BMHP4003 Report: Psychological Theories in Health and Social Care

This report delves into the application of psychological theories within the health and social care sector, emphasizing their role in understanding human behavior and improving patient well-being. It discusses Freud's psychoanalytic theory and cognitive theory, highlighting their relevance to mental health conditions and the development of self-efficacy. The report also examines the crucial role of healthcare practitioners in applying these theories to promote healthy behaviors, prevent diseases, and enhance the quality of life for individuals. It further explores the impact of social and psychological factors, such as stress, on health outcomes, and includes a personal reflection on career aspirations within the healthcare field. The analysis concludes that healthcare services are essential for fulfilling the needs of individuals and that psychological theories play a significant role in optimizing health outcomes.

Psychological theories in health and
social care
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Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
Discuss about the Psychological Theories...................................................................................3
Role of health practitioners..........................................................................................................5
Reflection.....................................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9
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INTRODUCTION
Health & social care is based on the sector which consists of an enterprise which provides
health related service to the people. It is concerned about helping vulnerable people in the
community and providing them with strong support so that they will improve their lifestyle. This
report will discuss about the psychological theories, role of healthcare professional in applying
the learning opportunities in context of psychological perspectives. It will discuss the impact of
theory on health & well-being of individual, and also settings services. Moreover, it will identify
the significant role of health care practitioners which mainly supported to inspire or motivate
individuals towards health and care services.
MAIN BODY
Discuss about the Psychological Theories
Psychological theories are defined as framework for understanding human behaviour,
beliefs, assumption, thoughts and development. By having a broad base of understanding about
how people can behave, develop better understanding towards perception (Marks and et.al.,
2021). In context of health and social care, every psychological theories are considered as
dynamic and always changing. As new discoveries are made, it has been applied theories of
modification and adapted to account new information regarding health & social care.
Freud theory–
This kind of theory is related to personality of individual people and also represented the
behaviour of human being. Freud believed that dreams are essentially a kind of wish for every
person. By taking unconscious thoughts, desire, feeling and transformation into less threatening.
Many people are able to minimise the egos, anxiety.
In context of health and social care, Freud theory is majorly contributed towards mental
health condition, identify that patient improve when they were interacting with therapist.
Generally, Freud theory plays an important role for identify psychological behaviour, attitude
and personality of patient in proper manner (Michie, Yardley and Greaves, 2017). In most of
cases, healthcare professionals are using Freud’s theory of psychological development from
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infancy to adulthood. Every experts, professionals are thinking in context of development phase
with regards to children.
For Example- by using Freud theory, it pay attention towards complicated phase of
growth and development from birth to adulthood. This is revolution which is mainly occurred in
human life. The power impact in particular areas where it is impossible to understand children at
the time of development schema.
Cognitive theory-
It is the most commonly used in context of health & social care. It revolves around the
notion that if an individual person want to know what they makes people. Different
psychologists are used this kind of theory in order to identify the mental act and process of
people through knowledge (Moore and Evans, 2017). Usually, Cognitive perspectives are
majorly focused on the mental functions such as perception, attention, and memory and so on.
This is the view of people as being similar to computer in the way, it can be processed. Cognitive
theory plays an important role in health & social care, used by healthcare professionals to
influence individual experiences, actions, environmental factors.
For Example- Cognitive psychology theory will be supporting in the Emotional and
behaviour development in infancy. This is why because of development stages, influencing a
human from children to adulthood. It would be developed the self –efficacy, beliefs that
individual has controlled their emotions. It is able to execute a behaviour, attitude of individual
people.
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Role of health practitioners
Health professionals play an important role in which improving access and quality of
healthcare services. It provide essential services that promote health, prevent disease and deliver
excellent quality of treatment facilities. Medical professionals take care of their patient with
application related evidence based practice. EBP is one of the medical decision making process
that help to identify relevant data or information. Many experts, professionals are used the
Evidence based practices and then examine, diagnose, treat, prevent injuries or illness.
Overall, Psychologists, health care practitioners are using social cognitive, Freud as
psychological theories. This is because it can easily identify behavioural health condition. It is
one of the key aspect in term of understanding the concept of health and illness. By using
psychological theories, it is always promote the healthy behaviour, preventing diseases and
improving patient’s quality life (Ntoumanis and et.al., 2021). Usually, The role of health care
practitioners are examined the psychological behaviour towards health & social care. Therefore,
it is clearly identify the positive as well as negative affect the body by stating that life-styles, bad
behaviour and life events. Sometimes, it is directly related to the health & illness, directly impact
on the health condition of individual people.
Healthcare providers play an indispensable role in healthcare system to prevent and
manage common health condition. It might have provided the guidance for patients to make
healthy decisions, recommend treatment depending the illness. The significant role is particularly
important in early development stage. Psychologists are establishing a strong collaboration with
patients and give a better suggestion. The role of health practitioners are unique style in which
that they can provide health services to their patient.
Nowadays, it has been rapidly increasingly the demand of psychological theories as
therapy approach in context of health & social care. Different healthcare professionals are
focused on the hospitals, medical settings which have dramatically increased. Clinical health
psychology has become one of the important disciplines in healthcare.
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Health Care practitioners are playing an important role to influence individual towards
social, psychological factors related health & social care.
Social factors in physical and mental health-
In early life experience, it is important aspect to identify mental as well as physical health
condition of individual people. Healthcare practitioner are performed the role in the adverse
childhood events, examine the experiences associated with increased risk of poor health in adult
life (Wallston and Wallston, 2020). However, it has been used the psychological theory such as
Cognitive to recognise the experience of people. Usually, factors associated with the resilience at
the time of past years, such as feeling loved, having an adult in house-hold who cares about the
children’s education. Social support is the critical aspect which enabling individual to manage
and control difficulty or stressful circumstances.
Psychological Factors in stress and health behaviour-
Stress is one of the most important factor in context of psychological manner. In
particularly in relation to work. It can be estimated that many people affected by depression,
anxiety and un-manageable stress. Health practitioners are used the Freud psychological theory
to identify the health related behaviour of people (Wallston and Wallston, 2020). However,
Stress is a complex, multi-faceted issues, through its implications for mental health condition.
Sometimes, it also effecting the physical health condition. At that time, healthcare practitioner
plays an important role to understand psychological factors in term of stress and behaviour
changed.
Reflection
On the basis of evaluation, I have been examined the psychological theories related health &
social care. This evaluation has inspired or motivated me to establish career in healthcare areas.
But sometimes, I thoughts that it has become complex and controversial. Making the right career
choice that would keep adolescents relevant in the activities. Career psychologists in health &
social care work individually and other instructor to meet the actual developmental needs of
people. Usually, I always tried to interact or communicate with different people who have
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already suffering from disabilities. Significantly, I have focused on academic, career and
personal development including those with special demands. On the basis of experience, I have
realised that inconsistencies in roles of practicing guidance for psychologists have caused
different specialists in education. Especially with respect to achieve growth and success in career
development. Since, I am very excited to share my career choice and understand the specific
roles, responsibilities (Wallston and Wallston, 2020). I have learn different psychology theories
such as Cognitive, Freud. These are basically representing the behaviour, attitude and mental or
physical condition of individual people. On the basis of study, I have found that these kind of
theories used by health care practitioners where they can easily identify the individual needs.
Sometimes, psychological theories are directly impacts on the positive health and well-being. It
is always supports to generate better result or outcome.
Taking into consideration career enhancement, it is considered to be a life-long process but
it is very complex than I have used in before. To achieve a great success in career, it is important
for me to understand the actual meaning of psychological behaviour of individual people and
used the right theories in positive result or outcome.
CONCLUSION
From above discussion, it has concluded that healthcare facilities and services are important
factors which is mainly helping to fulfil all essential need or requirement for individual people.
in this report, it is mainly focused on the healthcare services and identifying the importance in in
the community and providing them with strong support so that it can be improved their lifestyle.
On the basis of analysis, it has been summarised about the psychological theories, role of
healthcare professional in applying the learning opportunities in context of psychological
perspectives. Analysing the significant impact of theory on health & well-being of individual,
and also settings services. Moreover, it can be determined the significant role of health care
practitioners which mainly supported to inspire or motivate individuals towards health and care
services.
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REFERENCES
Book and Journals
Marks, L.R. and et.al., 2021. Health psychology in Jamaica: a qualitative analysis. Counselling
Psychology Quarterly, pp.1-18.
Michie, S., Yardley, L. and Greaves, F., 2017. Developing and evaluating digital interventions to
promote behavior change in health and health care: recommendations resulting from an
international workshop. Journal of medical Internet research, 19(6), p.e7126.
Moore, G.F. and Evans, R.E., 2017. What theory, for whom and in which context? Reflections
on the application of theory in the development and evaluation of complex population
health interventions. SSM-population health, 3, pp.132-135.
Ntoumanis, N. and et.al., 2021. A meta-analysis of self-determination theory-informed
intervention studies in the health domain: effects on motivation, health behavior,
physical, and psychological health. Health Psychology Review, 15(2), pp.214-244.
Wallston, B.S. and Wallston, K.A., 2020. Social psychological models of health behavior: An
examination and integration. In Handbook of Psychology and Health (Volume IV) (pp.
23-53). Routledge.
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