Understanding Psychological and Biomedical Models in Healthcare

This report delves into the psychological and biomedical models within the context of health and social care, exploring the bio-psychosocial model which integrates behavioral, biological, and social factors. It outlines the roles of psychologists in addressing psychological and emotional issues, including interventions like smoking cessation and weight loss programs. The report emphasizes the interconnectedness of biological, social, and psychological factors, as per the WHO definition of health. It then details the biomedical model, its focus on diagnosis and treatment using technological advancements like X-rays and surgery, while also highlighting its advantages in technological advancements and disease prevention, and its disadvantages such as high costs and limited scope in treating certain conditions like cancer. The report concludes by summarizing the key aspects of both models, emphasizing their respective contributions to patient care and the broader understanding of health.

HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PSYCHOLOGICAL........................................................................................................................1
BIOMEDICAL MODEL.................................................................................................................2
EXAMPLE OF BIOMEDICAL MODEL .............................................................................3
ADVANTAGES.....................................................................................................................3
DISADVANTAGES..............................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Psychological and biomedical model are together known as the bio psychosocial model
which views the behaviour of health and illness as a product of behavioural factors like stress,
lifestyle and health beliefs etc. and the biological factors like genes. Social conditions like
family, social supports, relationship etc. Psychologist who are health professional deals with the
people to help in the psychological and emotional issues in health and illness. They have their
programme for decreasing the adherence to treatment of medical significance, which includes
smoking session, weight loss programme etc. Their goal is to recover the patient in terms of
psychological and biomedical health issues by resolving and by solving their mental stigma.
Biological, social and psychological these three factors having deep interrelation which is
according to the Bio psychosocial model. People differentiate the mental health and physical
health as different issue. According to WHO, Health as the complete state of social, mental and
physical health (Capitanio 2017). Biomedical includes the proper diagnosis and a proper
treatment from the diseases. They generally use in a field of advancement that technically
generate new adaptation in the behalf of technology. Which include x-ray, mammograms, ECG's,
scans, blood test, ultrasound, surgery, hospitalization etc.
PSYCHOLOGICAL
Psychological health refers tot he discipline of psychology with individual lifestyle and
behaviour affecting the physical health. They used to enhance the health, treat and prevent
disease and to identify the factors of risk to improving the health care system. People psychology
have that they are going to sick which creates the release of hormone such as histamine and
continue such type of thinking leads to the psychological health issue. In current time, due to
lock down people having different types of psychology related to the healthcare issue. Due to
staying long time in the close area numbers of people having the psychological issue which
creates health issues and leads to the illness. The psychology which includes the shattering
sadness, irritability, impulsivity etc. are more likely to show their negative thinking behaviour
which leads to the depression and continue depression leads to the suicide attempt (Pulkki-
Råback and et. al., 2017). Depressed person is not have liver problem but due to more
consumption of alcohol and may leads to the liver problem which needs the proper medication
and such of disease are like to have due to some cause. Health psychology goals are like to
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promote for maintaining health, prevention and treatment of illness, There are some sign for
warning like eating or sleeping too little or too much, feeling low, having pain which can't be
explained, heavy use of liquor, smoking and drugs, having hallucination, thinking for harming
own self or other, and more. Many people have faced psychological problems in the era of
COVID, mainly depression which has cause due to spent too much time in their home or the
place they have spend the lock down time (Elovainio and et. al., 2017). They are so many cause
which ends up by getting depression like family issues, relationship, far from loving one, due to
irritation of not able to roam etc. Isolation and job losses, anxiety, loneliness to poor mental
health, data can shown from late march which is increasing in the cases of psychological and
health issues. The main reason over depression can easily seen that job loss is the main reason. In
that time, main reason was that people had not income but the expenditure was running high
which leads to poverty and cause depression and many health issues due to lack of money for
their family expenses. WHO says that half of the world's populations are affected by mental
illness. Good mental health have higher chances to improve the one's life, and poor one can
prevent from living the normal life. Professional life can also be one of the reason for
psychological health issues, so positive environment should be there for good health. Extreme of
age, any disease, disorder, bad environment, less sanitization, bad ventilation, unpleasant noise
can effect psychologically. People with mental illness should provide adequate medical supply,
visitors in hospital should be decreases etc. should be maintain for proper health (Dorsey and et.
al., 2017). It is said that to be healthy first you need to be psychologically healthy because it
decides about your proper health to be good or not.
BIOMEDICAL MODEL
Biomedical model of medicine were started from 19 century which is generally used by
the physician and evaluated doctor in the diagnosing of disease. This core has only three
components which is used widely in many areas. As in the ancient the physician used this model
to diagnosing the patient and illness person which helps to treat and make them normal. The core
aspect of the biomedical is free form the disease, pain, or defect, making the body normal the
stated are called the healthy state (Dwyer and et. al., 2018). The selected model focus on the
physical operations. The social factor and individual subjectivity are not present here. The
biomedical model does not affect the diagnosis when the person in the treatment stage. Due this
context the biomedical model never lies between the doctor and patient phase of treatment stage.
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The biomedical model totally depend on the basis of the biological section. They deal with the
body internal assessment that may cause the total peripheral and care of patient in the term of
inclusion. The biomedical model exclude psychological, environmental and social influences.
The biomedical model helps in medical field on the development of vaccines and total
immunization. The model also defines the total aspect of vaccination and self body
immobilisation by giving a brief preface of biological response which is generally happens in
anterior lob with the respect of body. In the medical approach doctor and hospital are focusing
directly on the medicine or health (Martz and et. al., 2016). The expectation being that the
doctor will be able to fix the problem and condition and the patient will take on a indirect role.
The aspect of the biomedical model are given below which provide the relevant information to
know the brief about it. The approaches are:
Diagnosis- this is defined as helps I the identification of the disease or illness by the observation
of symptoms or with the help of diagnostic reports via test. The diagnosis lead many of new
concept with the modern line of diagnosing by welled machine and equipment. Which helps for
fast and rapid diagnosis of disease to give the medicine and prevention therapy will started soon.
Intervention- it state that the there are some action which usually taken out to improve the health
of patient. For example- Hospitalisation, prescription, surgery (Dwyer and et. al., 2018).
EXAMPLE OF BIOMEDICAL MODEL
 X-rays
 Blood test
 Ultrasound
 Mammogram
 Scans
 Pap smear tests
 Prescription medicine
 Surgery
 Hospitalisation
ADVANTAGES
Its create the big impact in the advancement in technology and research. As per the above
without this model no have idea about how to deal with the disease and how helpful the
diagnosis is. So the major idea is all about a brief path of health model to treat and diagnose the
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patient in right way. The major effect of this model seen in the disease that would develop and
cause a considerable illness or death can be stopped. And increase the life expectancy by curing
and preventing from the harmful disease. And also improve the quality of life after returning
back to a good health which makes a good mental too (Russell and et. al., 2019).
DISADVANTAGES
As we discuss the advance technology loop which may costly for the major people. To
run the advanced technological equipment there is always a professionals to handle it. Expensive
to train. The equipment are generally expensive and costly. The advancement is their but not
every condition will be treated for example- cancer (Martz, E. and Livneh, H., 2016).
CONCLUSION
As per the above discussion, psychosocial terms looks at particular in the behalf of the
mixed influences that include the psychological factor and the surrounding social environment
have on their physical and mental state which show the ability of function. They help in the lots
of social care research and settings for the social science researcher. The biomedical model deals
with the medication and total procurement of disease by the proper diagnosis. The biomedical
model leads with advancement and new technology that handle by professionals and well trained
people. The model comprise of new segment of fast and rapid type of diagnosis which give a
brief knowledge about the total diagnosis. The psychosocial deals with the mental & social
beingness to make the person fit whether the bio model deals with the proper medication and
diagnosis (Russell, S.V. and Knoeri, C., 2019).
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Capitanio 2017. Naturally occurring nonhuman primate models of psychosocial processes. ILAR
journal, 58(2), pp.226-234.
Pulkki-Råback and et. al., 2017. Positive psychosocial factors in childhood predicting lower risk
for adult type 2 diabetes: The cardiovascular risk in young Finns study, 1980–2012.
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 52(6), pp.e157-e164.
Elovainio and et. al., 2017. Psychosocial environment in childhood and body mass index growth
over 32 years. Preventive medicine, 97, pp.50-55.
Dorsey and et. al., 2017. Evidence base update for psychosocial treatments for children and
adolescents exposed to traumatic events. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent
Psychology, 46(3), pp.303-330.
Dwyer and et. al., 2018. Independent associations and interactions of perceived neighborhood
and psychosocial constructs on adults’ physical activity. Journal of Physical Activity
and Health, 15(5), pp.361-368.
Martz and et. al., 2016. Psychosocial adaptation to disability within the context of positive
psychology: findings from the literature. Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 26(1),
pp.4-12.
Russell and et. al., 2019. Exploring the psychosocial and behavioural determinants of household
water conservation and intention. International Journal of Water Resources
Development, pp.1-16.
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