Programming (ICN) Report: Employee Pay Calculation Program Development

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PROGRAMMING (ICN)

Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
LO1: Define basic algorithms to carry out an operation and outline the process of programming
an application...................................................................................................................................4
Algorithm.....................................................................................................................................4
Steps in the Application Building................................................................................................4
LO2: Explain the characteristics of procedural, object-orientated and event-driven programming,
conduct an analysis of a suitable Integrated Development Environment (IDE).............................4
Difference between several programming paradigms.................................................................4
Relationship or Similarities between Event Driven Programming, Procedural Programming
and Object Oriented Programming paradigms............................................................................5
Integrated Development Environment (Visual Studio 2017 or IDLE)........................................6
Evaluation of Source Code..........................................................................................................7
LO3: Implement basic algorithms in code using an IDE................................................................8
LO4: Determine the debugging process and explain the importance of a coding standard..........10
Process of Debugging................................................................................................................10
Importance of coding standard..................................................................................................10
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................12
Reference.......................................................................................................................................13

Introduction
The report is based on the development of a program that can calculate the pay of the employees
on a monthly basis that is based on the sales produced by the employees. The report will first
discuss the different algorithms that are required for carrying out an operation, then the process
of the programming will be outlined. The report will discuss the different procedural, object-
oriented and the event-driven programming paradigm along with their differences and the
similarities. Further, the report will discuss the debugging process that will be followed in the
development of the software and the importance of the code standard in the development of the
program.

LO1: Define basic algorithms to carry out an operation and outline the
process of programming an application
Algorithm
The solution of any problem is described by the algorithm according to the data that is required
for representing the instance of the problem and defines the steps that are required for producing
the proposed results. Programming languages required to provide a notational method for the
representation of the data and the processes in the development of an application. The algorithm
of a program describes the path for the development of the program after the conversion of the
algorithm into the understandable language (Migdalas et.al, 2013).
Steps in the Application Building
The sample data that is given is the base salary of the employees plus the wages. So first the
base salary in term of per month is calculated and cases were created according to the case
scenario that is provided. After that, the source code is generated. Machines codes are generated
and then the object files are created. This is followed by linking the libraries and the files of the
object into a file that is executable. Lastly, the file that is executable is copied and the program is
run until the requirement is matched with the scenario that is mentioned from the point of entry.
The execution of the code in python refers to the execution of the byte code that is created
according to the scenario which is then stored in the .pyc file (Edwards et.al, 2014).
LO2: Explain the characteristics of procedural, object-orientated and event-
driven programming, conduct an analysis of a suitable Integrated
Development Environment (IDE)
Difference between several programming paradigms
Basically, a programming paradigm refers to the process of the classification of programs.
Following are the main differences between the programming paradigms:

Event Driven Programming Procedural Programming Object-Oriented
Programming
It delivers interphase that is
graphical for the program
creation.
It basically delivers the
interface based on the
character for writing the
commands.
It basically delivers writing of
the commands in terms of
modules.
In the event, driven
programming paradigm
events basically define the
actions. The occurrences of
these events are depended on
the clicking of the mouse or
moving the strokes of the
keyboard.
Linear fashion is followed in
the writing of the commands
and the execution of the
program also follows the
linear fashion.
Performing certain task
functions and object are
basically prepared in the
object-oriented programming
paradigm.
The main focus of event-
driven programming is
selecting the interface for the
user.
The main focus of procedural
programming steps
executions.
The main focuses of the
object-oriented programming
paradigm are the data’s and
the objects and basically
focus on securing the data
from the access of the
unauthorized personals.
The language that commonly
follows the event-driven
paradigms are C# and visual
basic.
The languages that commonly
follow the Procedural
Programming paradigm are
COBOL, Basic and Fortran.
The languages that commonly
follow the object-oriented
programming paradigm are
C++, JAVA, and Smalltalk
(McClurg et.al, 2029).
Relationship or Similarities between Event Driven Programming, Procedural
Programming and Object Oriented Programming paradigms
The programmers use this programming paradigms interchangeably due to some of its
similarities. For storing the application state and for changing the state variables are used in case
of procedural programming paradigm. But the main problem, in this case, is that the codes can
be accessed by any type of variables that makes the debugging of the code tough due to the
origination of faulty state at any of the positions. This also made the testing due to the changing
behaviors of the procedure according to the behavior of the variable. For addressing this issue
restricting the variables access is one of the solutions that is provided by object-oriented
programming and the other solution is restricting the modification of the Variables. The object is

the variables that only access the procedure that is assigned to them and they access the variables
that are included in the class that is known as methods that are apart from the procedures. Event-
driven programming is utilized in the case where spontaneous moments are to be addressed.
Event handlers can be added in object-oriented programming paradigms as well as in the
procedural paradigm. Event-based programming paradigm is concerned with writing the
procedures of the event handling and providing the core loop of the programming that is
delivered by the underlying system. The program based on the event is written with the use of
object-oriented methodology and style. So, there are no common similarities between these three
programming paradigms but they are nested with each other in some ways.
Python basically fits into the explanation of the object-oriented programming paradigm. Python
is basically multiparadigm Python can be used for writing libraries or the programs that are
largely object-oriented, functional or procedural in these languages (Liang et.al, 2013).
Integrated Development Environment (Visual Studio 2017 or IDLE)
Integrated Development Environment is basically for the testing and consolidation of any
software. Different tools are required during the creation of the software code, testing of the
codes and the building of the codes. Integrated development environment helps on the
integration of all the tool that is to be used separately for testing, creation, and building of the
codes. Integrated development environment helps in bringing the different tools used by the
developers together in a single framework, services or applications. This tool is basically
developed for making the process of the development of software easier and also for minimizing
the mistakes that are related to coding.
Some of the features of an Integrated Development Environment that can be accessed by a
developer are as follows:
IDE basically contains a combination of a debugger, an interpreter, an editor of the
code and a compiler that can be accessed using a single GUI (Graphical User
Interface). The source code is written by the user that is then the code editor edits the
source code which is then translated by the compiler into a language that is readable

that can be executed by the computer. Lastly for any kind of bug or issues in the
software, debugger we used for checking the software.
Features such as data modeling, programmable editor and object, testing of the units,
tools for build automation and library for the source code.
IDE facilitates features such as formatting f the source code, diagnostics f the error,
reporting of the error, organizing the codes based on color and completion of the code
intelligently.
IDE is typically designed for integrating the libraries for the third party control that
includes the Apache's Subversion and GitHub.
Integrated development environment basically supports MDD (Model Driven
Development). IDE enables a developer to translate code from a model, which is then
tested with the use of the other tools of IDE. High automation level is used for the
debugging of the code in IDE (Schuster et.al, 2015).
Evaluation of Source Code
The source code is specifically designed for facilitating the works that are required for the
development of any programs that basically defines the functions that are required to be
performed through the source code. The source code is used as an input for producing a program
that is executable. Source code is for communicating the different algorithm between the people
such as the code snippets. A compiler or an assembler transforms the source code into machine
code that is binary and can be understood by the computer. During the compilation and the
execution of any C program, some files are generated by the compiler with a similar name as per
the C program with other extensions. The C files are saved with extensions in a manner that the
compiler understands that it is a c program. The foremost file C is termed as the source file that
basically stores the coding of the program. After the compilation of the files the compiler search
for the errors in the program. If any error is spotted by the compiler then the compiler basically
stores the files as the object file. The linker then executes this process until it provides a file that
is executable. On reviewing the amount of source code that is to be implemented for the
development of an application in computing. Python is very flexible in terms of the
programming paradigm. For the generation of the source code an executable file is decompiled
(Sawano, 2014).

LO3: Implement basic algorithms in code using an IDE
Program Code:
Program Output:

Figure 1: Program Screen

LO4: Determine the debugging process and explain the importance of a
coding standard
Process of Debugging
Debugging is basically the method of removing and detecting the potential and the existing
errors in the code of the software that causes the software to crash or behave unexpectedly. For
preventing the improper functioning and the software system debugging id basically used for the
detection of the bugs. For starting the debugging processes the source code is to be detected first
and then fixing of the source code. The errors in the coding of the program at the different stages
of the program are dined by the prices of debugging. The execution of the program is traced step
by step through the evaluation of the values of the variables and whenever any bug is spotted the
execution is stopped at that place itself for resetting the values of the variables. There are
different types of debugging process interactive debugging, remote debugging, print debugging,
post mortem debugging and delta debugging. The debugging process that is followed is given
below:
Reproducing the problem that is produced.
The bug is then described by evaluating the source code. Forgetting the exact reasons
reason for the bug the inputs from the user are tested.
The snapshot of the program is then captured when the bud appears. After the spotting
of the bugs the values of the variables and program state at that point of time.
The snapshot is then analyzed based on action and the state and upon that the main
cause of the formation of the bug is determined.
The bug is then fixed ensuring that no bug appears (Kimmet, 2014).
Importance of coding standard
There can be different negative impacts of the standards od the coding are not defined as the
coders can use methods that are described by their own. Following are the importance of coding
standards:

Security Concerns: software is open to attacks when they are inconsistent, errors inside
the logic and contains bugs. The bugs in the programming arise generally due to faults
in the codes and coding practices that are poor that does not follow the standards.
Sire performance issues: If coding is not done properly then the site may encounter
certain issues that are related to the server interactions etc.
Enhance the efficiency of the process of the development of the software.
Help in the development of the programs that are not complex and are not vulnerable to
bugs.
Standards maintain consistency and make the program easily maintained.
Coding standard help in determining how coding can fox n the large applications.
Coding standards help in the reusing the codes that help in the efficient management of
the cost (Srinivasa et.al, 2014).