challenges and achieving organizational goals.