Impact of Delivery Methods on Stakeholder Engagement in Projects

This comprehensive essay explores the intersection of project delivery methods and stakeholder analysis in construction management. It discusses various contract types such as lump sum, cost-plus, design-build, and public-private partnerships (P3s), highlighting their respective advantages and disadvantages. The assignment delves into risk allocation strategies, emphasizing how different delivery models shift risks between clients and contractors. Key aspects of contract law are explored to understand the legal frameworks that govern these agreements. The role of stakeholders is critically analyzed, with a focus on effective communication and engagement strategies essential for project success. Additionally, negotiation tactics and conflict resolution methods are examined, providing insights into managing disputes and fostering collaborative relationships among parties involved in construction projects. Through case studies like the Channel Tunnel and Sydney Opera House, the essay illustrates real-world applications of these concepts, offering a nuanced understanding of how theoretical principles manifest in practice.

Below is the template

Introduction
The purpose of this report is to present a reflective writing on the learning that I have gained in my session of weekly portfolios. This report
presents the thoughts that I have gained after the classes. This report shows all the six relative topics that I have learnt in each week. The very first learning
outcome explains what I have learnt about the operation of complex and diverse non-government and government project contractual that is relevant to
the ranged of ICT, build agreements, and managed services. Second learning states about the common arguments using the logic, influence and persuasion
factors that could be commonly applied to the competing or/and conflicting stakeholder agendas. Third learning is all about what I have learnt with respect
to the methods of project, conflict management, project negotiation, and stakeholder engagement into the project and how to relate them with the
consisting asset lifecycles and technology standards. Similarly fourth fifth and sixth outcomes have been reported in the report that could explain my
learning through my perspective.
Learning Outcome 1
In the very first week, I get to know about the commercial planning that how techniques used in commercial planning for the implementation of
policies and strategies for building a commercial project in a successful manner. I also learnt about the commercial project that includes establishment of
buildings where commercial works could be carried out. Another concerning topic was commercial project management and commercial planning that
helped me in understanding the importance and impact of better planning. Their role is much important in the success of the project. I learned about the
essential keys that are vital in successful participation in large projects. The participants should have extra knowledge on related topics and I also get to
know how much important is the communication and cooperation between the individuals for the successful deployment of the project. It is also important
that ethical issues should be taken in account while targeting the goals and I interest should be identified at the very early stage before deploying the
project.
Following these objectives, I also get to know the importance of negotiation and time delay in the negotiation between the stakeholders. The
negotiation between the UK government and government of France let me conclude that the negotiation should be of a good level, it should take time but
not much delayed as it could lead to conflicts between the stakeholders. A better and time taking negotiations could lead to the possibilities of eliminating
certain conflicts that might affect the success of the project.
Summary
I have learnt so many objectives related to the successful deployment of the commercial planning and commercial projects including the role of the
project management and planning objectives. I have also learnt the importance of cooperation and communication including how to implement ethical
issues with respect to the project.

Evidence
Peña-Mora, F. and Tamaki, T., 2001. Effect of delivery systems on collaborative negotiations for large-scale infrastructure projects. Journal of Management
in Engineering, 17(2), pp.105-121.
Learning Outcome 2
Moving forward I get to know about the importance of communication between the stakeholders and how important is this agenda in relevance to
the success of a project. I get to know about the consequences of the communication or negotiation in a positive manner. Successful negotiation includes
proper cooperation and coordination of understanding between the individuals involved in the negotiation. In the collaborative negotiation methodology,
cultural dimensions of the participants does impact the flow and success of the project as representatives from different background might feel conflict to
represent the other background. Types of contract that is being negotiated plays an important role as, the results that are deriving after the negotiation
might impact the performance of the suppliers that in return will impact the ability of the contractor to produce and develop a system with specific
requirements. The main understanding behind these researches let me know that communication and negotiation at certain topics could led to the
elimination of certain conflicts that might affect the growth of any project and by correct methodology and procedure we can eliminate the conflicts and
lead the project to a grand success.
Summary
Negotiation between the stakeholders on their respective agendas with correct methodology and influence could minimize the impact of conflicts
and led to the better communication and successful implementation of the project. Types of contract is also a considering factor for eliminating the facts
related to the conflict or types of conflicts that might rise between the stakeholders due to misunderstanding and mismatched thoughts on a particular
point or objectives.
Evidence
PMI., 2013a.A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute.
Learning Outcome 3
This part was very interesting for me where I get to know about the methods for negotiating in the project, stakeholder engagement and conflict
management across the projects consisting of variety of asset lifecycle and technology standards. I get to learn that some of the questions related to the
cultural dimensions and project negotiations seem to be the relevant topics that could raise the conflicts between the stakeholders that have particular
contribution to the project. Negotiation can be referred to bringing everyone to the particular point of thought for the betterment of the whole project and

to bring success to the project. Conflict management can be the best approach to solve the objectives related to the conflicts arising between the
stakeholders on the agendas from their perspective. It could help the individuals to solve the issues or bargain the issues to a point where the overall gain
will reflect the success of the project. I also learnt that engagement of stakeholders does not mean only engaging with words or work rather word and work
of the respective individuals should be contributed in the project management processes and present their crucial thoughts and thinking on the particular
objectives related to the deployment of the project and make it successful.
Summary
Overall, it can be concluded that negotiating the project and stakeholder engagement as stated above could be the part of the conflict management
across the project, as conflict management covers all the aspects related to the involvement and contribution of the stakeholder engagement while
negotiating the project. Conflict management could lead to the positive possibilities for eliminating the conflicts between the stakeholders that might affect
the project.
Evidence
Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute.
Learning Outcome 4
This week was helpful in understanding the facts related to the methods that could be helpful in indentifying the inconsistent objectives that could
be helpful in managing the communication between the stakeholders. I have compiled the communication and cooperation methods that are relevant to
the topics that I have discussed above or not. I get to know that they were certainly relevant to the topics that have been discussed above and cooperation
and proper communication is the key to the development of very good and effective relationship between the key stakeholders. It was relevant because the
success of the project can be described as proportional to the good behavior and relationship between the stakeholders and they could manage themselves
according to the nature of the complexity between them. I also understand that participating in the conflict management and considering the objectives of
the both side could be helpful in highlighting the areas or sectors where the conflict is arising. I get to know that focus could be given on those particular
areas in manner to bargain the possibilities. Project management frameworks and standards could be helpful in a project that could be utilized to involve
analysis of various ways of commercial procurement and negotiation of the operations that are being conducted in the project management. I learnt how
contract law can be helpful in reconciling and identifying the conflicting and inconsistent drivers and the objectives that could be helpful in maintaining,
developing, and managing the relationships with the key stakeholders and also communication between them.

Summary
This week was profitable for me in understanding the objectives corresponding to the methods of negotiation in the project on the drivers that
might provide positive responses in maintaining the proper communication with the stakeholders. I also understand the impacts related to the negotiating
projects and eliminating conflicts.
Evidence
PMI. 2013a.A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute.
Learning Outcome 5
After the research, I get to know that the questions that had been asked in the first week were relevant as those could lead to the alteration in
budget estimation, productivity might start declining, and event the project could end. Following week I understand how project delay could be affecting
the budget of the whole project and this could be a very big issue for the completion of project according to the plan. I also learnt that this might lead to the
dissatisfaction among the customers and related consumers regarding their roles and responsibilities in the project. It was also very clear to me that
delaying the project could cause various issues in many secytors regarding the loss of monetary among the employees by their respective leaders or higher
grade employees that will be responsible for their productivity as well as it could also lead to decline in the productivity as discussed earlier. It could be
described as the greatest issue or cause that might lead to the involvement of commercial negotiation and the team who is responsible for the completion
of the project will have to prepare a contingency for the mitigation of the issues that are budding due to project delay. Based on the learning that I gained,
it can be said that formation or documentation of project procurement and negotiation documents would lead to the formation of obligatory and sufficient
development of the project integration management. I can also refer that the Project Negotiation in Private and Government organization will be willing to
establish the use of surrogacy planning in manner to improve the objectives that have been performing within the project integration management.
Summary
It can be summarized in a small manner that learned the consequences of the project disruption, alteration, delay, and changes in planned
activities. I have also learnt the methods for claiming liquidated damage, variations, arbitration, and contract entitlements.
Evidence
Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Control, 11th Edition. Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & sons.

Learning Outcome 6
After the completion of all my courses, I get to know that the project agreements and contracts could be very much helpful in serving the purpose
of the project negotiation in a private or a government organization. I learnt how stakeholder documents and project progress could be helpful for
evaluating the concepts of the avoidance of the provide conflict solutions through the negotiated resolutions. The objectives that need to be involved in the
solutions for the operation activities within the project of commercial negotiation are contract documents, the negotiation, and the agreement methods of
final offer arbitration. I learned about the tools that could be helpful in learning and resolving the issues related with the problems for which there is
compromise, conflict, confront and use power. The initial step should be to get a clear understanding of the interest. Then the people in the negotiation
must communicate in an effective manner. Identification of alternatives plays a major role. The commitments that are made by the people needs to be
maintained and followed. There must be proper communication. According to me there should be a particular agreement and negotiation between the
stakeholders that is proper and suitable for the project and could be implemented within the organization for future. This could be helpful in manipulating
all the stakeholders towards a single thought and could be helpful in minimizing the conflict to the extent level in future. The types of conflict that might
arise during the execution of the project could be declined or minimized to the extent level through the NCTP form of procurement.
Summary
Based on my learning it can be summarized that I have learnt about the project management tools and now capable of evaluating the project
management tools that could be helpful in avoiding or providing the conflict resolution through the practice of negotiated solutions.
Evidence
YouTube. 2017. Negotiation. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FeM6kp9Q80 [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017].
Conclusion
Based on the above report it can be concluded that I have learnt many things related to the better communication and project negation with the
stakeholders. This report explains how I will be applying my learning in the real world and how I would tackle the obstacles that will be laid ahead me while
executing any project. The most important aspect for the success of any project can be referred to the collaboration between the team and team members.
However, this could only be achieved by eliminating conflicts between the stakeholders that might lead to the delay in the project completion. According to
me the most important aspect in the project negotiation is that I will have listen everybody and I will have to make everyone listen about my thoughts and if
they does not matches we should bargain by considering the project success. There are many consequences of the project delay that could be eliminated or
minimized to the extent level if extra effort has been given on the project negotiation and better communication between each stockholder.

References
Banwo, O., Parker, K. and Sagoo, A., 2015, March. Principles of contract claims management—A review of the Nigerian construction industry.
In Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (IEOM), 2015 International Conference on (pp. 1-9). IEEE.
Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute.
Bragagnolo, C., Ng, K., Calado, H. and Esteves, M.A.P.P., 2016. Understanding and mapping local conflicts related to protected areas in small
islands. Island Studies Journal, 11(1), pp.57-90.
Das Aundhe, M., Das Aundhe, M., Narasimhan, R. and Narasimhan, R., 2016. Public private partnership (PPP) outcomes in e-government–a
social capital explanation. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 29(7), pp.638-658.
Gao, H., Yu, T. and Cannella Jr, A.A., 2016. The use of public language in strategy: A multidisciplinary review and research agenda. Journal of
Management, 42(1), pp.21-54.
Kerzner, H., 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Control, 11th Edition. Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & sons.
Nicholas, J.M. and Steyn, H., 2017. Project management for engineering, business and technology. Taylor & Francis.
Ojha, S. and Pandey, I.M., 2017. Management and financing of e-Government projects in India: Does financing strategy add value?. IIMB
Management Review.
Peña-Mora, F. and Tamaki, T., 2001. Effect of delivery systems on collaborative negotiations for large-scale infrastructure projects. Journal of
Management in Engineering, 17(2), pp.105-121.
PMI. 2013a.A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute.
Portny, S.E., 2017. Project management for dummies. John Wiley & Sons.
Redpath, S.M., Young, J., Evely, A., Adams, W.M., Sutherland, W.J., Whitehouse, A., Amar, A., Lambert, R.A., Linnell, J.D., Watt, A. and
Gutierrez, R.J., 2013. Understanding and managing conservation conflicts. Trends in ecology & evolution, 28(2), pp.100-109.
Schwalbe, K., 2015. Information technology project management. Cengage Learning.

Wenham, K. and Wilkinson, C., 2014. How effective project controls can contribute to better outcomes for contractual claims and disputes
(1107). In Mastering Complex Projects Conference 2014 (p. 47). Engineers Australia.
YouTube. 2017. Negotiation. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FeM6kp9Q80 [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017].
Weekly Portfolio Learning Table
Description of
topics
including
reading
samples
Learning
outcomes of
the course
Learnings from your experience, this and prior
course reading, assignments
Supporting
documentation
including your
prior learning
Week 1 Topic:
Commercial
Planning and
Commercial
Projects.
Wikipedia article
Channel Tunnel;
Peña-Mora F.,
and Tamaki T.
2001. "Effect of
Delivery Systems
on Collaborative
Negotiations for
Large -Scale
Infrastructure
1. Describe the
operation of diverse
and complex
government and non-
government project
contractual
arrangements
relevant to a range of
managed services,
ICT, and build
agreements.
2. Analyse common
arguments using
The objective of this week’s topic is to make sure you have abroad
understanding of commercial planning and commercial projects.
Try to ask yourself the questions that were posed in the 1st week’s lecture: -
1. What is a Commercial Planning?
Answer: Commercial Planning is a technique of planning out the
strategies and policies in order to build a commercial project.
2. What is a Commercial Project?
Answer: Commercial project is including construction of building where
commercial works will be carried out.
3. What role does Commercial Planning and Commercial Project
Management have in the project, program, and a portfolio hierarchy?
Answer: They help to successfully build a project with low chances of
any fault. If the plan is proper then the probability of the success of the
project is high.
4. Are there any essential keys for success between the participants of
Kerzner H., 2013.Project
Management: A Systems
Approach to Planning,
Scheduling, and Control,
11th Edition. Hoboken,
USA: John Wiley & Sons.
Peña-Mora, F. and
Tamaki, T., 2001. Effect
of delivery systems on
collaborative
negotiations for large-
scale infrastructure
projects. Journal of

Description of
topics
including
reading
samples
Learning
outcomes of
the course
Learnings from your experience, this and prior
course reading, assignments
Supporting
documentation
including your
prior learning
Projects”;
21 Apr 2016
Channel Tunnel's
unique status
confirmed;
29 June 2016
Brexit
negotiations:
Four ways to get
a good deal;
YouTube:
The Chunnel –
logic, persuasion and
influence factors as
commonly applied to
conflicting and/or
competing
stakeholder agendas.
large scale projects?
Answer: The participants must be talented and they should have good
cooperation and communication among themselves in order to achieve
success. They should also follow ethical means to achieve their goals.
They must identify their interest before carrying out the project.
In the Wikipedia article and the other readings for the Channel Tunnel
(Chunnel); Project try to explain: -
5. How much negotiation would have occurred during the project?
Answer: A good level of negotiation have occurred to avoid any type of
conflict. There has been negotiation between the UK government and
the France government.
6. Who would the negotiation have been between?
Answer: There have been negotiations between the governments of
United Kingdom and France.
7. Would successful negotiation have mitigated any of the subsequent
outcomes?
Answer: Yes, successful negotiations would avoid any type of conflict in
the construction stage and there would have been no problem later on.
8. What would have been required to undertake successful negotiation
between the parties?
Answer: Proper understanding of the objectives as well as the plan
would make the negotiation successful. Any type of negotiation needs
proper understanding and cooperation between the negotiating
parties.
Management in
Engineering, 17(2),
pp.105-121.
PMI., 2013a.A Guide to
the Project Management
Body of Knowledge
(PMBOK Guide) 5th
Edition. USA: Project
Management Institute.
En.wikipedia.org.
2017. Channel Tunnel.
[online] Available at:
https://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Channel_Tunnel
[Accessed 14 Sep. 2017].
Apsc.gov.au. 2017. Policy
implementation through
devolved government -
APSC. [online] Available
at:
http://www.apsc.gov.au/
publications-and-
media/archive/publicatio
ns-archive/devolved-
government [Accessed
14 Sep. 2017].

Description of
topics
including
reading
samples
Learning
outcomes of
the course
Learnings from your experience, this and prior
course reading, assignments
Supporting
documentation
including your
prior learning
World's Longest
Underwater
Tunnel - History
Channel.
Then in the Peña-Mora F., and Tamaki T. paper about the Effect of Delivery
Systems on Collaborative Negotiations for Large-Scale Infrastructure Projects,
try to explain:
9. Do cultural dimensions of the participants impact on the Collaborative
Negotiation Methodology?
Answer: Different participants are the owner, A/E and constructor. The
cultural dimensions are different and they have different values and
interest. Therefore, it does have an impact on the collaborative
negotiation methodology.
10. Does the type of Contract impact on the subsequent Negotiation?
Answer: The conflict delays the time of negotiation. The contract type
acts as a checklist of strategies for negotiation.
11. What is your overall conclusion of the paper?
Answer: The paper focuses on the conflicts that take place and the
characteristics of negotiations. The delivery method selection has been
better because of potential conflict.
Are any of the
activities above
relevant to your
reflections for
the learning
outcomes on the
right?
3. Differentiate
methods of project
negotiation, conflict
management, and
stakeholder
engagement across
projects consisting of
differing technology
Q)Are any of the questions above relevant to the learning outcome on the
left?
Answers: Few questions like project negotiation and cultural dimensions that
lead to conflict of the project are relevant. Negotiation of project means to
come on a common terms and conditions to carry out the project. Conflict
management deals while solving any type of conflict while carrying out the
project. The engagement of stakeholders meanstheir participation in the project
management process and they take crucial decisions regarding the project.
Kerzner H., 2013.Project
Management: A Systems
Approach to Planning,
Scheduling, and Control,
11th Edition. Hoboken,
USA: John Wiley & Sons.
PMI., 2013a.A Guide to
the Project Management

Description of
topics
including
reading
samples
Learning
outcomes of
the course
Learnings from your experience, this and prior
course reading, assignments
Supporting
documentation
including your
prior learning
standards and asset
lifecycles.
Body of Knowledge
(PMBOK Guide) 5th
Edition. USA: Project
Management Institute.
Are any of the
activities above
relevant to your
reflections for
the learning
outcomes on the
right
4. Explain and apply
methods of
identifying and
reconciling
inconsistent and
conflicting objectives
and drivers that
develop, maintain,
mange relationships
and communication
with key
stakeholders.
Are any of the questions above relevant to the learning outcome on the left?
Answer: Yes, they are relevant. Proper cooperation and communication is
necessary for developing good relationship among the stakeholders.
Every participant should be engaged and jot down their point of view in order to
identify where exactly the conflict is taking place. The conflicting purpose must
be found out.
Kerzner H., 2013.Project
Management: A Systems
Approach to Planning,
Scheduling, and Control,
11th Edition. Hoboken,
USA: John Wiley & Sons.
PMI. 2013a.A Guide to
the Project Management
Body of Knowledge
(PMBOK Guide) 5th
Edition. USA: Project
Management Institute.
Are any of the
activities above
relevant to your
reflections for
the learning
outcomes on the
right
5. Explain the
consequences of
project delays,
disruptions, and
changes to planned
activities and the
methods for claims
variations, liquidated
damages, contract
Are any of the questions above relevant to the learning outcome on the left?
Answer: Yes, the questions are relevant. There will be loss in productivity,
increase in the project cost and also it can lead to cancellation of the project
contract. The customers will be dissatisfied.
Kerzner H.,
2013.Project
Management: A
Systems Approach to
Planning, Scheduling,
and Control, 11th
Edition. Hoboken,
USA: John Wiley &
Sons.

Description of
topics
including
reading
samples
Learning
outcomes of
the course
Learnings from your experience, this and prior
course reading, assignments
Supporting
documentation
including your
prior learning
entitlements, and
arbitration. PMI. 2013a.A Guide to
the Project
Management Body of
Knowledge (PMBOK
Guide) 5th Edition. USA:
Project Management
Institute.
Are any of the
activities above
relevant to your
reflections for
the learning
outcomes on the
right
6. Evaluate project
management tools
that help avoid or
provide conflict
resolution via
negotiated solutions.
Are any of the questions above relevant to the learning outcome on the left?
Ans: Yes, it is relevant. Some of the tools are to listen carefully, resolve the
problem for which there is conflict, compromise, use power and
confront.
Kerzner H., 2013.Project
Management: A Systems
Approach to Planning,
Scheduling, and Control,
11th Edition. Hoboken,
USA: John Wiley & Sons.
PMI., 2013a.A Guide to
the Project Management
Body of Knowledge
(PMBOK Guide) 5th
Edition. USA: Project
Management Institute.