Psychology in Health and Social Care Report: Theories, Factors, Roles

This report delves into the application of psychology within the context of health and social care, exploring the intricate interplay of psychological theories and their relevance to various life stages. The report examines the influence of both social and biological factors on human behavior, including the nature versus nurture debate and the impact of genetics, mental disorders, and cultural aspects. Furthermore, it highlights the significance of social roles in health and social care settings, discussing different approaches such as the Marxist and functionalist perspectives, and their effect on mental health. The report also provides an overview of mental disorders and their impact on behavior. The report concludes by summarizing the key concepts and emphasizing the importance of psychological well-being within the healthcare landscape.

Psychology in Health and
Social care

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................2
Covered in Brochure...............................................................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Social and biological factors that influence human behaviour.........................................2
2.2 Importance of social roles in the context of health and social care settings.....................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
Covered in Leaflet..................................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6
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INTRODUCTION
Psychology refers to a science which deal with mental phenomenon and procedures in
terms of their stability and wellness. It involves the role of psychologist who thoroughly analyse
emotions, perceptions, intelligence, consciousness and related glands or muscles of brain.
However, stable psychological state of an individual is required for their health because mentally
disturbed individuals harm themselves or avoid social interaction which impact negatively on
their physical health (Aveyard, 2014). Moreover, it is necessary for people to remain
psychologically well because it is an ability of a person feel, think and react in different
situations of life. The psychological state should be normal as it facilitate health condition of an
individual including their physical, mental and social well being. The present report will focus on
comparison between different theories of life span development and psychological theories
relevant to life stages. It will also include social & biological factors which influence human
behaviour and significance of social roles for health & social care settings. The application of
psychological theories and understanding of mental disorders is given below.
TASK 1
Covered in Brochure
TASK 2
2.1 Social and biological factors that influence human behaviour
Nature Vs Nurture – The concept of nature involves the genetics of an individual
provide support to determine their behaviour and The personality traits as well as abilities if a
person reflects in their nature. On the other hand, concept of nurture includes the environment,
upbringing and experiences of an individual which helps to identify their behaviour. Moreover, it
has been analysed that people are nurtured to behave in several ways (Ross, 2017).
Controversy in Psychology – There are several various types of controversies are
observed and analysed in society which depends upon particular aspect relevant to an individual.
However, it may appear obvious that hassles and life changes which are responsible for causing
various severe health problems. Moreover, it involves various controversial factors including
evolutionary psychology, childrearing, sexual orientation, animal experimentation, evil, diversity
& social justice, gender & ethnicity, religion, disability and healthy policies.
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The human behaviour is regulated by different types of social and biological factors
which impacts on personality of an individual. It includes the ability of a person to make
perceptions, think and react in different situations as per their own thoughts or views. However,
it is observed and analysed that human behaviour is driven by several fundamental requirements
such as control, connection and consistency. Moreover, there are several factors which impacts
of behaviour of an individual such as genetics, mental disorders, abilities, gender, race & culture,
perception, attribution and attitude. An individual get influenced from their ancestors and various
aspects are similar to them as way of working, talking, thoughts and perceptions. In addition to
this, social factor includes abilities, race & culture, perception, attribution and attitude which
regulates behaviour of an individual. Firstly, abilities of a person which includes intellectual,
physical and self awareness in that generates a behaviour with proud in their social and personal
lives. Secondly, race refers to group of individuals having same physical abilities but they can
differentiated by their perceived traits as per their native place. Culture involves religion, traits,
ideas, customs and tradition which reflects in behaving nature of an person.
In addition to this, attribution and attitude of a person describe their behaviour and
personality through reflecting their views points (Svanberg, 2014). It involves perception which
define to judge a person, or situation by observing and hearing about the same. Moreover, it
includes several senses used for perception such as of sound, of speed, touch, taste, other senses
and of the social world. At the other hand, certain biological factors are also responsible for
regulating behaviour of people which consists gender, genetics and mental disorders and their
impacts reflects clearly in personality or nature of them. However, gender of a person as they are
considered as equal in terms of job performance but they have different likes and dislikes which
influenced by their gender. It involves that behaviours due to their different features and
priorities of life impacts on their way of behaving with other people in their lives accordingly.
Moreover, genetics of a person refers to heredity and inheritance of characters from their parents
due to transition of similar genes so that a person behave similar to them. It is observed and
analysed that people reflect many of features and way of working, talking or reacting like their
ancestors as they gain genes from previous generation with similar characters. Meanwhile, there
are different types of mental disorder which also impacts on behaviour of a person as it effects
brain of them negatively in their lives. It involves different psychological disorder such as
phobias, anxiety disorders, depression, schizophrenia, anorexia and bulimia which impacts on
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behaviour of an individual as they harm themselves, attack on others, remain isolated and many
more (Manners, 2017).
2.2 Importance of social roles in the context of health and social care settings
A social role refers to collection of linked behaviour, rights, obligations, beliefs and
norms which are essential to be considered in specific social situation. There different types of
social roles which are based on culture, social differentiation, situation specified responsibilities,
bio- sociological duties and gender. However, these roles are necessary for an individual to be
conducted properly.
Marxist approach – The Marxist approach refers that education severs a capitalist
society through making division among people in social classes. It involves to complete need of
capitalism by socialising kids into dominant ideology in order make more obedient workforce.
Functionalist approach – This theory includes that education serves the actual
requirements of industrial society with the help of an advanced division of labour. It also
involve top fulfil several needs of social system through socialising pupils to shared values,
norms and beliefs which facilitate to to establish a great social solidarity.
Impact of social roles on mental health
The society plays an important role for regulating healthcare of infected persons as it
impacts on their mind sets which may positive or negative. It is observed and analysed that some
of health issues from which people get infected then society become partial for them and
separate them as well and this behaviour of society effects negatively on health of that particular
individual. However, in case of mental disorders, it is necessary to maintain social support fro
them which motivate them and generate their will powder for overcoming with their diseases.
Medication and treatments only work of internally patients wants to become well being.
Moreover, it is evaluated that people get demoralised and loose hope for surviving further which
is responsible for their mental disorders so that psychologists provide appropriate counselling
therapies to encourage them internally along with providing medications. Meanwhile, it is
important for society to behave supportive with diseased people so that they will remain
motivated which helps in health care settings to make them well being (Trotter-Mathison and
Skovholt, 2014).
At the other hand, health and social care settings include the significance of internal
motivation and will power of an individual for gaining desired outcomes of medication or
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treatment. It involves the efforts of social workers working at a place to make people aware
about different types of severe diseases so that people can take effective precautions for avoiding
the same in proper manner. Additionally, social factors includes education, income and access to
health care services impact on health & social care settings as it will facilitate to set guidelines or
code of practices in order to fulfil relevant needs of every individual properly.
TASK 3
Covered in Leaflet
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it is summarise that Psychology can be described as part of
science which deal with mental health and activities in terms of their stability and wellness. It
includes psychological theories of development including Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial
Development which contains several stages like Trust vs Mistrust, Autonomy vs Shame and
Doubt, Initiative vs Guilt, Industry vs Inferiority, Identity vs Role Confusion, Intimacy vs
Isolation, Generativity vs Stagnation and Ego Integrity vs Despair. However, it also involves
Psychosexual Stages by Freud and Piaget's Cognitive Developmental Theory. Moreover, several
mental disorders such as phobias, schizophrenia, depression and many mote which can be
analysed by psychological theories.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Aveyard, H., 2014. Doing a literature review in health and social care: A practical guide.
McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
Ross, C. E., 2017. Social causes of psychological distress. Routledge.
Svanberg, J., 2014. Introduction. In Alcohol and the Adult Brain (pp. 11-14). Psychology Press.
Manners, R. A., 2017. Professional dominance: The social structure of medical care. Routledge.
Trotter-Mathison, M. and Skovholt, T., 2014. The resilient practitioner: Burnout prevention and
self-care strategies for counselors, therapists, teachers, and health professionals.
Routledge.
Online
Social and Cultural Factors that influence health. 2018. [Online]. Available
through:<https://familydoctor.org/social-cultural-factors-can-influence-health/>
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