PSRM7032: Strategic Risk Management for Newcastle Freeman Hospital
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AI Summary
This report provides a strategic analysis and project plan for Newcastle Freeman Hospital's implementation of 5G-enabled robotic surgery. It begins with an executive summary, followed by a background of the organization, highlighting its commitment to advanced technology in cancer treatment. A strategic audit examines the hospital's internal and external environments using PESTEL and SWOT analyses, assessing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Section 1 details the organization's commitment, outlines a project plan with a one-year plan, and discusses qualitative and quantitative techniques, along with stakeholder management and communication. Section 2 covers budgeting, forecasting, and ROI, followed by a financial appraisal. Section 3 focuses on risk management, including risk analysis using force field analysis, risk evaluation development, resource assessment, and constraint analysis. The report emphasizes the challenges of implementing the technology, including the need for a strong 5G network and advanced robotic arms, and the strategic caution the hospital is taking in its approach. The report offers a comprehensive overview of the project's scope, risks, and potential benefits.
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Running Head: PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
PSRM7032: Project and Strategic Risk Management
Name of the Student
Name of the University
PSRM7032: Project and Strategic Risk Management
Name of the Student
Name of the University
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1PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
Executive Summary
This report is based on the strategic analysis and project planning for Newcastle
Freeman Hospital that is looking to implement the new robotic surgery technology
within the next 2-3 years. This particular technology requires strong 5G network and
the doctors are able to conduct surgery from a remote location whereas the robotic
arms are on site conducting the surgery process as per the control of the surgeon.
This is currently an experimental technology that is now under testing in China and
UK will be able to utilise this technology once the network is upgraded to 5G within
the end of next year.
Executive Summary
This report is based on the strategic analysis and project planning for Newcastle
Freeman Hospital that is looking to implement the new robotic surgery technology
within the next 2-3 years. This particular technology requires strong 5G network and
the doctors are able to conduct surgery from a remote location whereas the robotic
arms are on site conducting the surgery process as per the control of the surgeon.
This is currently an experimental technology that is now under testing in China and
UK will be able to utilise this technology once the network is upgraded to 5G within
the end of next year.

2PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
Table of Contents
Background of the Organisation.................................................................................3
Strategic Audit............................................................................................................ 3
Section 1.................................................................................................................... 8
1.1 Strength of Organisation’s Commitment...........................................................8
1.2 Project Plan....................................................................................................... 8
1.3 One Year Plan for the Project..........................................................................10
1.4 Qualitative and Quantitative Techniques........................................................11
1.5 Stakeholder Management and Communication Plan.......................................12
Section 2.................................................................................................................. 12
2.1 Critical Discussion on Budgeting, Forecasting and ROI...................................12
2.2 Financial Appraisal of the Project....................................................................13
Section 3.................................................................................................................. 15
3.1 Risk Management............................................................................................ 15
3.2 Risk Analysis using Force Field Analysis..........................................................15
3.3 Development of Risk Evaluation......................................................................17
3.4 Assessing Resource Capability and Necessity.................................................17
3.5 Development and Application of Constraint Analysis......................................18
Section 4.................................................................................................................. 19
References............................................................................................................... 20
Table of Contents
Background of the Organisation.................................................................................3
Strategic Audit............................................................................................................ 3
Section 1.................................................................................................................... 8
1.1 Strength of Organisation’s Commitment...........................................................8
1.2 Project Plan....................................................................................................... 8
1.3 One Year Plan for the Project..........................................................................10
1.4 Qualitative and Quantitative Techniques........................................................11
1.5 Stakeholder Management and Communication Plan.......................................12
Section 2.................................................................................................................. 12
2.1 Critical Discussion on Budgeting, Forecasting and ROI...................................12
2.2 Financial Appraisal of the Project....................................................................13
Section 3.................................................................................................................. 15
3.1 Risk Management............................................................................................ 15
3.2 Risk Analysis using Force Field Analysis..........................................................15
3.3 Development of Risk Evaluation......................................................................17
3.4 Assessing Resource Capability and Necessity.................................................17
3.5 Development and Application of Constraint Analysis......................................18
Section 4.................................................................................................................. 19
References............................................................................................................... 20

3PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
Background of the Organisation
The organisation that has been chosen for study and analysis regarding
implementation of new technology is Newcastle Freeman Hospital, a cancer and
other diseases treatment hospital based in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. The hospital is
well known and reputed for using advanced technologies in cancer treatment
procedures that have benefitted thousands of patients with initial or intermediate
stage cancers. With time, cancer research has been developed significantly and
also, various new technologies are being developed that are utilised for various
treatment processes (Nunna et al. 2015). Newcastle Freeman Hospital promotes the
use of latest technologies that are much more effective in cancer treatment
including diagnosis and surgery. The hospital has further plans for implementing
new technical devices that even further enhance the current operations. One such
technology proposed in the utilisation of 5G network connection for robotic surgery
process in which, the surgeon can operate from a remote location by using a robot
to perform the surgery process. This particular technology has already been
through initial testing in China where surgery has been successfully performed on a
test animal using the robot and 5G network connection (Zhang, Liu and Zhao 2018).
Similar technology is currently under development in UK and Newcastle Freeman
Hospital is one of the frontrunners in the country to implement this technology for
cancer diagnosis and tumour surgery.
Strategic Audit
The main strategic direction of Newcastle Freeman Hospital is to utilise highly
advanced technology in order to provide maximum quality of services to the cancer
Background of the Organisation
The organisation that has been chosen for study and analysis regarding
implementation of new technology is Newcastle Freeman Hospital, a cancer and
other diseases treatment hospital based in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. The hospital is
well known and reputed for using advanced technologies in cancer treatment
procedures that have benefitted thousands of patients with initial or intermediate
stage cancers. With time, cancer research has been developed significantly and
also, various new technologies are being developed that are utilised for various
treatment processes (Nunna et al. 2015). Newcastle Freeman Hospital promotes the
use of latest technologies that are much more effective in cancer treatment
including diagnosis and surgery. The hospital has further plans for implementing
new technical devices that even further enhance the current operations. One such
technology proposed in the utilisation of 5G network connection for robotic surgery
process in which, the surgeon can operate from a remote location by using a robot
to perform the surgery process. This particular technology has already been
through initial testing in China where surgery has been successfully performed on a
test animal using the robot and 5G network connection (Zhang, Liu and Zhao 2018).
Similar technology is currently under development in UK and Newcastle Freeman
Hospital is one of the frontrunners in the country to implement this technology for
cancer diagnosis and tumour surgery.
Strategic Audit
The main strategic direction of Newcastle Freeman Hospital is to utilise highly
advanced technology in order to provide maximum quality of services to the cancer
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4PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
patients. Cancer is a major disease that is yet to have a complete cure. Various
surgeries and medical operations like chemotherapy are performed on the affected
patients but these treatments only provide temporary solution as the cancer has
extremely high chance of returning back again after sometime. Newcastle Freeman
Hospital has a research and development (R & D) department that is focussed on
implementing new and advanced technology in the current medical operations in
the hospital (Zhang, Liu and Zhao 2018). While diagnosis and treatment costs at the
hospital are significantly higher than other cancer hospitals in UK, the treatments
are much more effective and helpful for the patients. Hence, the hospital has
customers from various parts of Europe and has a strong flow of revenue
throughout the year, a large portion of which is spent on the research and
development department.
Considering the nature of this particular project, the proposed technological
implementation will benefit the patients significantly as the success rates of the
cancer surgeries are expected to increase by a considerable margin. Furthermore,
the situations in which the patients are deferred from the hospital due to absence of
the doctors will be minimised as with the robotic surgery, the doctors will be able to
perform surgery on the patients from a remote location (Lema et al. 2017).
However, one major constraint in this regard is that the doctor must have 5G
network available that is currently still under research and development and will
take some time for global implementation. Hence, the project cannot be initiated
until 5G network is not fully functioning in the country. Moreover, further research is
required for the development of the advanced robot that will be able to perform the
surgery on a human body (Soldani et al. 2017). The initial test robots used in China
are only suitable for operating small animals and are not yet safe and suitable for
patients. Cancer is a major disease that is yet to have a complete cure. Various
surgeries and medical operations like chemotherapy are performed on the affected
patients but these treatments only provide temporary solution as the cancer has
extremely high chance of returning back again after sometime. Newcastle Freeman
Hospital has a research and development (R & D) department that is focussed on
implementing new and advanced technology in the current medical operations in
the hospital (Zhang, Liu and Zhao 2018). While diagnosis and treatment costs at the
hospital are significantly higher than other cancer hospitals in UK, the treatments
are much more effective and helpful for the patients. Hence, the hospital has
customers from various parts of Europe and has a strong flow of revenue
throughout the year, a large portion of which is spent on the research and
development department.
Considering the nature of this particular project, the proposed technological
implementation will benefit the patients significantly as the success rates of the
cancer surgeries are expected to increase by a considerable margin. Furthermore,
the situations in which the patients are deferred from the hospital due to absence of
the doctors will be minimised as with the robotic surgery, the doctors will be able to
perform surgery on the patients from a remote location (Lema et al. 2017).
However, one major constraint in this regard is that the doctor must have 5G
network available that is currently still under research and development and will
take some time for global implementation. Hence, the project cannot be initiated
until 5G network is not fully functioning in the country. Moreover, further research is
required for the development of the advanced robot that will be able to perform the
surgery on a human body (Soldani et al. 2017). The initial test robots used in China
are only suitable for operating small animals and are not yet safe and suitable for

5PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
human operations. Hence, considering the major constraints in the project, it is
evident that the overall project will require a huge amount of investment from the
organisation throughout a period of 2-3 years. However, the organisation has decide
to proceed with strategic caution and hence, developed an initial one year plan that
will be further extended once the desired technological devices and upgrades are
available for use.
Analysis of Internal and External Environment of the Organisation
The overall external environment of Newcastle Freeman Hospital (NFH) can
be analysed using PESTEL analysis as follows.
Political – The political stability of UK where NFH operates presents the
opportunity for the organisation to launch various types of technology-aided
services in healthcare without any restrictions or political oppositions. However,
considering the critical nature of the technology in this project, there may be some
resistance by some opposition political parties regarding the ethicality of the robotic
surgery process.
Economic – Newcastle Freeman Hospital is one of the largest in UK and has a
strong revenue stream throughout the year. Moreover, the hospital also receives
occasional government funding for various medical research projects that focus on
developing new techniques using technology for combating diseases and other
problems with more efficiency and accuracy. Hence, economy for the organisation
is very much favourable for Newcastle Freeman Hospital.
Social – Social factor is generally favourable for Newcastle Freeman Hospital
as patients from entire UK as well as various parts of Europe and other parts of the
human operations. Hence, considering the major constraints in the project, it is
evident that the overall project will require a huge amount of investment from the
organisation throughout a period of 2-3 years. However, the organisation has decide
to proceed with strategic caution and hence, developed an initial one year plan that
will be further extended once the desired technological devices and upgrades are
available for use.
Analysis of Internal and External Environment of the Organisation
The overall external environment of Newcastle Freeman Hospital (NFH) can
be analysed using PESTEL analysis as follows.
Political – The political stability of UK where NFH operates presents the
opportunity for the organisation to launch various types of technology-aided
services in healthcare without any restrictions or political oppositions. However,
considering the critical nature of the technology in this project, there may be some
resistance by some opposition political parties regarding the ethicality of the robotic
surgery process.
Economic – Newcastle Freeman Hospital is one of the largest in UK and has a
strong revenue stream throughout the year. Moreover, the hospital also receives
occasional government funding for various medical research projects that focus on
developing new techniques using technology for combating diseases and other
problems with more efficiency and accuracy. Hence, economy for the organisation
is very much favourable for Newcastle Freeman Hospital.
Social – Social factor is generally favourable for Newcastle Freeman Hospital
as patients from entire UK as well as various parts of Europe and other parts of the

6PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
world come to the hospital for treatment of serious diseases and illnesses. With the
strategic direction of the company focussing on enhanced surgery and treatment
processes using technology for the convenience and treatment of the patients, it is
expected that the social factor will further favour the company. However, there are
also other factors like untested technology and low chances for accurate treatment
of surgery, high pricing for each surgery or treatment process and others.
Technological – Newcastle Freeman Hospital is always known to be investing
in research and development of medical technology that can aid and enhance the
quality of medical services and treatments provided to the patients. Furthermore,
due to the huge amount of revenue generated each year as well as sufficient
government funding, the organisation can invest heavily in the medical research
and development department. Thus, Newcastle Freeman has favourable
technological factor in its strategic direction.
Environmental – One of the most recent strategies of Newcastle Freeman is
to utilise biodegradable and environment friendly equipments and medical devices
for the treatment of the patients. Every year, there is a huge amount of medical
wastes generated by the hospitals that can negatively impact the environment if
not disposed properly. Hence, Newcastle Freeman needs to focus on these factors
before implementing new medical technology.
Legal – The legal factors in this particular project involves ethical use of
various new medical technologies while operating or treating a patient in the
hospital. There might be severe legal issues if untested technologies are used on
the patients without their consent.
world come to the hospital for treatment of serious diseases and illnesses. With the
strategic direction of the company focussing on enhanced surgery and treatment
processes using technology for the convenience and treatment of the patients, it is
expected that the social factor will further favour the company. However, there are
also other factors like untested technology and low chances for accurate treatment
of surgery, high pricing for each surgery or treatment process and others.
Technological – Newcastle Freeman Hospital is always known to be investing
in research and development of medical technology that can aid and enhance the
quality of medical services and treatments provided to the patients. Furthermore,
due to the huge amount of revenue generated each year as well as sufficient
government funding, the organisation can invest heavily in the medical research
and development department. Thus, Newcastle Freeman has favourable
technological factor in its strategic direction.
Environmental – One of the most recent strategies of Newcastle Freeman is
to utilise biodegradable and environment friendly equipments and medical devices
for the treatment of the patients. Every year, there is a huge amount of medical
wastes generated by the hospitals that can negatively impact the environment if
not disposed properly. Hence, Newcastle Freeman needs to focus on these factors
before implementing new medical technology.
Legal – The legal factors in this particular project involves ethical use of
various new medical technologies while operating or treating a patient in the
hospital. There might be severe legal issues if untested technologies are used on
the patients without their consent.
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7PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
The internal environment of the organisation can be analysed through SWOT
analysis as shown in the following table.
Strength Weakness
The main strength of the organisation is
that it has a strong brand value and is
one of the most preferable destinations
for patients seeking treatments for
diseases like cancer. Thus, a strong
revenue stream is always available for
the organisation. In addition, there are
also government funding for the
organisation that it can invest in medical
research and development.
Considering the internal factors
associated with the organisation, there
are no significant weaknesses as the
organisation always stays updated with
latest technical setup and the nurses
and the support staff are kept well
trained and updated.
Opportunity Threat
The introduction of the new 5G
technology presents the hospital with
the opportunity to research and
implement the new proposed robotic
surgery technique that can increase the
efficiency and success rates of various
complex surgeries.
The main threat is that entire technical
setup required is very complex and
expensive and moreover, many other
hospitals are also looking to implement
this new technology after the initial test
results from China have been published.
The internal environment of the organisation can be analysed through SWOT
analysis as shown in the following table.
Strength Weakness
The main strength of the organisation is
that it has a strong brand value and is
one of the most preferable destinations
for patients seeking treatments for
diseases like cancer. Thus, a strong
revenue stream is always available for
the organisation. In addition, there are
also government funding for the
organisation that it can invest in medical
research and development.
Considering the internal factors
associated with the organisation, there
are no significant weaknesses as the
organisation always stays updated with
latest technical setup and the nurses
and the support staff are kept well
trained and updated.
Opportunity Threat
The introduction of the new 5G
technology presents the hospital with
the opportunity to research and
implement the new proposed robotic
surgery technique that can increase the
efficiency and success rates of various
complex surgeries.
The main threat is that entire technical
setup required is very complex and
expensive and moreover, many other
hospitals are also looking to implement
this new technology after the initial test
results from China have been published.

8PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
Section 1
1.1 Strength of Organisation’s Commitment
Newcastle Freeman uses a customer centric business model and focuses
strongly on the enhancement of the treatment procedures and surgeries for the
treatment of the patients. Newcastle Freeman Hospital promotes the use of latest
technologies that are much more effective in cancer treatment including diagnosis
and surgery. The hospital has further plans for implementing new technical devices
that even further enhance the current operations. One such technology proposed in
the utilisation of 5G network connection for robotic surgery process in which, the
surgeon can operate from a remote location by using a robot to perform the surgery
process. The main benefit of utilising these advanced technologies is that it
enhances the accuracy and success of complex surgeries. Moreover, with the
robotic surgery technology, the doctors will be able to conduct surgeries remotely.
Thus, it is evident that the organisation is completely committed to provide high
quality treatment procedures for the patients so that the success rates of the
surgeries and other treatments are boosted massively with the assist of technology.
1.2 Project Plan
The overall project involves the implementation of the 5G Robotic Surgery
Technology within the period of next 2-3 years or more. The main requirements of
the project include a strong 5G network and highly advanced robotic arm that is
able to perform critical and complex activities like surgery on human body. Once 5G
network is available in UK from the end of 2020, the organisation will be able to
implement the robotic surgery technology in which, the robotic arms will perform
the surgery as controlled by the surgeon from a remote location using the 5G
Section 1
1.1 Strength of Organisation’s Commitment
Newcastle Freeman uses a customer centric business model and focuses
strongly on the enhancement of the treatment procedures and surgeries for the
treatment of the patients. Newcastle Freeman Hospital promotes the use of latest
technologies that are much more effective in cancer treatment including diagnosis
and surgery. The hospital has further plans for implementing new technical devices
that even further enhance the current operations. One such technology proposed in
the utilisation of 5G network connection for robotic surgery process in which, the
surgeon can operate from a remote location by using a robot to perform the surgery
process. The main benefit of utilising these advanced technologies is that it
enhances the accuracy and success of complex surgeries. Moreover, with the
robotic surgery technology, the doctors will be able to conduct surgeries remotely.
Thus, it is evident that the organisation is completely committed to provide high
quality treatment procedures for the patients so that the success rates of the
surgeries and other treatments are boosted massively with the assist of technology.
1.2 Project Plan
The overall project involves the implementation of the 5G Robotic Surgery
Technology within the period of next 2-3 years or more. The main requirements of
the project include a strong 5G network and highly advanced robotic arm that is
able to perform critical and complex activities like surgery on human body. Once 5G
network is available in UK from the end of 2020, the organisation will be able to
implement the robotic surgery technology in which, the robotic arms will perform
the surgery as controlled by the surgeon from a remote location using the 5G

9PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
internet connection. Any less developed network like 4G is not desired as it will
result in lag in the robot from the instructions and the surgery process may be
affected negatively. As per the requirements of the project, research will be initiated
on the robotic surgery technology and once 5G network is available, testing can be
initiated on test animals before receiving license and implementing in the new
robotic surgery wing of the hospital.
Based on the requirements of the project, the work breakdown structure can
be developed as follows.
WBS Task Name
0 One Year Plan for 5G Robotic Surgery Launch
1 Technological Planning
1.1 Determine the Technical Requirements for the Robotic Surgery
1.2 Provide Funding for the Research and Development Team
1.3 Develop the Technical Setup Required for the Robotic Surgery Purpose
1.4 Testing of the Technical Setup Prototype
1.5 Demo Testing of the Prototype
2 Property Purchase
2.1 Purchase Property for Setting Up Robotic Surgery Wing of the Hospital
2.2 Set Up Basic Hospital Amenities in the New Wing
3 Technological Implementation
3.1 Installation and Implementation of 5G Network for the Surgery
3.2 Installation of Technical Set Up for Robotic Surgery
3.3 Testing of the Working of Surgery Robots
3.4 Testing of the 5G Network
3.5 Use Test Animals for Conducting Remote Surgery with Robots
4 Robotic Surgery Wing Opening
4.1 Open Hospital Wing for Patients
4.2 Use of Robotic Surgery Process on the Cancer Patients
4.3 Deduction of Purchase Value from the Amazon Pay Balance of the Customers
4.4 Monitor the Success of the Robotic Surgery Processes
4.5 Receive Feedbacks from the Surgeons Regarding the Entire Surgery Process
5 Review and Future Planning
5.1 Review the Effectiveness of the Technology
5.2 Review the Surgeons' Feedbacks
5.3 Determine the Projected Success Rates for the Robotic Surgery Process in Next Few Years
5.4 Develop Future Planning for Implementing Robotic Surgery in More Areas
5.5 Develop and Submit Documentation
1.3 One Year Plan for the Project
The one year plan for the project is shown in the following table.
WBS Task Name Duration Start Finish
0 One Year Plan for 5G Robotic Surgery Launch 340 days Tue 03-03- Mon 21-06-21
internet connection. Any less developed network like 4G is not desired as it will
result in lag in the robot from the instructions and the surgery process may be
affected negatively. As per the requirements of the project, research will be initiated
on the robotic surgery technology and once 5G network is available, testing can be
initiated on test animals before receiving license and implementing in the new
robotic surgery wing of the hospital.
Based on the requirements of the project, the work breakdown structure can
be developed as follows.
WBS Task Name
0 One Year Plan for 5G Robotic Surgery Launch
1 Technological Planning
1.1 Determine the Technical Requirements for the Robotic Surgery
1.2 Provide Funding for the Research and Development Team
1.3 Develop the Technical Setup Required for the Robotic Surgery Purpose
1.4 Testing of the Technical Setup Prototype
1.5 Demo Testing of the Prototype
2 Property Purchase
2.1 Purchase Property for Setting Up Robotic Surgery Wing of the Hospital
2.2 Set Up Basic Hospital Amenities in the New Wing
3 Technological Implementation
3.1 Installation and Implementation of 5G Network for the Surgery
3.2 Installation of Technical Set Up for Robotic Surgery
3.3 Testing of the Working of Surgery Robots
3.4 Testing of the 5G Network
3.5 Use Test Animals for Conducting Remote Surgery with Robots
4 Robotic Surgery Wing Opening
4.1 Open Hospital Wing for Patients
4.2 Use of Robotic Surgery Process on the Cancer Patients
4.3 Deduction of Purchase Value from the Amazon Pay Balance of the Customers
4.4 Monitor the Success of the Robotic Surgery Processes
4.5 Receive Feedbacks from the Surgeons Regarding the Entire Surgery Process
5 Review and Future Planning
5.1 Review the Effectiveness of the Technology
5.2 Review the Surgeons' Feedbacks
5.3 Determine the Projected Success Rates for the Robotic Surgery Process in Next Few Years
5.4 Develop Future Planning for Implementing Robotic Surgery in More Areas
5.5 Develop and Submit Documentation
1.3 One Year Plan for the Project
The one year plan for the project is shown in the following table.
WBS Task Name Duration Start Finish
0 One Year Plan for 5G Robotic Surgery Launch 340 days Tue 03-03- Mon 21-06-21
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10PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
20
1 Technological Planning 115 days Tue 03-03-
20 Mon 10-08-20
1.1 Determine the Technical Requirements for the Robotic
Surgery 30 days Tue 03-03-20 Mon 13-04-20
1.2 Provide Funding for the Research and Development
Team 15 days Tue 14-04-20 Mon 04-05-20
1.3 Develop the Technical Setup Required for the Robotic
Surgery Purpose 40 days Tue 05-05-20 Mon 29-06-20
1.4 Testing of the Technical Setup Prototype 15 days Tue 30-06-20 Mon 20-07-20
1.5 Demo Testing of the Prototype 15 days Tue 21-07-20 Mon 10-08-20
2 Property Purchase 60 days Tue 11-08-
20 Mon 02-11-20
2.1 Purchase Property for Setting Up Robotic Surgery Wing
of the Hospital 30 days Tue 11-08-20 Mon 21-09-20
2.2 Set Up Basic Hospital Amenities in the New Wing 30 days Tue 22-09-20 Mon 02-11-20
3 Technological Implementation 50 days Tue 03-11-
20 Mon 11-01-21
3.1 Installation and Implementation of 5G Network for the
Surgery 10 days Tue 03-11-20 Mon 16-11-20
3.2 Installation of Technical Set Up for Robotic Surgery 10 days Tue 17-11-20 Mon 30-11-20
3.3 Testing of the Working of Surgery Robots 10 days Tue 01-12-20 Mon 14-12-20
3.4 Testing of the 5G Network 10 days Tue 15-12-20 Mon 28-12-20
3.5 Use Test Animals for Conducting Remote Surgery with
Robots 10 days Tue 29-12-20 Mon 11-01-21
4 Robotic Surgery Wing Opening 50 days Tue 12-01-
21 Mon 22-03-21
4.1 Open Hospital Wing for Patients 5 days Tue 12-01-21 Mon 18-01-21
4.2 Use of Robotic Surgery Process on the Cancer Patients 45 days Tue 19-01-21 Mon 22-03-21
4.3 Deduction of Purchase Value from the Amazon Pay
Balance of the Customers 45 days Tue 19-01-21 Mon 22-03-21
4.4 Monitor the Success of the Robotic Surgery Processes 45 days Tue 19-01-21 Mon 22-03-21
4.5 Receive Feedbacks from the Surgeons Regarding the
Entire Surgery Process 45 days Tue 19-01-21 Mon 22-03-21
5 Review and Future Planning 65 days Tue 23-03-
21 Mon 21-06-21
5.1 Review the Effectiveness of the Technology 5 days Tue 23-03-21 Mon 29-03-21
5.2 Review the Surgeons' Feedbacks 15 days Tue 30-03-21 Mon 19-04-21
20
1 Technological Planning 115 days Tue 03-03-
20 Mon 10-08-20
1.1 Determine the Technical Requirements for the Robotic
Surgery 30 days Tue 03-03-20 Mon 13-04-20
1.2 Provide Funding for the Research and Development
Team 15 days Tue 14-04-20 Mon 04-05-20
1.3 Develop the Technical Setup Required for the Robotic
Surgery Purpose 40 days Tue 05-05-20 Mon 29-06-20
1.4 Testing of the Technical Setup Prototype 15 days Tue 30-06-20 Mon 20-07-20
1.5 Demo Testing of the Prototype 15 days Tue 21-07-20 Mon 10-08-20
2 Property Purchase 60 days Tue 11-08-
20 Mon 02-11-20
2.1 Purchase Property for Setting Up Robotic Surgery Wing
of the Hospital 30 days Tue 11-08-20 Mon 21-09-20
2.2 Set Up Basic Hospital Amenities in the New Wing 30 days Tue 22-09-20 Mon 02-11-20
3 Technological Implementation 50 days Tue 03-11-
20 Mon 11-01-21
3.1 Installation and Implementation of 5G Network for the
Surgery 10 days Tue 03-11-20 Mon 16-11-20
3.2 Installation of Technical Set Up for Robotic Surgery 10 days Tue 17-11-20 Mon 30-11-20
3.3 Testing of the Working of Surgery Robots 10 days Tue 01-12-20 Mon 14-12-20
3.4 Testing of the 5G Network 10 days Tue 15-12-20 Mon 28-12-20
3.5 Use Test Animals for Conducting Remote Surgery with
Robots 10 days Tue 29-12-20 Mon 11-01-21
4 Robotic Surgery Wing Opening 50 days Tue 12-01-
21 Mon 22-03-21
4.1 Open Hospital Wing for Patients 5 days Tue 12-01-21 Mon 18-01-21
4.2 Use of Robotic Surgery Process on the Cancer Patients 45 days Tue 19-01-21 Mon 22-03-21
4.3 Deduction of Purchase Value from the Amazon Pay
Balance of the Customers 45 days Tue 19-01-21 Mon 22-03-21
4.4 Monitor the Success of the Robotic Surgery Processes 45 days Tue 19-01-21 Mon 22-03-21
4.5 Receive Feedbacks from the Surgeons Regarding the
Entire Surgery Process 45 days Tue 19-01-21 Mon 22-03-21
5 Review and Future Planning 65 days Tue 23-03-
21 Mon 21-06-21
5.1 Review the Effectiveness of the Technology 5 days Tue 23-03-21 Mon 29-03-21
5.2 Review the Surgeons' Feedbacks 15 days Tue 30-03-21 Mon 19-04-21

11PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
5.3 Determine the Projected Success Rates for the Robotic
Surgery Process in Next Few Years 15 days Tue 20-04-21 Mon 10-05-21
5.4 Develop Future Planning for Implementing Robotic
Surgery in More Areas 10 days Tue 11-05-21 Mon 24-05-21
5.5 Develop and Submit Documentation 20 days Tue 25-05-21 Mon 21-06-21
1.4 Qualitative and Quantitative Techniques
The recommended qualitative technique for evaluating and monitoring the
impact of improvement plan is to collect feedbacks from the patients and their
families and analyse the same in detail.
The recommended quantitative technique for evaluating and monitoring the
impact of improvement plan is to analyse the potential benefits of the new
technology on the surgery and treatment processes.
The SMART measures to monitor and manage the proposed project are as
follows.
Specific – To identify if the implemented technology is acceptable to the
patients
Measurable – To determine if the surgery success and accuracy in increased
after the implementation of the technology
Attainable – To achieve 99% success in complex cancer surgeries within 2
years of implementation of the technology
Relevant – To determine if the proposed implementation can be further
enhanced and there are future opportunities new medical technologies
5.3 Determine the Projected Success Rates for the Robotic
Surgery Process in Next Few Years 15 days Tue 20-04-21 Mon 10-05-21
5.4 Develop Future Planning for Implementing Robotic
Surgery in More Areas 10 days Tue 11-05-21 Mon 24-05-21
5.5 Develop and Submit Documentation 20 days Tue 25-05-21 Mon 21-06-21
1.4 Qualitative and Quantitative Techniques
The recommended qualitative technique for evaluating and monitoring the
impact of improvement plan is to collect feedbacks from the patients and their
families and analyse the same in detail.
The recommended quantitative technique for evaluating and monitoring the
impact of improvement plan is to analyse the potential benefits of the new
technology on the surgery and treatment processes.
The SMART measures to monitor and manage the proposed project are as
follows.
Specific – To identify if the implemented technology is acceptable to the
patients
Measurable – To determine if the surgery success and accuracy in increased
after the implementation of the technology
Attainable – To achieve 99% success in complex cancer surgeries within 2
years of implementation of the technology
Relevant – To determine if the proposed implementation can be further
enhanced and there are future opportunities new medical technologies

12PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
Time Based – To determine if the surgery times are reduced without affecting
performance and accuracy
1.5 Stakeholder Management and Communication Plan
The stakeholder management and communication plan is shown in the
following table.
Stakeholder Role Communication
Purpose
Communication
Frequency
Communication
Medium
Research and
Development Manager
Management and
supervision of research
work
For guidance and
updating project
progress
Weekly Face to face in team
meeting
Hospital Manager Opening of the robotic
surgery wing and
implementation of the
robotic surgery
technology
Testing results and
technical requirements
for the robotic surgery
Daily Email / face to face
Legal Assistant Supervision of the
ethical application of
the technology
Ethical guidelines of
using the technology
Bi-Weekly Email
Section 2
2.1 Critical Discussion on Budgeting, Forecasting and ROI
Budgeting is defined as one of the procedures with the help of which proper
plan is created for the expenditure that is mainly done. It is found that development
of proper budgeting plan is considered to be beneficial in balancing the expenses of
the project (Adafin, Rotimi and Wilkinson 2016). This technique is mainly needed for
managing the project budget and for avoiding financial issues while handling the
technical implementation process.
Forecasting is defined as one of the procedures of making a number of
predictions on the future based on the past as well as present data which is
commonly done by analysing the trends as well as the test results of the new
technology successfully. It is found that proper forecasting of budget and time is
Time Based – To determine if the surgery times are reduced without affecting
performance and accuracy
1.5 Stakeholder Management and Communication Plan
The stakeholder management and communication plan is shown in the
following table.
Stakeholder Role Communication
Purpose
Communication
Frequency
Communication
Medium
Research and
Development Manager
Management and
supervision of research
work
For guidance and
updating project
progress
Weekly Face to face in team
meeting
Hospital Manager Opening of the robotic
surgery wing and
implementation of the
robotic surgery
technology
Testing results and
technical requirements
for the robotic surgery
Daily Email / face to face
Legal Assistant Supervision of the
ethical application of
the technology
Ethical guidelines of
using the technology
Bi-Weekly Email
Section 2
2.1 Critical Discussion on Budgeting, Forecasting and ROI
Budgeting is defined as one of the procedures with the help of which proper
plan is created for the expenditure that is mainly done. It is found that development
of proper budgeting plan is considered to be beneficial in balancing the expenses of
the project (Adafin, Rotimi and Wilkinson 2016). This technique is mainly needed for
managing the project budget and for avoiding financial issues while handling the
technical implementation process.
Forecasting is defined as one of the procedures of making a number of
predictions on the future based on the past as well as present data which is
commonly done by analysing the trends as well as the test results of the new
technology successfully. It is found that proper forecasting of budget and time is
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13PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
generally required in order to launch the robotic surgery technology in Newcastle
Freeman Hospital.
Return on investment (ROI) is defined as one of the performance
measures that is mainly utilized for evaluating the efficiency as well as
effectiveness of the investment that is done in comparison to other types of
investment (Masters et al. 2017). In addition to this, ROI is helpful in properly
measuring the amount of return that is achieved from the investment that is done
on the launching of the robotic surgery wing of the hospital.
2.2 Financial Appraisal of the Project
The estimated cost benefit analysis is conducted and shown in the following
table.
Cost benefit
analysis
Analysis Variables:
Discount Rate Used 5.00%
Annual Benefits
£
10,00,00,000.
00
Annual
Operational Costs
£
30,00,000.00
One-Time
Development Cost
£
1,00,00,000.0
0
Year of
Project
0 1 2 3 4 5 TOTALS
Economic Benefit £0.00
£
10,00,00,000.0
0
£
10,00,00,000.0
0
£
10,00,00,000.00
£
10,00,00,000.00
£
10,00,00,000.00
Discount Rate 1.0000 0.9524 0.9070 0.8638 0.8227 0.7835
PV of Benefits £0.00
£9,52,38,095.2
4
£9,07,02,947.8
5 £8,63,83,759.85 £8,22,70,247.48 £7,83,52,616.65
NPV of all
BENEFITS £0.00
£
9,52,38,095.24
£
18,59,41,043.0
8
£
27,23,24,802.94
£
35,45,95,050.42
£
43,29,47,667.06
£
43,29,47,667.06
One-Time COSTS
£
(1,00,00,000.00)
Recurring Costs £0.00
£
(30,00,000.00)
£
(30,00,000.00)
£
(30,00,000.00)
£
(30,00,000.00)
£
(30,00,000.00)
Discount Rate 1.0000 0.9524 0.9070 0.8638 0.8227 0.7835
PV of Recurring
Costs £0.00
£
(28,57,142.86)
£
(27,21,088.44)
£
(25,91,512.80)
£
(24,68,107.42)
£
(23,50,578.50)
generally required in order to launch the robotic surgery technology in Newcastle
Freeman Hospital.
Return on investment (ROI) is defined as one of the performance
measures that is mainly utilized for evaluating the efficiency as well as
effectiveness of the investment that is done in comparison to other types of
investment (Masters et al. 2017). In addition to this, ROI is helpful in properly
measuring the amount of return that is achieved from the investment that is done
on the launching of the robotic surgery wing of the hospital.
2.2 Financial Appraisal of the Project
The estimated cost benefit analysis is conducted and shown in the following
table.
Cost benefit
analysis
Analysis Variables:
Discount Rate Used 5.00%
Annual Benefits
£
10,00,00,000.
00
Annual
Operational Costs
£
30,00,000.00
One-Time
Development Cost
£
1,00,00,000.0
0
Year of
Project
0 1 2 3 4 5 TOTALS
Economic Benefit £0.00
£
10,00,00,000.0
0
£
10,00,00,000.0
0
£
10,00,00,000.00
£
10,00,00,000.00
£
10,00,00,000.00
Discount Rate 1.0000 0.9524 0.9070 0.8638 0.8227 0.7835
PV of Benefits £0.00
£9,52,38,095.2
4
£9,07,02,947.8
5 £8,63,83,759.85 £8,22,70,247.48 £7,83,52,616.65
NPV of all
BENEFITS £0.00
£
9,52,38,095.24
£
18,59,41,043.0
8
£
27,23,24,802.94
£
35,45,95,050.42
£
43,29,47,667.06
£
43,29,47,667.06
One-Time COSTS
£
(1,00,00,000.00)
Recurring Costs £0.00
£
(30,00,000.00)
£
(30,00,000.00)
£
(30,00,000.00)
£
(30,00,000.00)
£
(30,00,000.00)
Discount Rate 1.0000 0.9524 0.9070 0.8638 0.8227 0.7835
PV of Recurring
Costs £0.00
£
(28,57,142.86)
£
(27,21,088.44)
£
(25,91,512.80)
£
(24,68,107.42)
£
(23,50,578.50)

14PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
NPV of all COSTS
£
(1,00,00,000.00)
£
(1,28,57,142.86
)
£
(1,55,78,231.29
)
£
(1,81,69,744.09)
£
(2,06,37,851.51)
£
(2,29,88,430.01)
£
(2,29,88,430.01)
Overall NPV
£
40,99,59,237.05
Overall ROI 17%
The non-financial benefits of the project are listed as follows.
Enhanced Performance – The project will enhance the surgery processes as
human errors can be considerably reduced. Hence, it is expected that the efficiency
and accuracy of the surgeries will be enhanced by a significant margin.
Remote Surgery – One major benefit of the project is that remote surgery will
be possible in which the surgeon located in a remote location can operate on the
patient using 5G network and surgical robot installed at the operation theatre of the
hospital.
Section 3
3.1 Risk Management
According to Hopkin (2018), risk management is one of the procedures that is
used by the managers of the project for minimizing any potential issues that may
create negative impact on the timetable of the project. Risk is one of the
unexpected events that may create impact on the people, processes, technology as
well as resources that are involved within the project. It is found that the project
risks mainly require proper preparation for managing the risks quite effectively. It is
stated by McNeil, Frey and Embrechts (2015) that risk management is one of the
approaches that can affect the entire project. In addition to this, risk management is
NPV of all COSTS
£
(1,00,00,000.00)
£
(1,28,57,142.86
)
£
(1,55,78,231.29
)
£
(1,81,69,744.09)
£
(2,06,37,851.51)
£
(2,29,88,430.01)
£
(2,29,88,430.01)
Overall NPV
£
40,99,59,237.05
Overall ROI 17%
The non-financial benefits of the project are listed as follows.
Enhanced Performance – The project will enhance the surgery processes as
human errors can be considerably reduced. Hence, it is expected that the efficiency
and accuracy of the surgeries will be enhanced by a significant margin.
Remote Surgery – One major benefit of the project is that remote surgery will
be possible in which the surgeon located in a remote location can operate on the
patient using 5G network and surgical robot installed at the operation theatre of the
hospital.
Section 3
3.1 Risk Management
According to Hopkin (2018), risk management is one of the procedures that is
used by the managers of the project for minimizing any potential issues that may
create negative impact on the timetable of the project. Risk is one of the
unexpected events that may create impact on the people, processes, technology as
well as resources that are involved within the project. It is found that the project
risks mainly require proper preparation for managing the risks quite effectively. It is
stated by McNeil, Frey and Embrechts (2015) that risk management is one of the
approaches that can affect the entire project. In addition to this, risk management is

15PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
Launching of
Robotic
Surgery
Technology
for
increasing
surgery
performance
Patient treatment improved
service
Improved surgery performance
Remote surgery feature
Convenient to use
Dependant on 5G
Increased cost
Disruption
Technical issues
considered as an important part of the project management that helps in achieving
success. Risk management is mainly done by the risk managers who have proper
knowledge as well as information about the project risks and knows proper steps for
mitigating the risks effectively. The risk mitigation technique is mainly dependent
on the nature of project risk that is faced by the project team in the development of
proper action plan for mitigating the risks effectively.
3.2 Risk Analysis using Force Field Analysis
The force field analysis was mainly developed for informing decision making
in context to planning as well as implementation of change management
programmes within the organization. It is found as one of the powerful methods that
is used for gaining comprehensive overview of the various forces that mainly acts
on a potential organizational issue (Ho et al. 2015).
Figure 1: Field Force Analysis
(Source: Created by Author)
Launching of
Robotic
Surgery
Technology
for
increasing
surgery
performance
Patient treatment improved
service
Improved surgery performance
Remote surgery feature
Convenient to use
Dependant on 5G
Increased cost
Disruption
Technical issues
considered as an important part of the project management that helps in achieving
success. Risk management is mainly done by the risk managers who have proper
knowledge as well as information about the project risks and knows proper steps for
mitigating the risks effectively. The risk mitigation technique is mainly dependent
on the nature of project risk that is faced by the project team in the development of
proper action plan for mitigating the risks effectively.
3.2 Risk Analysis using Force Field Analysis
The force field analysis was mainly developed for informing decision making
in context to planning as well as implementation of change management
programmes within the organization. It is found as one of the powerful methods that
is used for gaining comprehensive overview of the various forces that mainly acts
on a potential organizational issue (Ho et al. 2015).
Figure 1: Field Force Analysis
(Source: Created by Author)
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16PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
By conducting the force field analysis, the risks associated with the project
are identified as follows.
Technical Risk – The proposed project involves majorly untested technology
that will produce a huge amount of risk if implemented in such a large scale before
getting proper research results.
Financial Risk – As per the initial estimation, the project will cost no less than
£100 million over a period of several years. Thus, the scale of the project is clear
along with the enormous amount of funding required. Hence, if the project does not
deliver the expected results, there will be major financial issue faced by Newcastle
Freeman.
3.3 Development of Risk Evaluation
Risk Id Risk Impact
(1-5)
Severity Cause Likelihood Control Contingency plan
1 Technical issue 5 High Use of
untested
technologic
like surgical
robot and 5G
network
Very likely Initiate
project work
once 5G
network is
publicly
available and
there is
sufficient
knowledge on
robotics
Place significant
funding for boosting
the research
process
2 Financial issue 4 High The high costs
of system
testing,
implementatio
n and
maintenance
Very likely It is quite
necessary to
estimate the
budget of the
project
effectively for
avoiding
financial
challenges.
The project must
be completed within
the predetermined
parameters like
technical
specifications and
schedule to avoid
budget overshoot
3.4 Assessing Resource Capability and Necessity
a) Resource Review
It is found that the organization obtain as well as distribute the resources in
five different categories in order to achieve the objectives of the business. The five
Ms that are utilized in the project are reviewed below:
By conducting the force field analysis, the risks associated with the project
are identified as follows.
Technical Risk – The proposed project involves majorly untested technology
that will produce a huge amount of risk if implemented in such a large scale before
getting proper research results.
Financial Risk – As per the initial estimation, the project will cost no less than
£100 million over a period of several years. Thus, the scale of the project is clear
along with the enormous amount of funding required. Hence, if the project does not
deliver the expected results, there will be major financial issue faced by Newcastle
Freeman.
3.3 Development of Risk Evaluation
Risk Id Risk Impact
(1-5)
Severity Cause Likelihood Control Contingency plan
1 Technical issue 5 High Use of
untested
technologic
like surgical
robot and 5G
network
Very likely Initiate
project work
once 5G
network is
publicly
available and
there is
sufficient
knowledge on
robotics
Place significant
funding for boosting
the research
process
2 Financial issue 4 High The high costs
of system
testing,
implementatio
n and
maintenance
Very likely It is quite
necessary to
estimate the
budget of the
project
effectively for
avoiding
financial
challenges.
The project must
be completed within
the predetermined
parameters like
technical
specifications and
schedule to avoid
budget overshoot
3.4 Assessing Resource Capability and Necessity
a) Resource Review
It is found that the organization obtain as well as distribute the resources in
five different categories in order to achieve the objectives of the business. The five
Ms that are utilized in the project are reviewed below:

17PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
Men: It is found that the human resources who are involved with the
launching of the robotic surgery technology in order to finish the work of the project
are listed below:
Research and Development Manager
Hospital Manager
Legal Assistant
Researchers
Minutes: While the plan in this report is presented for 1 year only, the
overall project is estimated to require 2-3 years for complete implementation
(Kerzner 2017).
Machinery: The machinery requirements include the components of the
surgery robot and other surgery equipments.
Materials: The material components include the software and hardware that
are utilized for remote controlling the robot for performing a surgery (Badewi 2016).
Money: It is analyzed that around £100 million is utilized within the project
so that it can be launched successfully.
b) Personnel requirements
Technological
Planning
Property
Purchase
Technological
Implementation
Robotic Surgery
Wing Opening
Review and
Future Planning
Research and
Development
Manager
R C R I R
Hospital Manager A R A R A
Legal Assistant C A C I R
Men: It is found that the human resources who are involved with the
launching of the robotic surgery technology in order to finish the work of the project
are listed below:
Research and Development Manager
Hospital Manager
Legal Assistant
Researchers
Minutes: While the plan in this report is presented for 1 year only, the
overall project is estimated to require 2-3 years for complete implementation
(Kerzner 2017).
Machinery: The machinery requirements include the components of the
surgery robot and other surgery equipments.
Materials: The material components include the software and hardware that
are utilized for remote controlling the robot for performing a surgery (Badewi 2016).
Money: It is analyzed that around £100 million is utilized within the project
so that it can be launched successfully.
b) Personnel requirements
Technological
Planning
Property
Purchase
Technological
Implementation
Robotic Surgery
Wing Opening
Review and
Future Planning
Research and
Development
Manager
R C R I R
Hospital Manager A R A R A
Legal Assistant C A C I R

18PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
3.5 Development and Application of Constraint Analysis
Constraint analysis mainly reflects on the different types of bottlenecks within
an organization. The different types of external as well as internal bottlenecks on
which the manager need to focus in order to maximize the use of a bottleneck as
bottleneck helps in controlling the profitability of the business. The constraints are
listed below:
Budget: If the expenditure of the project is not analyzed on a weekly basis
then it will be quite difficult to complete the project within the expenditure that is
assumed (Hornstein 2015).
Schedule: If the project does not get executed within 1 year then delay will
occur that not only enhances the time that is required for but also enhances the
project expenditure.
Quality: The quality of the project of the project should be managed
otherwise quality related issues can occur that can obstruct the project progress.
Section 4
It can be concluded from the entire report that the launching of the robotic
surgery technology will be helpful in improving the surgery processes of the
patients in Newcastle Freeman Hospital. It is found that the strength of the
organization in understanding the requirements for improving the patients’
treatment and surgery processes by implementing the project plan successfully. In
addition to this, the report reflects on the high-level budget by analysing financial
and non-financial appraisal. Moreover, the paper also focuses on the risks that are
3.5 Development and Application of Constraint Analysis
Constraint analysis mainly reflects on the different types of bottlenecks within
an organization. The different types of external as well as internal bottlenecks on
which the manager need to focus in order to maximize the use of a bottleneck as
bottleneck helps in controlling the profitability of the business. The constraints are
listed below:
Budget: If the expenditure of the project is not analyzed on a weekly basis
then it will be quite difficult to complete the project within the expenditure that is
assumed (Hornstein 2015).
Schedule: If the project does not get executed within 1 year then delay will
occur that not only enhances the time that is required for but also enhances the
project expenditure.
Quality: The quality of the project of the project should be managed
otherwise quality related issues can occur that can obstruct the project progress.
Section 4
It can be concluded from the entire report that the launching of the robotic
surgery technology will be helpful in improving the surgery processes of the
patients in Newcastle Freeman Hospital. It is found that the strength of the
organization in understanding the requirements for improving the patients’
treatment and surgery processes by implementing the project plan successfully. In
addition to this, the report reflects on the high-level budget by analysing financial
and non-financial appraisal. Moreover, the paper also focuses on the risks that are
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19PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
related with the project with the help of force field analysis. Proper constraint
analysis is also done for managing the entire project quite successfully.
related with the project with the help of force field analysis. Proper constraint
analysis is also done for managing the entire project quite successfully.

20PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
References
Adafin, J., Rotimi, J.O. and Wilkinson, S., 2016. Risk impact assessments in project
budget development: Architects’ perspectives. Architectural Engineering and Design
Management, 12(3), pp.189-204.
Badewi, A., 2016. The impact of project management (PM) and benefits
management (BM) practices on project success: Towards developing a project
benefits governance framework. International Journal of Project Management, 34(4),
pp.761-778.
Emmrich, M., Schneiderbauer, M., Huber, F., Weymouth, A.J., Okabayashi, N. and
Giessibl, F.J., 2015. Force field analysis suggests a lowering of diffusion barriers in
atomic manipulation due to presence of STM tip. Physical review letters, 114(14),
p.146101.
Ho, W., Zheng, T., Yildiz, H. and Talluri, S., 2015. Supply chain risk management: a
literature review. International Journal of Production Research, 53(16), pp.5031-
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Hopkin, P., 2018. Fundamentals of risk management: understanding, evaluating and
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Hornstein, H.A., 2015. The integration of project management and organizational
change management is now a necessity. International Journal of Project
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Kerzner, H., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
References
Adafin, J., Rotimi, J.O. and Wilkinson, S., 2016. Risk impact assessments in project
budget development: Architects’ perspectives. Architectural Engineering and Design
Management, 12(3), pp.189-204.
Badewi, A., 2016. The impact of project management (PM) and benefits
management (BM) practices on project success: Towards developing a project
benefits governance framework. International Journal of Project Management, 34(4),
pp.761-778.
Emmrich, M., Schneiderbauer, M., Huber, F., Weymouth, A.J., Okabayashi, N. and
Giessibl, F.J., 2015. Force field analysis suggests a lowering of diffusion barriers in
atomic manipulation due to presence of STM tip. Physical review letters, 114(14),
p.146101.
Ho, W., Zheng, T., Yildiz, H. and Talluri, S., 2015. Supply chain risk management: a
literature review. International Journal of Production Research, 53(16), pp.5031-
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Hopkin, P., 2018. Fundamentals of risk management: understanding, evaluating and
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Hornstein, H.A., 2015. The integration of project management and organizational
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Management, 33(2), pp.291-298.
Kerzner, H., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.

21PROJECT AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT
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