Effective Project Quality Management: A Detailed Report

This report delves into the critical aspects of managing project quality, providing a comprehensive overview of the processes, tools, and techniques involved. It begins by outlining three basic quality management processes: creating a quality plan, controlling deliverables through quality control, and assuring quality through quality assurance. The report then explores five quality objectives, including quality, speed, flexibility, dependability, and cost, which are crucial in determining quality requirements. It also examines five types of standards used to manage project quality, such as cost-benefit analysis and benchmarking, and discusses the initiation phase of quality management, including the roles of project stakeholders. Furthermore, the report covers quality management plans, common features of project and quality management, quality planning, and the organization's operational environment. The report also includes detailed discussions on quality assurance, quality control, quality metrics, and methods for recording and acting upon quality audits. Finally, it highlights the differences between quality control and quality assurance, control charts, tools and techniques for reviewing project outcomes, and lessons learned in quality management, alongside summative assessments and project examples. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of project quality management in achieving organizational goals and objectives.

Managing Project
Quality

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
ACTIVITY 1....................................................................................................................................1
1) Three basic quality management processes.......................................................................1
2) Five quality objectives considered in determining the quality requirement......................2
3) Five types of standards used to manage project quality.....................................................3
4) Standards used in quality management..............................................................................4
5) Initiation phase of quality management for a project.........................................................4
6) Roles that project stakeholders play in quality management.............................................4
7) Quality management plan..................................................................................................5
8) Four common features of both project and quality management.......................................5
9) Quality planning.................................................................................................................6
10) Main areas of focus for quality management...................................................................7
11) Organisation operational environment considered in quality planning...........................8
12) Quality management plan................................................................................................8
ACTIVITY 2....................................................................................................................................9
1) Quality assurance and its importance to project management...........................................9
2) Five factors that can be audited as a part of a quality assurance audit...............................9
3) Process that can be used to assess project quality............................................................10
4) Tools and techniques that can be used in the process of assessing quality control.........10
5) Quality management metrics...........................................................................................12
6) Methods that can be used to record and act upon a quality audit....................................13
ACTIVITY 3..................................................................................................................................14
1) Difference between quality control and quality assurance..............................................14
2) Control chart for reviewing processes..............................................................................14
3) Use of following tools and techniques used to review project outcomes........................15
4) Lessons learned of quality management..........................................................................22
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT 1..................................................................................................23
Question 1. Project management theory of project quality..................................................23
Question 2. Legislation, codes and national standards that can be applied to project quality
management..........................................................................................................................23
Question 3. Quality management methods, tools and techniques used to resolve the quality
issues.....................................................................................................................................24
Question 4. Roles and responsibilities for personnel types in project management QA.....25
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT 2..................................................................................................27
PROJECT 1....................................................................................................................................27
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................27
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................29

INTRODUCTION
A project is a set of activities in organization which define effective process in order to
achieve goals and objectives in an appropriate manner. Project is based on the amount of work
involved in business. Managing project’s quality is more important for company as it includes
overall activities of business which define the objectives, prime policy and requirement within
quality system. Basically, program quality management is an effective process which is required
in business to ensure about the project’s needs (Wysocki, 2011). This management includes
whole process and activities which are being performed within organization in order to
determine the requirement of quality. This is an essential term for firm to execute right process in
order to achieve the best quality of goals and objectives. This process is involved in every
organization to implement effective strategies and policies to manage the quality of business.
Quality of management helps in determining organization’s products and services with
consistency. It includes four types of components which are important for the organization in
order to achieve same effectively. These components are quality planning, assurance, control and
improvement.
Mainly, quality management focuses on product’s quality and services as well as it also
implements in their business process in order to get customer’s satisfaction by providing quality
products. The project’s quality management is a continuous process to monitor and control all
aspects of project which is performed in the organization. Present report is based on managing
project’s quality which define the way of managing overall activities and performing in
organization to achieve set objectives. Various quality management processes are defined in this
report which are also based on the project process that are having lots of activities in an effective
way (Turner, 2016). Different tools and techniques used in project outcome are also discussed in
this assignment. Further, various legislations, rules, codes and national standards are also defined
here which are applied in project’s quality management that assist in achieving the set goals and
objectives within set time period.
ACTIVITY 1
1) Three basic quality management processes
Quality management process is an essential process in business organization which
manage the effective quality of project and also increase efficiency. It is effective process which
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used in the organization to define and setting quality target and these are agreed by the service
users. This process helps in improving the performance of the team and organization as well.
There are three basic quality management process are as follows: Create a quality plan: This process is creating before manage quality of project. This
plan defines that how the manager understands about requirements of the quality, how to
measure the quality of projects (Tummala and Schoenherr, 2011). Quality plan describe
overall attribute control and assurance which helps in implement in the process in order
to knowing about the quality. Control the quality of deliverables (quality control): It is the effective process to
monitoring the deliverables in order to evaluate overall project quality. This process is
focus on overall performance of the activities. It is responsibility of project manager to
control the quality for deliverable. It includes testing, product checklists and deliverable
reviews. It also known by inspection.
 Assure the quality of deliverables (quality assurance): In this step the quality assurance
defines the quality activities while execution of project in business. This process of
quality assurance helps for the manager and sponsors.
2) Five quality objectives considered in determining the quality requirement
Quality requirement is common process of management of project. It defines the
expectation of customers for quality it includes quality factors, criteria and metrics. It is an
alternatives term for quality criteria (Trkman, 2010). Which is define by the company in order to
satisfy customers demands. There are five quality objectives which is defining in the
management of quality: Quality: This objective is based on the customers who required quality of products in
effective way. It defines the expectation of the service users that what they want from
company. Speed: This is defining the process to evaluate and show the time between requesting and
receiving of products. In this, customers request for the service and products and receives
that items. Between requesting and receiving of service is speed of time (Taticchi, Tonelli
and Cagnazzo, 2010). Flexibility: In this it defines the volume and deliver flexibility which evaluate by the
customers in order to create demand of products.
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 Dependability: It is the effective system which define quality of products so that it is
important to the company because it involve whole process of organisation which define
the intended to reduce the number of failures.
 Cost: It is an amount which is paid by the customers in order to get something like
products and service. It involves fixed and variable cost.
3) Five types of standards used to manage project quality
Manage project quality is more important to the organization because it define all the
activities which perform in the internal process of the business (Sun, 2010). It helps in fulfil all
the requirements which is related to the project. Managing project assist in achieving
organizational goals and objectives in effective manner. There are five types of standard which is
used in the organization to manage project quality:
Cost benefit analysis: - This is the key benefit in order to meet the quality requirements,
this will lead to the higher productivity in the lower cost.
Benchmarking: - The existing project generate the ideas for better improvement of
project quality. It also assist in measure and calculate overall performance.
Design of experiments: - It play the key role in the process of optimizing products. This
aid in reduce sensitivity of performance of products.
Cost of quality: - This incurred in preventing non-conformance to establish project
demands, appraising their conformance of the requirements.
Additional quality planning tools: - This tool used to define situation which helps in
effective planning and quality management activities.
All these tools can be used by an enterprise to measure and maintain the quality of product and
services. By this organization can deliver quality products to its customers and can capture larger
market share. Further competitive advantage can be achieving by firm from using these tools.
4) Standards used in quality management
These standards play very crucial role in the project quality management (Subramanian
and Ramanathan, 2012). The cost analysis helps in making and growing the result at the higher
with the quality and productivity in quite lesser cost and it also provide the great satisfaction to
their customers from the stakeholder of the company. Here the benchmarking is the process
which helps in measure the quality process and its performance. They used in the comparison
performing the organisation from the external sources (Seddon, Calvert and Yang, 2010). The
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design of experiment's main benefit is to framework the changes systematically and it is
important elements which is associated with the project. These conditions also focus on the result
and present the existing of the interactions. Cost of quality is also assist in appraising the
products and the cost of failure is classified into both internal and external costs. That may cause
the poor quality cost. The additional planning help in maintaining the quality effectively and
efficiently for the m activities of the management. This also engage with the matrix diagrams,
flowcharts, affinity diagrams, brainstorming and many more (Sallis, 2014).
5) Initiation phase of quality management for a project
In life cycle of project management, project initiation is the first stage which is starting
up of new project. It includes defining objectives, goals, mission, vision, purpose and scope of
the project. There are six steps which have to be followed when project is initiated. The steps are
given below:
 First step includes develop a business case.
 Second step is undertaking a feasibility study.
 Project charter is established.
 Appointment of project team which is very important for effective execution of a project.
 After that set up the project offline.
 Last stage is that perform a phase review.
There are few steps which are important to be followed when project is started.
6) Roles that project stakeholders play in quality management
An effective project affects the business activities. For successful project, it is more
important to achieve organizational goals and objectives with meeting the expectations of
stakeholders. Stakeholders are the individuals who involve in business process to invest in task
and make effective project which helps in gaining positive results (Schwalbe, 2015).
Stakeholders are play vital role in quality management of the project because they contribute in
the growth of the company. This role of stakeholder influences the knowledge of the project
which helps in maintaining the quality management of the projects. The important responsibility
of stakeholder is monitor and guide the efforts which is related to the organization and legal
regulation. In stakeholder many elements are their like creditors, suppliers. These are more
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important to manage the whole project quality which assist in achieving goals and objectives in
effective manner.
7) Quality management plan
Before controlling and assurance of quality, quality management plan is used in relation
to make the goods and services effective. Basically it is a formal document which define both
quality assurance and quality control in order to maintain the level of quality in the project
(Sadikoglu and Zehir, 2010). It is an effective process of making plan which considered best
guidance that how quality ensure of the project. It also evaluate the clear understanding about the
project quality that evaluate that how to maintain the quality in project terms. This plan is
making by the project team which measure the acceptable level of quality. There are some
components which evaluate and define by the quality management to maintain the effective
process in project:
 Quality objectives
 Reviewed for satisfaction of quality level
 Standard of quality
 Quality control and assurance activities
 Roles and responsibilities of quality
 Quality tools
 Making plan for reporting quality control and problems
8) Four common features of both project and quality management
A project is effective process to achieve organizational goals and objectives in effective
manner. It is effective planning in which define the best in order to making products and
purchase effective products and create service for customers (Ogunlana, 2010). There are some
important features of project:
 Every successful projects having start date and end dates. Which helps in completing
projects timely.
 Project have effective process in order to achieve positive results. All projects are define
with specific results. They having complexity in their process but after completing the
project it show new and innovative things.
 All projects are different from operations.
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 Projects needs many resources in order to deliver its results (Moe, Dingsøyr and Dybå,
2010).
 In project the major and important policies and projects are divided in subprojects.
Features of quality management:
Quality management is effective process which play important role in continuing
improvement of business. It focuses on customer’s satisfaction by providing better quality
products at lower price. Customers focus: In this organization focus of customers’ needs and demands and after
that deliver services accordingly in order to get higher satisfaction by them. Continuous process: It is continuous process which define constant efforts in order to
improve quality of project. It helps in facing all the challenges of the competitors and also
define the customers’ needs in appropriate manner. Employee involvement: In this process every one involve in the project process. It also
defines the finance, marketing, accounting which helps in evaluating the quality of
project. Employees are the back bone of the organization in order to attain success.
 Recognition and reward: It is internal process of the company (Meals, Dressing and
Davenport, 2010). Through rewards the company can maintain their positive workforce
which assist in improving of the quality of project.
9) Quality planning
It is the representation or many number of document which are define quality standard,
resources, practices, specifications, and also list all the activities related to the particular product,
service, contact and project. It is systematic process which explain various objectives, policies
and requirements and also lays down sequence off steps within given time period. It is not only
important that projects are completed in time but also it is important that make sure quality
assurance. Everybody knows the meaning of quality but it is important to understand the how
quality is used in project management. Quality of product is also can be determined by the level
of customer satisfaction. It is important to manufacture product which is related to that quality
standard which have to be matched with the customers need. These includes various practices
which have to be followed by the organisation for quality assurance.
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10) Main areas of focus for quality management
Quality management is an important process for organization which maintain the overall
quality of the project. It defines their main and important components which are helpful in
achieving end results such as quality planning, quality assurance, quality control and
improvement (Malhotra and Temponi, 2010). It is focus on product quality and also put efforts
on aching more quality consistent. There are some main areas of focus for quality management
in organisation are as follows: Customers focus: The main aim and function of quality management is to meet the
customer’s requirement and also increase the expectation of customers for the products
and service which served by the company in order to get higher satisfaction level by
them. Improvement: Quality management is basically focus on improvement which assist in
achieving effective outcomes and maintain effective process. Engagement of people: It is more important for the organization to empower and engage
all the employees and people in order to enhance the capability to evaluate the deliver
values in appropriate manner. Evidence based decision making: In this area decision making process is based on the
evaluation of data and other analysis which determine the desired results.
 Relationship management: In order to attain higher success, it is more important for the
business organization to manage its relationship with stakeholders.
All these are the main areas of managing quality by focusing on these areas firm can
increase the number of its profit and can deliver better products than its competitors. One of the
main advantage of managing quality is that it increases the goodwill and positive image of
organization.
11) Organisation operational environment considered in quality planning
Basically operation environment is an effective combination of all the factors which
influence the working process and also employment in the organization. It adding new
information of situational awareness so that workforce evaluates effective production in the
company (Leach, 2014). There are some key aspects of operational environment which is
considered in planning of quality are as follows:
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 Risk management: It is main and important key aspect of operational environment
which define proper management of risk at workplace. In organisation it defines proper
management of quality project which considered the appropriate mitigation plan in order
to evaluate the quality risk in working process. Enough resources: It is more important to define the effective workforce in operational
environment in order to evaluate the effective process of production (Kim, Kumar and
Kumar, 2012). Enough resources are more essential for the company to introduce the best
activities of the organization which maintain the project quality.
 Appropriate use of raw material: In operational environment the raw material is also
more important to run business at market with smoothness. Proper use of material in
organization helps in maintain the product quality and evaluate customer’s expectations.
These aspects are more effective and essential which should be consider in quality
planning in order to mention the overall performance of company. It helps in decision making
process which is take by the project team to develop the quality of project.
12) Quality management plan
Quality management plan define the quality level in organization. It is evaluated by the
customers and also describe that how project will ensure the quality level of project. It also
evaluated the overall performance of the process in workplace. Basically it provides effective
and useful guideline of project review and other protocol which is related to the project in
business organization. This plan of quality is generated by the project team to mention
organizational objectives. In every organization the project manager develops and define quality
plan which describe the process of the work and evaluate the project deliverable which helps in
meet the quality standard (Kerzner, 2013). There are some important components involved in the
quality management plan which are as follows:
 Objectives of quality
 Evaluate the key project deliverable which reviewed for satisfaction for quality stage
 Standard of quality
 Quality control and assurance activities
 Roles and responsibilities of quality
 Quality tools
 Develop effective plan for quality control and assurance
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These components helpful for project manager to evaluate the effective quality
management plan in order to meet customer’s expectations in an effective manner. Main
advantage of quality planning is that it provides opportunity to the manager to decide all the
activities of enterprise in advance and collected all the resources required for it.
ACTIVITY 2
1) Quality assurance and its importance to project management
Quality assurance is a way of preventing defects and mistakes in manufactured goods and
avoiding issues when delivering services or solutions to buyers. This term is often used
interchangeably to refer several ways of ensuring the product and service quality. It is a wider
concept that covers whole systematic activities and policies implemented with a system of
quality (Jacobs and Chase, 2013). It is all regarding meeting the expectations and needs of
buyers with respect to design, functionality, durability, reliability and price of the product etc.
Importance to product management:
 An idea exists in a management of project in that quality is only applicable towards
installation and manufacture of hardware. QA in projects spans the whole function of
project management and execution of processes which include quality assurance.
 QA ensure that the service and product quality exceeds and meets the buyer’s
requirements, so it is very important.
It is more essentials process to set the standard and SMART benchmarks as well as
control costs and delegates responsibility.
2) Five factors that can be audited as a part of a quality assurance audit
There are five factor of audited as per the type of quality assurance audit are as follows:
Research aim and objectives: It is a very essential part in a quality assurance to achieve
aims and objectives as well as improve product quality in a better way.
Data Validity: It is the best process of ensuring that events & programs are operates on
correct, useful and clean data of product and services.
Data Reliability: It is a state that present when data and information are sufficiently done
and error free to be persuasive for its context and purpose (Hoang and Rothaermel, 2010). Data
must meet another product test for evidence.
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Research limitation: Research will have several limitations, however, it is essential for
any organisation to be striving to decrease the range of limitation scope throughout the process
of research and give the limitation acknowledgement in an honest way.
Data analysis methods: There are two methods like Qualitative and Quantitative research
both are very important to measure the quality assurance audit.
3) Process that can be used to assess project quality
Project quality defines customers taste and preferences to evaluate their requirement.
Expectation and requirements can be measurable. But for the getting success of the project it
converts into specification which is measurable. In order to manage project quality, it is more
important to understand about the quality and how it related to the project. Measurement of
project quality is more important to evaluate the overall performance of the organization. For
better measuring the quality project it is responsibility of manager to meet the expectation of
quality of the service users (Gunny, 2010). For this, it is more important to define the
management of process. It is very hard to implement in the project because it controls the quality
level and provide assurance of customers that the project define the effective results which meet
their expectation in order to achieve positive outcomes. For better measuring the quality of
project there are three stage which help in describing the overall performance: Develop a quality
plan, quality control of deliverable and assurance of the quality level. These are assist in
measuring the customer’s expectation and maintaining project’s quality effectively.
4) Tools and techniques that can be used in the process of assessing quality control
Quality control defines the overall management of the quality project. It is an effective
system which maintain the standard of products with the help of testing of the sample in order to
evaluate the actual performance of the products at marketplace. It helps in ensuring the quality of
products at working place. It involve the training process, creating benchmarking and testing
products in order to evaluate and measure the significant variations. The main role of quality
management control is reduce the defective products and damage from the company and also
protect the customers. This process is depend on the product which is expected by the consumers
in order to satisfying their needs and wants in appropriate manner. This process of quality control
used for the quality assurance. There are some important tools and techniques which is used in
the process of measuring the quality control in the business process:
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