Project Management Report: Analysis of Project Management Principles

This report delves into the core principles of project management, encompassing various crucial aspects. It begins by defining project management and elaborates on the significance of a project charter, outlining project objectives, roles, and responsibilities. The report then explores the relationship between organizational strategies and project goals, emphasizing the importance of aligning projects with overall organizational objectives. Scope management, including requirement gathering, scope definition, work breakdown structure creation, and scope control, is thoroughly discussed. Project governance, the framework for effective decision-making, is examined, along with project decomposition techniques for breaking down project objectives into manageable deliverables. The project life cycle, including initiation, planning, implementation, and closure phases, is analyzed. The report also addresses project closure activities and employee conflict management, including causes and conflict resolution styles such as accommodating, avoiding, collaborating, competing, and compromising. The report concludes with a comprehensive understanding of project management principles and practices.

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Project Management
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Question-1
The discipline of using the procedures, policies, and principles that are established for managing
the project from beginning to completion can be defined as Project management. The planning,
organizing, and implementation of a particular project are directed by project management. A
project is the one which is undertaken with a detailed start along with the end parameters which
has been designed to produce the outcomes that are defined (Burke, 2013). From the ongoing
processes, a project is completely different like it might be a governance program or an asset
management program. The project management plan is expected in providing the guidance to the
project phases effectively and efficiently from start to end by having the ideal goal of delivering
the result with the given budget and on time.
Question-2
The project charter can be defined as the statement of objectives in a project. In this statement,
the goals, roles, and responsibilities of the project are detailed, where even the main stakeholders
are identified, and the level of the authority given to the project manager is set out. It will act in
the form of a guideline for the projects in the future along with being the significant material in
the knowledge management system of an organization (Fleming & Koppelman, 2016). It can be
referred to as the short document which will consist of the new request offered or the proposal
request..
Question-3
The organizational strategies will be defining the goals of the organization. However, the
operations management team will be managing the operation plan of the project in achieving the
goals of the organization. Projects are composed so that it will help in achieving the actions that
are defined in the operations plan (Flyvbjerg, 2013). It is very much important to look at the
relationship between the project and the organizational strategies and goals in a broader way
since in the light of the theoretical models it will be lining the relationship and the methods of
obtaining the outcome in the desired time and budget.
Question-4

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The scope management in the project will include the processes that are necessary for making
sure for the completion of the project successfully. For completing the project successfully,it
includes all the work that is required (Gido, Clements & Clements, 2014). In the project scope
management, there are five processes involved such as:
 Collect requirements: It is the first process which defines and documents the needs of
stakeholders for meeting the project activities.
 Define scope: It this process in which the project is described in detail along with the
product that is being industrialized.
 Creating the WBS: The work breakdown structure is created with the help of the
technique called decomposition.
 Verify the scope: It is the process in which monitoring of project and the control process
group is involved.
 Scope control: In this process project status is monitored besides the project scope and
along to the baseline of the scope the changes are managed.
Question-5
Project governance can be defined as the framework which will allow the making of decisions in
the project effectively. The focus would be on the key decisions which will be helpful in shaping
the project and its direction (Hegazy, 2013). It constitutes of three components. The following
are the components of the project governance framework such as:
 The structure of decision making.
 The people involved within the structure.
 The information that is informed to them.
It can even be defined as the set of processes, function, principles, policies, regulations,
responsibilities and procedures which will be defining the management, control of projects,
establishment, portfolios.
Question-6
The decomposition of the projected can be defined as the choice of methodologies for breaking
the objectives of the project into the project deliverables that are achievable. It can be termed as a

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breakdown of the work of the project into smaller elements or pieces based on the roles and
functions of each of the defined elements that are used within the project. It aims at classifying
the project with the help of work items and leading to the development of a bigger view of the
picture of the project management process (Kerzner, 2013). In the planning process, project
decomposition is considered to be one of the major steps. The actual meaning of the
decomposition of the project is planning of the major elements of the work related to project by
creating a hierarchy that is based on project activities.
Such kind of hierarchy will be including various levels, which will be defining the key activities
that are related to certain goals and objectives of the project. Among all one of the most common
methods for decomposing the project is with the help of creating the WBS is also known as work
breakdown structure. In most kinds of the project, this method of WBS is used widely. This is
especially, created in projects related to construction and engineering, which are having the
hierarchy of activity-based work (Larson & Gray, 2013). The following are the hierarchical
levels into which the projects are decomposed traditionally such as:
 The various stages and different phases.
 Streamlines procedures and differential activities.
 Defining the milestones.
 Defining deliverables and tasks.
In the process of project management, these four levels can be regarded as the key elements for
breaking down the activities of project so that project deliverables can be achieved. Throughout
the length of the project, these are the things which the process is required to manage (Leach,
2014). In the scope management, the deliverables of the project is again subdivided into the
smaller and more number of components that are manageable till the time the work and the
deliverables are defined to the level of the work package.
Question-7
The project team and the manager of the project will be having one shared goal; in order to
execute the project work and for the purpose of meeting the objectives of the project. Every
project will have a beginning, a mid-period during which the activities that are carried out will
push the project towards the completion, and the ending (Mir & Pinnington, 2014). Typically the

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following four phases are included under a standard project such as initiation, planning,
implementation, and closure. By considering all the phases a path taken by the project is
represented by it from the start to the end. This is referred generally to as the life cycle of the
project.
Initiation phase: The primary phase where the objective of the project and/or its requirement
will be identified. In a project, a response that is appropriate to the requirement is documented
with the options of solutions that are recommended. By conducting the feasibility study on each
of the available options for investigating the one that is addressing the project objective is
determined. The feasibility and justification issues are addressed.
Planning phase: It is the next step where the solution for the project is developed further in
much detail to the possible extent. For meeting the objectives of the project t steps that are
necessary are planned. All the work that has to be done is identified by the team.
Implementation phase: It is the third phase where the plan of the project is put into execution
and the work of the project is achieved. During the implementation, it is significant in preserving
the control and has to be communicated as it is desirable. The progress is monitored continuously
and the modifications that are appropriate are enabled and are noted.
Closing phase: It is the final phase in which the releasing of final deliverables to customers,
giving the documentation of the project to the business, terminating the contract suppliers,
releasing of the resources of the project and communicating the stakeholders about the closing of
the project are emphasized.
Question-8
From the planning phase to the closing of activities which completes the work a project life cycle
incorporates everything. Projects are known to be temporary who will have the specific end dates
defined for completion. The activities of project closure will make sure that the product that has
been created is meeting the requirements of the project (Phillips, 2013). The closure period of the
project will enable to review the successes and limitations for reference in future.
The two main aspects of finalization are transferring the deliverable goods and analyzing the
project.

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1. Transferring the Deliverable Goods: Based on the nature of the project one of the main
aspects of the closing process is delivering the product to the client. For instance, for a specific
client if a new software program is developed, delivering of that software is essential for closing
the project (Schwalbe, 2015). A project of this kind of nature will be requiring the training on the
use of the goods that are delivered.
2. Analyzing the project: Another, important aspect of project closure is analysis. In the
analysis part looking at the success and failures of the project by the project members is
involved. A meeting has to be conducted for the people who have participated in the project for
reviewing the project outcome.
Question-9
Employee conflict is a common occurrence in the workplace, which will be subsequent from the
personalities and the values differences in the employees (Shields & Rangarajan, 2013). The
employee conflict has to be dealt in a timely manner since it is very much important for
maintaining a healthy workplace environment.
Poor communication: Poor communication is considered to be one the key causes of conflicts
between the employees in the workplace. It can be a result of differences in styles of
communication or failure to communicate.
Differences in personalities: The other key cause that results in workplace conflict are
differences among employee personalities (Verzuh, 2015). There are employees who come from
various experiences and backgrounds which plays an important role in shaping their
personalities.
Question-10
According to Thomas, K.W., and R.H. Kilman, the following are the five conflict managing
styles which include:
Accommodating: It has to be applied when you are uniting to a high level and it might be at
your own expense which actually works against the objectives, goals, and the outcomes that are
desired by you. This is effective when the opposite party has the better solution

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Avoiding: It is when the issue is avoided simply. Neither the other party is not helped in
reaching the goals nor own goals are pursued (Walker, 2015). It works if the issue is small or
when there is no chance of winning.
Collaborating: This is when both the parties unite or collaborate in achieving the goals
collectively. This is how the win-lose paradigm is broken and win-win paradigm seeks. It would
be effective in the complex scenarios for finding out the novel solution.
Competing: This is the approach of win-lose. An individual acts in a very assertive way of
achieving the goals without having intention to cooperate with the opposite party.
Compromising: This is the scenario of lose-lose approach where neither of the parties will attain
of what they have expected for. A reasonable level of assistance and firmness is required.
Reference
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Mir, F.A. and Pinnington, A.H., 2014. Exploring the value of project management: linking
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