Comprehensive Report: TV Program Production Stages and Processes

This report provides a comprehensive overview of the TV program production process, detailing the three main stages: pre-production, production, and post-production. Pre-production involves concept development, research, crew selection, and storyboarding. The production stage encompasses the actual shooting, including managing actors, controlling the set, and resolving on-location issues, with directors and camera operators focusing on aesthetic compositions. The report also highlights the use of various advanced cameras. Post-production involves editing, adding graphics, music, and special effects using software like Power Director, Final Cut Pro, or Premier Pro. The control room's role in managing production and post-production is also discussed, along with the financial aspects of budgeting. The report references several sources to support the information provided.

Running head: TV PROGRAM
TV Program Production
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TV PROGRAM
Pre-Production
Like all other audio visual programs, television programs also include three definite
stages of production that are Pre-production, production and post production. The pre production
is the activities that happen before the actual shooting stats inside the studio like the concept
development, research, deciding upon the crew members and arranging properties and
equipments. Now story boarding has also become a significant part of the pre production as these
will help in the following stages greatly (Compesi 2015).
Production
In the Production stage the script is materialized through shooting. This step is based on
handing the actors or participants, crowd controlling, managing the shoot without any problems
and resolving the problems immediately in the location. During this stage the directors and
camera persons set the lights, decides the framings and focus on the aesthetic compositions. Now
many programmers also shoot the B roll footages that will be utilized during the preparation of
final product (Rav-Acha and Boiman 2016). The producer manages the program budget and
coordinates among the technical and non technical units. He is also responsible for coordinating
among the advertising agencies, talents and writers. The floor manager is a key person in the
production stage at any TV station and gives the talents the time cues and manages any other
unexpected occurrences on the set.

TV PROGRAM
The Recording
The set has to be built in which the talents will be performing. In a live television
program there is a host. A camera person operates the camera and decides the zoom; pan and
what types are shot to be taken. Various advanced cameras like SONY F55s WITH THE Old
Cooke Panchros lens, Arri Alexa Mini with Canon K35 prime lense or Zeiss T2.1 prime lense or
Arricam Lite with Leica Summilux-C Prime lens are used for high quality TV fiction programs
however for multi-camera set up shooting floor live programs Hitachi’s 3-CCD ZZ-HD5000
camcorder or NEX-EA50EH and Ikegami HDK-77EC CMOS camera systems are getting more
popularity (O'Falt 2017). For the live telecast there is a clock set in the front of the camera and a
teleprompter that prompts the host or anchor or at time the actors what to tell.
Post Production
Generally in television stations the post production occurs simultaneously with the
production of the program. The post production is the final stage of giving the program a final
shape that would be presented to the viewers. The footages are captured and then graphics,
music, images, color correction and special effects are added in this stage. Editing software like
Power Director, Final Cut Pro or Premier Pro is used by the industry experts (Leirpoll et al.
2017).
The Control Room
In the TV station the control room is the most significant area that managers the
production and post production both. There is a technical director who decides and instructs
which shots should finally be recorded as there are generally multiple cameras are actively
recording the live program. The television director works hand in hand with the technical

TV PROGRAM
director in deciding the shots. Basically the director instructs the technical director and he directs
the floor manager and camera operators. The assistant director keeps track of the time and the
audio person who monitors the audio levels.
The Financial Aspect
Another key apart of the production of TV program is the budgeting as this helps to keep
the expanses of the production under control. Prior to shooting, each step of the product must be
listed and the cost should be considered so that it would be easier to account the cost at each step
of the production (Sherman and Waterman 2016).

TV PROGRAM
Reference
Compesi, R., 2015. Video field production and editing. CRC Press.
Leirpoll, J., Osborn, D., Murphy, P. and Edwards, A., 2017. Multi-Camera Editing. In The Cool
Stuff in Premiere Pro (pp. 363-407). Apress, Berkeley, CA.
O'Falt, C. (2017). From ‘Black Mirror’ To ‘Westworld,’ Here Are The Cameras That Shot The
Year’s Best TV Shows. [Online] Indiewire. Available At:
Http://Www.Indiewire.Com/2017/08/Emmy-2017-Camera-Nominated-Cinematographers-
1201868305/ [Accessed 27 Oct. 2017].
Rav-Acha, A. and Boiman, O., Magisto Ltd., 2016. Method and system for automatic B-roll
video production. U.S. Patent 9,524,752.
Sherman, R. and Waterman, D., 2016. 22. The economics of online video
entertainment. Handbook on the Economics of the Internet, p.458.