Domestic Violence: Comparing Psychological and Sociological Views

This essay provides a comprehensive analysis of domestic violence, examining its causes and consequences through both psychological and sociological lenses. It explores how factors such as alcohol consumption, personality traits, societal norms, and economic conditions contribute to the prevalence of domestic violence. The essay delves into the impacts of abuse on victims, including physical and mental health consequences, and discusses the effects on children. It compares and contrasts the two perspectives, highlighting the interplay between individual behaviors and societal influences. Furthermore, it examines intervention programs aimed at preventing domestic violence and supporting victims, offering a well-rounded understanding of this complex issue.

Psychological and the
sociological
perspectives

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................2
Comparison and contrasting causes of domestic violence from psychological and sociological
perspective...................................................................................................................................2
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7
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INTRODUCTION
Domestic violence can be defined as abuses and violence which happens in domestic
settings Myhill, (2017). This study is going to show some reasons of causes of increasing
domestic violence in both sociological as well as psychological perspectives. It will also show
several impacts which domestic violence have on females, children and on victims and how
violence affect their mental and physical health to the great extent. Along with comparing cause
of domestic violence in both perspectives it will also show some interventions and programs
which are being developed to prevent women and reducing this violence.
MAIN BODY
Comparison and contrasting causes of domestic violence from psychological and sociological
perspective
Article 1: Antisocial Traits, Distress Tolerance, and Alcohol Problems as Domestic Violence.
Brem, & et.al., (2019)
Before discussing about psychological and sociological perspective of domestic violence
it is important to understand the actual meaning of violence as what is it and to which extent it
affects people. In the context of violence it can be said that it refers damage, harm. A physical
force and any type of act which is being done to hurt someone, top damage someone is called
violence. It is called violence when it is being don e knowingly as there are several accident
happens in which people get injured and hurt but it cannot be called violence because it was not
done knowingly. There are different types of violence whose intention differs and one of the
most common violence is domestic violence. It involves all acts which hurt family members such
as: physical, psychological, sexual and others. It may be child abuse, elder abuse Erten &
Keskin, (2018).
Causes of this domestic violence in both psychological and sociological perspective can
be understood with some examples and peers reviewed views of authors. One of the main reason
and cause of domestic violence which is identified is consumption of alcohol to the great extent
by men. Men with having anti social personality disorder or those who does not prefer to
participate in social activities and interacting with society are more likely to at risk of consuming
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alcohol and perpetrating intimate partner violence. Intimate partner violence is one of the main
problem which is known as domestic violence as well. In addition, it can also be said that there
are several women who suffer from serious physical assault by their intimate partners because of
their anti social personality disorder (ASPD). Women who suffer from this violence they do not
have physical harm and hurt but also have some mental health consequences and this increase
rate of violence have direct affect on increment in health care cost. So, it can be said that main
factors of causes which are associated with domestic violence in both psychological and
sociological perspective are: drinking patterns, some personality traits and interaction with some
situational factors etc. It can also be said that distress tolerance as well as antisocial personality
disorders are correlated with alcohol problems Brem, & et.al., (2019).
On the other hand, in the context of cause of domestic or intimate partner violence in the
perspective of sociological it can be said that there are several families who are not educated and
they teach their son and men to often control their wives , sisters and females. It is one of the
main causes in sociological perspective. This feeling creates an attitude in males to control
females and when it increases than it become reason of domestic violence. One of the other main
problems which is related to this factor is imbalance behaviour against the weakest one of age
and sex of physical fitness MEHRI & et.al., (2019).. Some other imbalance and discrimination
between people because of their qualification, age, gender, race, ethnicity are also become the
reason of domestic violence. In addition, it can also be said that not only women suffer in
domestic violence. When sociological factors increases like feeling and attitude of controlling
females, lack of employment only because of background and other factors make men more
violent towards their children. Child abusing is one of the main domestic violence which is
increasing and affecting mental and physical health of children in a negative manner to the great
extent Domestic Violence Causes and Types, (2017).
Domestic violence varies in countries. In the regards to Singapore, it is stated that there is
an increasing rate. One of the main hot reasons of their increasing rate of domestic violence is
Covid-19. Due to this disease, all people are being forced to be in home in order to stay safe and
protecting themselves. Due to this, it is stated that many females are suffering from domestic
violence or intimate partner violence as they are bound to live with their husband 24*7. Friction
between couples is becoming worse and from this it can be said that one of the main reason is
changes in their lifestyle and being free. It is also stated that in Singapore, the victim or a wife
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stated that her children are also suffering fro domestic violence as one of the main reason is an
attitude which is being taught to males that to control their wives and females Corona virus: Rise
in Domestic Abuses, (2020).
It is also analysed that anger, frustration, degree of psychopathology can become the
reason of domestic violence. Victims or females are now at an increased risk to develop
psychological symptoms which mainly include: traumatic, stress, mood disorders etc. In this
context, it can be said that women suffer from severe physical injuries which sometimes last
forever or permanent and due to this, some women also suffer from persistent health as well as
emotional problems Khan, (2017). Women have an attitude that they find it difficult to leave
their violent partner because of threat of further violence like violence to their children their
other family members etc and this is the reason as why most of the cases of domestic violence
remained unrecorded. In those cases, in which women files a case and report in police station,
police also suffer who deals with such kind of delegate and emotional cases of domestic
violence. Due to excessive consumption of alcohol, males do not remain in their conscious as
they give threat to police that they will kill them if they tried to involve in their domestic
violence case. So it is also one of the main psychological and sociological reasons of domestic
violence Domestic Violence: Sociological perspectives, R.E. Dobash & R.P. Dobash (2012).
Article 2: The sociological significance of domestic violence: Tensions, paradoxes and
implications
Domestic violence is now commonly defined broadly to include "all acts of physical, sexual,
psychological or economic violence" that may be committed by a family member or intimate
partner. It is basically done by the significant other or any person who is really close to the
victim. This violence can have a huge impact on the sociological and psychological perspective
of the individual who has gone through it (Childress, Gioia & Campbell, (2018). There is various
sociological significance that can be faced by the victim. It has been analysed that mainly
domestic violence is been done by men to their significant other.
This can lay negative impact on their relationship can also assist in women facing various
types of problems such as they can face anxiety, depression and can also face stress. Domestic
violence can affect the physical and emotional well being of individual. Men’s violence to
women can be taken as the multifaceted approach. It has also been analysed that those
individuals and groups who are suffering from domestic violence can also have suicidal
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tendencies. Domestic violence tendencies in male can occur because of the excessive drug or
alcohol use. It can also be because of the same type of behaviour is been done in their family
from a long time. It has also been analysed from the research that domestic violence can also
impact the development of young adults (Anderberg et.al., (2016). It can develop tension among
them.
This type of violence has sociological as well as psychological significance. It has been
analysed that young adults if go through any type of violence can become physically or mentally
ill. They can become depressed and even stress can be faced by them. Due to this, they can also
engaged in doing many type of illegal activities (Bloom & Tavrow, (2018). These adults can
engaged in taking drugs that can lay negative impact on the society and also on the groups and
communities where they belong. It is the responsibility of the educators to detect unusual
behaviour of young adults and if found out than they can communicate them about the problems
which has been faced by them. This will assist them in changing the behavioural aspect of young
adults that has gone through domestic violence. This will assist them in making young adults
also not engaged in illegal activities.
It has also been analysed and evaluated that domestic violence is been considered as one of
the major health concern. It lays impact on the physical and emotional development of the
women and also on the young adult. It has been analysed from the research that millions of
children in Australia are been facing problem of domestic violence. It can also have impact on
social, economic and psychological well being of development of families. It also can lay
negative impact on social development of young people. They can face various health related
problems because of the domestic violence (Carlson et.al., (2019). Many researchers have found
out that children witnessing and facing domestic violence can have low self esteem, low self
confidence. This can also have low learning abilities than the other children.
This can lay an adverse impact on the development of them both physically and mentally. It
can make women or young adults have more aggressive thoughts, anger and range which can
force them to be participating in so many type of illegal activities. They can make use of drugs
and can also consumer alcohol which can lay severe negative impact on the health outcome.
There has been adverse effect of domestic violence across all age, groups and cultural
background (Roberts & Price, (2019). It can also lay impact on development of societies and
groups negatively. Those who have witnessed this type of behaviour from their family members
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or even from their significant others can go through problems such as anxiety, depression, and
stress. They can also become ill and can face much type of diseases.
Domestic violence needs to be stopped in order to enhance the physical and emotional well being
of individuals who has gone through it. It will also reduce their stress and as well as their anxiety
levels (Wang, Hayes & Zhang, (2019). It has also been analysed that consequences of domestic
violence can vary and be different for the people of different age and sex. It has been analysed
that this violence can also lay impact on the mental health conditions to those children and
women who have witnessed domestic violence (World Health Organization. (2016). It can also
lay negative impact on the learning abilities of children. Women can face problem such as low
self esteem, low confidence, or any health related problems such as heart attack, obesity and
other health related problems. It can also lay negative impact on sociological and psychological
development. They can also go through depression because of domestic violence
CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been summarised that domestic violence can have negative
impact on the psychological and emotional well being of the one of who witnessed it. This type
of violence has been mainly done by family members or even by significant others. Majority of
the people who has suffered from domestic violence includes women, young adults and children.
It has been analysed that domestic violence has caused so many problems in them such as these
people are been going through stress. They have also faced depression as well as anxiety because
of the violence done to them. It has also led them to be engaged in illegal activities such as
consuming drugs. It has also been analysed that domestic violence can cause other health related
problems such as obesity, cardio-vascular issues, depression and anxiety. These people can also
have low self esteem.
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REFERENCES
Book and Journals
Anderberg, D., Rainer, H., Wadsworth, J., & Wilson, T. (2016). Unemployment and domestic
violence: Theory and evidence. The Economic Journal.126(597).1947-1979.
Bloom, B. E., & Tavrow, P. (2018). Are Primary Care Clinicians Serving Low-Income Patients
More Likely to Screen for Domestic Violence?. journal of community and preventive
medicine, 1(2), 1-8.
Carlson, M. L., Wittrup, E., Moylan, C. A., & Ortiz, D. V. (2019). A Good Call?: Contextual
Factors Influencing Mandated Reporting in Domestic Violence Programs. Journal of Family
Violence, 1-10.
Childress, S., Gioia, D., & Campbell, J. C. (2018). Women’s strategies for coping with the
impacts of domestic violence in Kyrgyzstan: A grounded theory study. Social work in health
care, 57(3), 164-189.
Erten, B., & Keskin, P. (2018). For better or for worse?: Education and the prevalence of
domestic violence in turkey. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 10(1), 64-105.
Khan, A. (2017). Causes of domestic violence against rural bangladeshi women: A qualitative
inquiry. Géneros, 6(1), 1208-1230.
MEHRI, A. & et.al., (2019). Development and Psychometric of a Questionnaire for Assessing of
the Causes of Domestic Violence in Married Men.
Myhill, A. (2017). Measuring domestic violence: Context is everything. Journal of gender-based
violence, 1(1), 33-44.
Pearlman, D. N., Zierler, S., Gjelsvik, A., & Verhoek-Oftedahl, W. (2016). Neighborhood
environment, racial position, and risk of police-reported domestic violence: a contextual
analysis. Public health reports.
Roberts, N., & Price, D. (2019). Gendered Perceptions of Domestic Violence: How young
females are more likely than young males to know controlling domestic violence behaviours.
Wang, X., Hayes, B. E., & Zhang, H. (2019). Correlates of Chinese Police Officer Decision-
Making in Cases of Domestic Violence. Crime & Delinquency, 0011128719850502.
World Health Organization. (2016). Ethical and safety recommendations for intervention
research on violence against women: building on lessons from the WHO publication putting
women first: ethical and safety recommendations for research on domestic violence against
women.
Online
Antisocial Traits, Distress Tolerance, and Alcohol Problems as Domestic Violence. Brem, &
et.al., (2019). [Online]. Available through
<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5849274/>
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Domestic Violence Causes and Types (2017). [Online]. Available through
<https://www.sociologygroup.com/domestic-violence-meaning-causes-types/>
Corona virus: Rise in Domestic Abuses (2020). [Online]. Available through
<https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/coronavirus-rise-in-domestic-abuse-cases-as-families-
forced-to-stay-home/>
Domestic Violence: Sociological perspectives. R.E. Dobash & R.P. Dobash (2012). [Online].
Available through <https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/domestic-violence>
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