Case Study: Project & Portfolio Management - FIFA World Cup 2022 Qatar

This case study comprehensively evaluates the application of project and portfolio management techniques in the context of the FIFA World Cup 2022 hosted by Qatar. It critically examines various strategies, including corporate-level, business-level, and functional strategies, and assesses the suitability of different project management methodologies like PMBOK for stadium construction. The study also delves into financial planning, intellectual property management, risk assessment, and mitigation strategies crucial for the project's success. Furthermore, it provides recommendations for successful stadium development and addresses change management within project teams, highlighting the importance of interpersonal skills. The analysis emphasizes aligning project objectives with strategic goals, managing financial resources effectively, and safeguarding intellectual property rights to ensure the successful execution of the FIFA World Cup 2022 project.

Running head: PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
PRM7004
Project and Portfolio Management: FIFA World Cup in 2022 Hosted by Qatar
Name of the student:
Name of the university:

1PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
Table of Contents
Answer to Question 1..................................................................................................................2
1. Critical evaluation on the ways through which project and portfolio management techniques
can be utilized..................................................................................................................................2
1.1 Different strategies and approaches of project and portfolio management...........................2
1.2 Project Management Methodologies (PMM)........................................................................5
1.3 Finance planning....................................................................................................................7
1.4 Intellectual property management strategies.........................................................................9
Answer to question 2.....................................................................................................................11
2.1 Identification and discussion of appropriate technique of risk assessment, planning and
scheduling..................................................................................................................................11
2.2 Assessment of key areas of risks and methods of mitigation..............................................15
Answer to question 3.....................................................................................................................16
3.1 Recommendations regarding handling the successful development of the stadiums..........16
Answer to Question 4....................................................................................................................19
4. Introduction to changes can view as threats by the employees.................................................19
4.1Ways to manage change within a project team....................................................................19
4.2 Demonstration regarding interpersonal skills..........................................................................21
References......................................................................................................................................23

2PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
Answer to Question 1
1. Critical evaluation on the ways through which project and portfolio
management techniques can be utilized
1.1 Different strategies and approaches of project and portfolio management
This specific case scenario is focused on FIFA football World Cup event project
organization that has to be held in 2022 hosted by Qatar. It is recognized that Qatar is devised to
host the FIFA world Cup event in the year of 2022 though the event organizer committee is
facing certain challenges. The analysis report on the project case scenario indicates that
professional project and portfolio management techniques can successfully control and monitor
its progress regarding the design and development of the stadium. Around 12 stadiums are
devised to be built with renewable and reusable materials. The details of the management
strategies are elaborated in the below section. The identified strategies of Project Portfolio
Management (PPM) are as follows:
Type Description Possible usage
Corporate level strategies
 Stability strategy
 Growth strategy
 Retrenchment
strategy
Though subdividing the basic
project strategies into business unit
strategies and functional strategies
the project managers have become
capable to design their corporate
strategies (Malhotra and Ackfeldt
 Project roadmap
 Comparative
approaches
 Stage gates and
frameworks
 Model scoring

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2016). The corporate strategies
can be eventually translated into
project portfolio via PPM. The
PPM allows the project manager
to linkup the strategies with the
desired objectives. The stadium
building and improvement project
can become a successful one with
PPM approach (Kerzner and
Kerzner 2017).
High level business
strategies
 Focus
 Differentiation
 Leadership in cost
This strategy will help the project
to achieve the competitive
advantages and structured higher
commercial revenue as well.
through financial methods,
portfolio differentiation and
marketing analysis tools
respectively cost can be managed,
specific marketing areas can come
under focus and degree of
operation can be optimized.
 High commercial
values
 Service index
 Productivity index
Functional strategies
 Information system
The functional strategy has the
capability to merge up the specific
 Resource demand
models

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 Finance
 Marketing and
production
 Human resources
 Research and
development
activities for FIFA 2022
WorldCup event hosting project to
the business operations. It is
defined that PPM performing
strategies help to guide as well as
inform the project and portfolio
developers regarding the needs
and benefits of strategic
development in this project
(Lourenço et al. 2018).
 model optimization
approach
 dynamic ordering
Strategic innovation
 Analysis of
strategies
 Selection of
strategies
 Implementation of
strategies
Different available strategies are
there widely used for designing
and implementing successful
project thus, the project manager
for the FIFA 2022 football
WorldCup organization project
needs to choose and apply the
most suitable strategies
considering the purpose and aim
of the project and of course the
demand of the FIFA football
committee from the event (Ma,
Tang and Gomez 2016).
 Most of the PPM
frameworks and tools
 Stage gate framework

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Strategic perspectives
 Reduction of cost
 Reactive
 First to market
Portfolio management is one of
the most beneficial approaches for
project success. Based on the
requirement of the project
developers and FIFA committee
the project statement should be
prepared and then submitted for
approval (Tomasella et al. 2017).
If the plan then not needs further
changes then the changes are also
to be implemented considering the
Portfolio management processes.
It is expected that, using the
concept of synergies the overall
project cost can be reduced and the
entire project can be accomplished
within estimated time as well.
 Project management
tools and techniques
1.2 Project Management Methodologies (PMM)
Different project management methodologies are available however depending on the
project scope statement the most suitable project methodology needs to be selected by the project
managers. For different types of projects (such as: construction, operational project, software
project etc) the Project management methodologies vary (Vareilles et al. 2015). The very initial

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PMM is divided into two parts such as traditional methodology and modern methodology. The
instances of modern PMM are Prince2 and PMBOK. For the stadium building and reconstruction
project for FIFA football WorldCup 2022 event the suitable construction Methodology is
PMBOK. The phase oof PMBOK project management method which needs to be followed while
implementing the project are elaborated in the below section:
PMBOK Project development methodology
The PMBOK project management methodology is comprises of five phases in terms of
initiation project, planning of project, project execution, project monitoring and control and
closure phase. The phases of PMBOK are as follows:
Project initiation: In this phase the scope statement is prepared. For this specific project
the scope is to build environment friendly and comfortable stadium for the players, viewers,
FIFA board committee members who will come to watch the matches live from stadiums. Apart
from this, they are also focused to develop the stadium with reusable and eco-friendly materials
(Ahuja and Priyadarshini 2015). These materials use low energy and gives renewable solution
also this can be disassembled and used in future. The lists of stakeholders, suppliers and
resources which can be used for further progress of the project are elaborated in project
beginning phase. In order to complete the project a killed team is also assigned in this phase.
Planning phase: In this phase based on the scope statement and objectives the project is
planned. The project manager assigns the roles and responsibilities to each member and
according to their previous experience, skills and knowledge. The finance manager is responsible
to estimate the total budget and time that will be required to accomplish the project
(DeviKrishnaya, Jamaludin and Ismail 2017). Before identifying the target audience risks that

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may interrupt the regular success of the project are also identified, analyzed, and prioritized.
Based on their negative impact risk mitigation strategies are also developed in this phase only.
The materials that are used in this building project will be disassembled and donated to those
countries where the football sport infrastructure is weak.
Project execution: After gathering and assembling all resource (Such as: physical and
human) the construction project is completed and executed in this phase. However, continuous
feedback from the assigned stakeholders are gathered and if further changes are requested then
the areas of changes are again redesigned and executed followed by the feedback.
Project monitoring and control: Whether the project if progressing on the correct
direction within the estimated cost and time is measured and monitored by the project manager
and board of directors (Ham, Aragón and Martonosi 2015). Some control strategies are also
considered in this phase to keep a control over the project progress.
Project closure: The project closes with stakeholder and all other resource’s signoff.
1.3 Finance planning
Investment is referred to as a fund employment aiming to gain return over it. Despite of
size and project type the finance managers always expects to gain a positive ROI from whatever
amount they have invested for the implementation and execution of the project. Two types of
investment mechanism are there such as economic investment and financial investment. For this
specific project also the project designer and managers requires to structure of the project
accurately (Kaiser, El Arbi and Ahlemann 2015). The financial investment is a monetary
allocation for resources that assisting the project as per the expected to acquiesce. At the project
initiation phase the project components should be properly analyzed and a feasibility study needs

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to be conducted. The feasibility study ensures that whether the project is going to be succeeded
or not. It also involves the written contrasts on the paper pieces like shares. Based upon the
overall time and material requirements the overall finance structure of the project is designed and
implemented by the fiance manager and approved by the project manager successfully (Malhotra
and Ackfeldt 2016). There are different elements also which are the focus of finance
management include return, risks, time, liquidity and tax savings.
The main objectives of the finance management are as follows:
 Short term high priority objectives
 Long terms objectives in high priority
 Lower priority objectives
 Revenue making objectives
The strategies for financial management include the following:
 The project budget needs to be linked with the strategic plan because the strategic
decisions mainly have financial implication
 The finance strategic plan should include historical trends and other competitive
analysis which may take place in the finance procedure
 The actual budget process must optimize the allocated time required for gathering
and analyzing needful stadium construction project (Mok, Shen and Yang 2015)
 The project manager should agree to the estimated project budgetary
 The overall budget must give lower level managers a fiscal control over the
project progress
 The budget structure requires to accept the changes quickly and easily

9PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
The elements that make this project successful include visibly clear project goal and
objectives along with a healthy defined management process, proven set of project management
tools and techniques and clear understanding (Sadia, Kadir and Sanif 2016). The other
knowledge areas that are also required to be followed and analyzed by the project managers
include stakeholder management, integration management, quality management, cost
management, Human Resource management, Risk management plan, communication approach,
scope management and Time management.
1.4 Intellectual property management strategies
For FIFA WorldCup football event hosting project in 2022 or for the stadium building
project the intellectual properties are the materials used for the design and construction of the
project. The materials to be used for the construction are all identified as the intellectual
properties for the project. Management of these intellectual properties from further loss is very
much crucial for commercial achievement of this project (Buenviaje, et al. 2016). The processes
or strategies needed to be followed for managing the Intellectual properties are enlisted in the
below section:
 Professional inventory documentation as well as monitoring of all the existing
project assets
 Facilitating a decision making approach considering construction and eco-friendly
staffs
 Assisting the formulation of all policies and administration of Intellectual
properties of license and all other agreements
 Respect over assisting protection as well as subsequent regulations and rights
 Monitoring of the IP rights and registrations

10PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
 Detecting the potential commercial partners
 Administrating the agreement details that include assistance and contruction
project negotiation
Internally for managing the Intellectual Properties firstly the IP application strategies are
needed to be formulated and then that should be monitored and enforced considering the IP
rights. After that the project manager must negotiate the decision makings accurately.
The portfolio or project management approach explains the ways through which the
project manager can implement positive development strategies (Greenaway et al. 2015).
However, whether the IP elements of the project are managing correctly or not is also measured
with this application. A larger part of success for any organization is dependent on its intellectual
project. Only ideation of this project is not enough to meet its goals and objectives thus planning
and managing the progress of the project are also required to meet the objectives. There are
different ways through which this project can be successfully managed. A proper IP managerial
strategy also manages the financial and commercial status of the project.
It is the responsibility of the Intellectual Property management team and the IP managers
to make sure that all the IP elements are secured from the external sudden disasters. All the legal
application are also to be properly arranged by the project manager and IP manager to ensure that
even after disassemble of the stadium also none of the eco-friendly materials will be damaged
(DeviKrishnaya, Jamaludin and Ismail 2017). If any additional responsibilities are required to be
undertaken by the project manager then those should also be protected by the management
department and FIFA football committee of Qatar. For this project not only the materials are IP

11PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
but the contract and documents of FIFA WorldCup hosting events are also IP. Using technical
support these documents are also required to be secured from the external attack and damages.
Answer to question 2
2.1 Identification and discussion of appropriate technique of risk assessment,
planning and scheduling
Techniques of risk assessment
The various types of techniques that are used for assessing risks of project and
portfolio are generally elaborated below:
Brainstorming: This technique is generally used in order to determine as well as
populate the various types of risk scenarios that are related with the project. It is considered as
one of the simple as well as very much effective attempt for assessing the risks (Cagliano,
Grimaldi and Rafele 2015). Brainstorming generally involves number of techniques for making
sure that the imagination of each team member is generally triggered by the statements as well as
thoughts of each group. This technique is generally utilized in conjunction with the various types
off risk assessment methods for encouraging the imaginative thinking at each stage of the project
life cycle.
Sensitivity analysis: Sensitivity analysis generally takes a place on the change effect of a
particular single variable within a particular project by analyzing the various types of effect on
the project plan (Chemweno et al. 2015) It is found that both uncertainty as well as project risks
are generally reflected by elaborating the range of variations for each of the component of the

12PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
original bae of the case estimation. Some of the benefits of sensitivity analysis mainly include
impressing management and helps in providing anticipated probability of occurrences.
Probability analysis: Probability analysis generally helps in overcoming the limitations
that are mainly associated with sensitivity analysis by properly specifying proper probability
distribution for each of the particular variable and after then considering the situations where the
variable can be changed quite effectively. It is found that defining the probability occurrences of
any type of specific variable can be difficult as political, commercial environment can change
quite frequently (Kaiser, El Arbi and Ahlemann 2015).
Delphi method: It is considered as one of the technique of risk assessment that helps in
deriving consensus by utilizing umber of experts in order to arrive at a convergent solutions or a
particular specific problem (Lourenço et al. 2018). This is generally used to arrive at particular
probability assessment that is mainly related to the future events where the impact of risk are
generally large as well as very much critical. Moreover, it is found that he panel members cannot
be able to know ted entity and the entire procedure will be conducted in a separate location.
Decision tree analysis: It is considered as one of the feature of project work which
generally have number of options that are generally present in the entire course of reaching the
final results of the project (Martani 2015). It is found that one of the most important benefit of
using tis technique is that it generally helps in forcing the probability of each of the outcome.
Therefore, the likelihood of the failure is generally quantified with some value in a particular
decision.
Utility theory: Utility theory generally endeavours for formalizing the attitude of the
management towards a particular risk, towards decision tree analysis, assessment off results and

13PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
more (Gurcanli, Bilir and Sevim 2015). However, it is found that in context to practical projects,
work utility based theories tend to be viewed as rather theoretical.
Decision theory: It is considered as one of the technique that helps in making proper
decisions under uncertainty as well as risks. It is found that the decisions are generally based o
some of he of extent or on the uncertain forecast (Cagliano, Grimaldi and Rafele 2015). This
technique is considered as one of the best possible course whether the forecasting are accurate or
not.
Techniques of project or portfolio planning
The appropriate technique of planning projects and portfolio are generally elaborated
below:
Brainstorming: Brainstorming is considered as one of the useful technique that is
generally used in business as well as other parts of the project management process but it is
generally considered as one of the vital element of project planning (Kerzner and Kerzner 2017).
As brainstorming is one of the important as well as creative procedure that is mainly designed for
encouraging the random as well as lateral thinking. Moreover, it is found that brainstorming
technique is also useful for highlighting the issues that are required to be mitigated as soon as
possible.
Cause and effect diagrams: Cause and effect diagrams are generally known as the
fishbone diagram that is generally useful in project planning as well as gathering. Furthermore, it
also helps in determining the problems that generally can cause problems (Heravi, Coffey and
Trigunarsyah 2015). In addition to this it is found that this technique of project planning also
helps in giving instant overview about the various components of the project n a very much clear

14PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
way that are generally not hampered by the project dependencies, schedules as well as project
milestones.
Critical path analysis: Critical path analysis is considered as one of the effective
technique of project planning it is found that with the help of this technique, the tasks that run in
parallel as well as the needed sequence of the project are generally highlighted (Vareilles et al.
2015). Moreover, the critical path analysis is generally dependent on the timeline and are
considered to be very much useful for reflecting the tasks that generally overlap or coincide by
reflecting what is required to be done and when.
Gantt charts: Gantt charts are generally considered as one of the most useful tool of
project planning that is generally used for scheduling as well as monitoring the tasks of the
project in order to highlight the cost as well as expenditure at all stages of the project in order to
properly communicate the progress of the project (Sharon and Dori 2015). In addition to his, it is
found that the cost that is generally needed for executing the entire project successfully are
generally reflected with the help of the schedule that is quite useful for successful project
execution.
Techniques of project or portfolio planning
The appropriate techniques that are generally needed for scheduling the project or
portfolio are generally illustrated below:
Task list: Task list is considered as one of the simplest project scheduling techniques. It
is found that the task list is generally crated as well as documented within a spreadsheet. This
technique of project or portfolio scheduling can be used for smaller projects as project with more
number of activities as well as resources are very much difficult to schedule with the help of this

15PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
particular technique (Beşikci, Bilge and Ulusoy 2015). This technique of scheduling is mainly
suggested as it is very much simple and the resources in the project task can be assigned quite
easily with the help of this technique.
Gantt chart: The project schedule Gantt chart is considered as of the visualization
technique that can be used for progressing as well as tracking the purposes of the project. It is
one of the technique that is used by the project managers in order to estimate the time that is
generally required in order to execute each of the project activities (Lamas and Demeulemeester
2016). With the help of this particular technique, each of the project task is generally represented
with the help of bar that further helps in reflecting the initiation as well as closure date of the
project. The Gantt chart helps in reflecting all the project activities including their start and end
date, resources, cost as well as dependencies Kerzner and Kerzner 2017).
2.2 Assessment of key areas of risks and methods of mitigation
The risks that are generally identified in the project of Qatar World cup are generally
elaborated below:
Schedule slippage: If the schedule that is generally developed for the project is not
managed on a regular basis then the chances of schedule slippage is higher and as a result the
project manager will not be able to complete the entire project on time (Beşikci, Bilge and
Ulusoy 2015).
Inexperienced workers: As the workers who are hired for the construction of sustainable
stadiums does not have experience in this types of project and as a result they can face lot of
difficulties in executing the entire project successfully on time.

16PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
Inappropriate planning: It is found that earlier it was planned that 12 stadium will be
built along with several different other existing stadiums will generally be developed as well as
updated (Cagliano, Grimaldi and Rafele 2015). However, later the portfolio was reduced to 8
new developments. Improper planning problem need to be mitigated in order to create proper
plan for the project so that the project can be completed within predictable budget and time. The
risks can be mitigated by adopting steps or strategies that are generally elaborated below:
Hiring experienced team members: It is determined that the assigned team members
must be skilled so that the entire work of the project can be completed successfully within the
expected budget and time.
Tracking schedule: It is much crucial to track project schedule of project on a regular
basis for making sure that the complete project will be accomplished within the expected budget
and time so that the project does not face delay.
Answer to question 3
3.1 Recommendations regarding handling the successful development of the
stadiums.
As a portfolio manager, the development of the stadiums will be handled successfully by
undertaking steps are generally elaborated below:
Critical personal skills: A portfolio manager, must have critical personal skills as well
as competencies for developing the stadium project successfully. The first important skills that
must be present within a portfolio manager is the communication skill.

17PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
a) Communication: It is found that with the help of proper communication skills, a
portfolio manager can be able to communicate the goals as well as objectives of the
project so that the entire project can be completed successfully. Moreover, it is found that
with the help of the communication skill, the portfolio managers can also be able to
understand the problems that the project team members are generally facing.
b) Leadership: Secondly a portfolio manager must have leadership skills. It is found that
with the help of the leadership skills, the portfolio managers can be able to lead as well as
guide the team leaders so that they can be able to achieve the project objectives quite
successfully.
c) Personal organization: With the help of the personal organization skills, the project
manager will be able to organize the project work quite successfully such that each of the
project related work ca be completed successfully within the expected budget and time.
d) Critical thinking: Portfolio managers must have critical thinking skills so that with the
help of this skills, the project manager will be able to analyze as well as evaluate the issue
or situation. Moreover, it is found that with the help of critical thinking skills, the
portfolios managers can be analyze as well as evaluate the issues or challenges that are
mainly associated with the stadium development project so that the risks can be mitigated
by avoiding any type of unbiased judgement.
Team management skills: A portfolio managers must have proper team management
skills like leadership, strong communication skills, problem solving skills as well as skills of
time management so that the team members can be able to complete the work of the project quite
successfully. The various types of team management skills that must be present within the
portfolio managers for handling the project of stadium development are generally listed below:

18PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
a) Problem solving skills: A portfolio manager must have problem solving skills so tat the
risks as well as challenges can be resolved quite effectively. It is quite important to
follow five important steps in order to resolve the risk as well as challenges that are
mainly associated with the project. Appropriate skills in tackling the issues as well as
challenges are generally considered to be beneficial for working on complex projects.
b) Time and team management skills: It is found that proper time and team management
helps in achieving the success criteria of the project quite successfully such that the work
of the project can be completed on time successfully. As a portfolio manager, it is very
much necessary to manage the team as well as successfully achieve a proper
communication goal with complete union as well as harmony. It further helps in
coordinating, delegating as well as administering a group pf project team members for
further promoting team work as well as for resolving conflict that generally exists within
a project.
c) Negotiation: Negotiation is considered as of the important communication skill which is
required by the portfolio managers at every stage. It is found that proper negotiation helps
in managing the project team which further helps in achieving success within the entire
project.
d) Risk management: A portfolio manager must be able to resolve the risks ad challenges
that generally exists within a project team members by enhancing collaboration as well as
team work. It is found that successful management of risks that exists within a team helps
in achieving the project success criteria as well as the prioritizing the project
stakeholders.

19PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
e) Team building: Proper team building skills should be present within the portfolio
manager so that proper collaboration can be created within the team such that the team
members can be able to work together for achieving the project objectives
(DeviKrishnaya, Jamaludin and Ismail 2017). Moreover, it is found that proper team
building not only assist in handling the stadium development project but also assist in
prioritizing the project stakeholders.
Answer to Question 4
4. Introduction to changes can view as threats by the employees
4.1Ways to manage change within a project team
Change management is referred to as one of the important project governing activities
that help to lead any project towards the expected goals and objectives. It is the responsibility of
the project manager and the project team members to make sure that they are contributing cent
percent of their efforts to make he requested changes both form the internal boards and external
consumers. This section of the report reflects the ways what I have used in my past for managing
project teams. The key roles that are played in the change management process are as follows:
 Supportive project functionalities
 Project team should play their roles
 The roles of the senior executives and senior project managers
 Roles must be played by project supervisor and managers
 Roles by the resource manager and the resource team members

20PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
The roles that are assigned to each of the project team members regarding change
management are enlisted below:
Change management team Responsible to develop respective change
management strategies and plans as well as it is
an integral part and must ensure that the project
is enabled to reach success
Project executives and senior managers Responsible to launch authorized amount of
funds
Supervisor Responsible to guide the project team members
so that they can meet the project objectives
much easily.
Whenever sudden changes are requested an internal conflicts occur within the team due
to managerial disabilities as it could be threat to the employees also. However, whether the
requested change is a process, role, responsibility or entire organizational structural changes, a
project can only be accomplished if each individual employee changes their body language,
behavior and presence to the other associates as per the new need of the project. This is the main
essence of any change management process. I have to say that interpersonal skill of the project
manager and the project team members are the most important things that can resolve the
behavioral issues and internal project team conflicts as well.
The project manager or event manager needs to focus on the interpersonal skills of the
project team members to ensure that project running towards the accurate direction. The project

21PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
management team is facing continuous problems due to the changing technology and its
implication in the product lifecycles, cost pressures and high quality expectations. Though, the
overall project complexity increase a lot with the implication of such changes but at the same
time it has the ability to improve the quality of project as expected by the consumer and football
committee.
4.2 Demonstration regarding interpersonal skills
The assigned project manager should also play the role of a leader in a project. They must
lead the team by motivating them and by providing them a wider platform where the team
members can also present their ideas and innovative creations. Apart from this, the team
members should be effective speaker, listener as well. They should know the ways of
negotiating, persuading and presenting their ideas. In addition to this they must have a final
decision making power. The enlisted skills are as follows:
Effective listeners: The project manager and the team members should have enough of
patience to listen to the others and then considering their thoughts and ideas before implementing
the final requested changes. Besides a good listener they should have skills to speak or
communicate also. In other words a good listeners and speakers can lead a team and resolve the
issues of internal team conflicts. The different communication approaches such as upward,
downward, vertical, horizontal and open communication the project managers should use open
communication. The approach of open communication gives a wider platform where all the
members can share their ideas and point of views.
Power to negotiate: The project manager must have the decision making ability above
all the other project associates.

22PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
Leadership and motivation: Project manager should have ability to influence the team
members by motivating them. Managers are always able to get the aid and resource support for
accomplishing the project mission. In other words, a leader should have a authoritative power
and participative power as well.
Team building ability: In each of the stages of project development the manager must
play active roles and make sure that, they are hiring the most skilled, knowledgeable and
experienced members for their team.
Cultural awareness: There should not be any kind of cultural barriers and language
barriers. In order to make sure that no such issues are raising the project manager should spread
cultural awareness among the project team members.

23PROJECT AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
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