Project Life Cycle: Methodologies and Effectiveness Analysis

This report provides a detailed overview of the project life cycle, encompassing its various stages such as initiation, planning, execution, and closure. It explores different project management methodologies and tools including Agile, Scrum, Kanban, and Waterfall, and analyzes their effectiveness. The report includes a case study of the 'Hercules Cycle and Motor Company' to illustrate the practical application of these concepts. It also critically evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the project life cycle, emphasizing the importance of communication, progress tracking, and employee motivation. The conclusion highlights the significance of a well-defined project life cycle for achieving project goals and organizational success. The report emphasizes the importance of aligning the project life cycle with the needs and requirements of an organization and working collaboratively to achieve project goals effectively.

Project Life Cycle

Table of Contents
Table of Contents.............................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Project Life Cycle............................................................................................................................3
Analysis of Project Methodologies and Tools.................................................................................4
Critically evaluate the effectiveness of PLC....................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Project life cycle includes the different phases of project that are identified and
documented in project management methodologies. The project is divided into phases so that
company can increase their control and achieve their target. This project is based on operation
and project management which includes the application of project life cycle and also its criticism
while implementing on a project (Kordi, Belayutham and Che Ibrahim, 2021). The report
highlights the case study of Organisation in which there are several employees having different
roles and position. In Current Financial; year, company has focused on two business objectives
which includes reducing movement of employees from the premises as it creates congestion
issue in local area and encouraging workers to adopt healthy lifestyle and also reducing Staff
absenteeism.
Project Life Cycle
Project life cycle defines the stages of project form starting to finish, it provide a way
through which organisation can run better projects. It is important for the company to bring
project life cycle into order and structure so that it results better output. The project life cycle is
broke down into four stages they are initiation, planning, execution and closure. It is a process
through which firm can accomplish its project in successful manner. The project life cycle
provides various advantages to businesses such as it helps in increasing the communication
between employees, provides progressive evolution, defines project evaluation review, track the
progress, and also provide structure for delivery of project (Gonzalez Gonzalez and et. al., 2021).
The manager is responsible to create and develop a strong communication between the Staff so
that they can share their opinions and thoughts related to the project. Through structure review,
company can identify the progress of projects and also the issues which can impact the
performance of project. The project manager is responsible to allocate the roles and
responsibilities to each employee and also track the progress from initial stage to last stage. The
phases of project life cycle are as follows-
Initiation is the first stage of project life cycle in which the manager sets the goal of
project and hires team for completing the task. It is the responsibility of project manager to
establish clear goals that must be understandable by the employees so that they can contribute
their best while accomplishing the project. The main purpose of initial stage of product life cycle

is to define the key concept and motive behind the project so that staff can give their productive
outcomes. In this stage, Hercules Cycle and Motor Company must launch their new cycle in
order to grab the attention of customers (Arshad and et. al., 2021). In Initial stage they might face
many challenges and problems that could be of cost, accessories and other expense while
producing new cycle.
Project Planning is the next stage of product life cycle in which the requirements and
deliverables are explained, project plans are documented and project schedule is decided. In this
stage a set of plan is developed that provides guidance and direction to employees so that they
can work according to the plan. The project planning stage identifies the challenges which
company face while running the business they are related to time, cost, quality and changes
(Opher and et. al., 2021). These are the problem which can be faced by the company while
running business efficiently and effectively. In project planning stage Hercules Cycle must focus
on producing new cycle for their customers that satisfy their needs and demand. The Company
has to set a budget and estimate the time required for launching the new product. They must also
conduct risk analysis as they face many hurdles while producing new cycle.
Project Execution is the another stage that is known as the longest phase of project life
cycle in which company needs more resources and energy to run the business effectively and
efficiently. In this stage the project manager has to manage the risks, change, cost, time and
quality of project (He, Salem and Salman, 2021). The project manager is responsible to ensure
that work is done according to the set plan, organise team members and keep work on track. In
Execution stag, Hercules Cycle can execute their plan for launching a new cycle through which
the needs and demand of customers get satisfies.
Project Closure is the other stage of project life cycle in which the new services is offered
to customers in respect of gaining profit and increasing productivity of business. Hercules Cycle
will launch their new cycle for consumers and they will gain a pool of feedbacks form customers
related to the performance and features of Cycle. At last the project will be closed due to the
completion of task.
Analysis of Project Methodologies and Tools
The methodologies and tools of project management are waterfall methodologies, agile,
scrum, kanban, scrumban, lean and adaptive project framework methodology.

Agile project management is very effective tool and gives outstanding performance as it
deals with the project in different way by splitting the work into small units so that employees
can conduct detailed analysis of process in its initial stage (Alaloul and et. al., 2021).
Scrum is another methodology of project management which contains five values they are
commitment, openness, courage, focus and respect. The team members have a different role in
the project they are product owner, development team and scrum master.
Kanban is another methodology that focuses on self managing and collaborative teams. It
has some practices they are visualization, limiting work in progress, flow management, making
policies explicit, using feedbacks loops and collaborative.
Lean methodologies help in promoting customer value by minimising the wastage. The
main purpose of lean is to create more value for customers by reducing wastage and using few
resources (Uda, Wibowo and Hatmoko, 2021).
Waterfall is another methodologies in which the progress of project flows in downward
direction like a waterfall. It puts a main focus on documentation and also the phases which are
followed are system and software requirements, analysis, design, coding, testing and operations.
Critically evaluate the effectiveness of PLC
Project life cycle is very important for the organisation to determine the phase on which
the project is going. The project life cycle helps in improving the communication between the
employees as the task and roles are allocated to Staff for which they have to collectively work on
the project and accomplish the goals. The project life cycle also helps in tracking the progress of
project and find out the ways through which the project can be accomplishes on given time
period. It is important for the company to boost the morale and motivation level of the
employees so that they can give their productive output in accomplishing the given project.
Through project life cycle Hercules Cycle can find the progressive evolution of the project that
helps in finding out whether the project is going on the set direction and plan (Ouazzani-
Touhami and Souissi, 2021). It also helps in giving structured reviews that supports governance.
So for running the effective project life cycle it is important to work collaboratively so that Staff
can achieve the project goals in efficient and effective manner without facing any trouble or
challenges. But there are various disadvantages associated with project life cycle which company
have to face during their project. The Company has to focus on completion the project as it will
end after the completion of the last stage. It is necessary for the team members to accomplish the

project and give the best result to Organisation that helps in increasing the profitability and
attracting the customers by offering high quality product. The project life cycle contains high
risk and uncertainty as firm can face many problem while launching a cycle so it is important to
analysis the risk and take an action so that project may run smoothly. The Organisation might
face problem of measuring the progress on each stage while it is still in progress.
CONCLUSION
From the above information it is being concluded that product life cycle helps in evaluating
the each stage on which project flows. The project life cycle goes through initial stage to closure
stage in which company has to set the goals and complete the goals in appropriate manner. The
project life cycle can be modified as per the needs and requirements of Organisation. It is very
useful for the firm as they can assess the deliverables produced on each stage has meet their
purpose and identify whether the project team members are ready for the next stage. The project
life cycle is important as it provides guidance for completing the project in proper manner.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alaloul, W. S. and et. al., 2021. Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost Analysis in
Infrastructure Projects: A Systematic Review.
Arshad, H. and et. al., 2021. Evaluation of Road Infrastructure Projects: A Life Cycle
Sustainability-Based Decision-Making Approach. Sustainability. 13(7). p.3743.
Gonzalez Gonzalez, A. and et. al., 2021. CSP Quasi-Dynamic Performance Model Development
for All Project Life Cycle Stages and Considering Operation Modes. Validation
Using One Year Data. Energies. 14(1). p.14.
He, S., Salem, O. and Salman, B., 2021. Decision Support Framework for Project-Level
Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation through Integrating Life Cycle Cost
Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B:
Pavements. 147(1). p.04020083.
Kordi, N. E., Belayutham, S. and Che Ibrahim, C. K. I., 2021. Mapping of social sustainability
attributes to stakeholders’ involvement in construction project life cycle. Construction
Management and Economics, pp.1-20.
Opher, T. and et. al., 2021. Life cycle GHG assessment of a building restoration: Case study of a
heritage industrial building in Toronto, Canada. Journal of Cleaner Production. 279.
p.123819.
Ouazzani-Touhami, K. and Souissi, N., 2021, June. Simulation project life cycle applied to road
safety: A case study of Morocco. In 2020 6th IEEE Congress on Information Science
and Technology (CiSt) (pp. 27-32). IEEE.
Uda, S. A. K. A., Wibowo, M. A. and Hatmoko, J. U. D., 2021, April. Life cycle energy (LCE)
on project life cycle (PLC): a literature review. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and
Environmental Science (Vol. 724, No. 1, p. 012057). IOP Publishing.