Psychology in Health and Social Care: Lifespan Development Report

This report delves into the multifaceted realm of psychology within health and social care settings. It begins by outlining the significance of lifespan development, introducing key psychological theories such as those of Freud, Erikson, Piaget, Maslow, and Darwin, and their relevance across different life stages. The report then examines the interplay of biological and social factors that shape human behavior, emphasizing the roles of genetics, socialization, family, education, culture, and media influences. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of social roles in health and social care, highlighting their impact on well-being and the effective management of stress, mental health disorders, and behavioral changes. The report explores how psychological principles can be applied to promote positive behavioral changes and enhance understanding in health and social care practices, offering insights into the application of various psychological theories in this context.

PSYCHOLOGY IN
HEALTH AND SOCIAL
CARE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Description on the psychological theories of the lifespan development. ........................1
1.2 Description on the various psychological theory in relation to the age related to the
specific stages of life..............................................................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Explanation on the biological and social factors which work as to influence the human
behaviour................................................................................................................................3
2.2 Description on the significance of the social roles of a health and social care setting. ...4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
3.1 Explanation of the application of the various psychological theories to the individual in
relation to reduction in level of stress. ...................................................................................5
3.2 Theories of psychological in relation to the behavioural disturbance..............................6
3.3 Description on the understanding of the mental health disorders....................................6
3.4 Evaluation on the psychological principles which affecting the behaviour changes.......7
3.5 Theories of psychological and its understanding in relation to health and social care. . .7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
PSYCHOLOGY F CARE PRACTICE...........................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
The concept of psychology is important to understand because the behaviour of the
human being changes in all over the stages of life. This concept is also known as the
“Developmental period. In this relation there are various kinds of development theories are given
which is useful in manner to know the concept of human development at the stages of life. The
present assignment is covering the following activities of the psychology in relation to health and
social care. In this the social and biological factors can influence the behaviour of the person. In
addition to this, it is essential to understand the role of social care so that level of stress and its
impact can be known (Garrison and et. al., 2016). The main motive of this file is to have clear
understanding of the disorder and psychological in relation to the mental health of the person.
With the help this psychological theories' person can enhance his understanding regarding to the
health and social care. This kind of thing affect the mental stability of the person in order to cope
up with this it is essential to understand this concept in brief manner.
TASK 1
1.1 Description on the psychological theories of the lifespan development.
In the human life there are various kinds of stages come and he has to learn to deal with
it. The changed which are occurring throughout the phases of life are referred as life span
development (Bjorklund and Causey, 2017). There are six kinds of stages of the life span are
given such are as Infancy, childhood, adolescence, early childhood, middle age and the younger
age (Polaha, Schetzina and Baker, 2016). It is the scientific theory with the help of which sense
of perception, cognition, learning and motivation factor can be studied in the brief manner. This
concept can be understand with the use of theories which is defined in the following manner are
as-
1. Sigmund Freud theory- it is one of the best theory because its help in suggesting the
behavior and personality of the person. The behavior of the person which is influenced by
the internal unconscious can be expressed (Thoma, Bebeau and Narvaez, 2016). This
kind of factor is mostly relate to the single person.
2. Erickson psychological theory- it is the another theory which reflect as the more focus in
to be given on the social interaction with another people. It gives shapes to the people in
this both society and culture challenged with each other. It is quiet topugh to understand
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this. This kind of theory is not relation to single person it is in relation to the similar for
the all.
3. Piaget theory- This kind of theory is in the relation with the cognitive development and
his perspective which help to define the how's person think about the world and what he
internally represents. This theory is also not relate to the single person it is applicable top
the all.
4. Abraham Maslow's theory- This kind of theory is based on the human perspective. In t
His it can be said that the person behavior is the generally determined by the unconscious
process. The human perspective referred as the person has ability to take his own decision
throughout the life (Polaha, Schetzina and Baker, 2016).
5. Charles Darwin theory- in this it can be said that this theory will reflect as the genetic
inheritance results as the behavior of the person, which are adapted as the promoting and
survival of species, this kind of factors is based on the evolutionary perspective. This
theory will work in relation to all the people.
6. Contextual theory- with the help of this it can be known as that the various kind of the
internal factors such are as psychological theories need to be understood.
1.2 Description on the various psychological theory in relation to the age related to the specific
stages of life.
In this the psychological theories are related to the differed life stages. In this the Piaget
model of cognitive development is relates to the those kinds of the perspective which allows
understanding and think about world. This kind of factor can be known as the developmental
stage theory. With the help of this the qualitative difference among the child and adults can be
known in relation to the logical abilities of the person. It can be understand with the help of the
four stages such are as-
Sensor motor stage- This will help in reflecting the behavior of the person who is between the
age of two years to three years (Garrison and et. al., 2016). In this time the child used to learn
about the object and the thing which is around them. In this they are having very less knowledge
and it is based on the physical interaction and the experience. They come to know about the each
thing with the help of making mistakes.
Preoperational stage- This is the another one which help in reflecting the behavior of the person
who is between the age of 2 ti 7 years. In this he uses to identify the things in relation to using of
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the symbols and various objects. This is his learning stage. The counting, classifying and various
kind of similarities help them to understand the things in the most effective manner.
Concrete operational stage- In this the behavior of the person is reflecting within the 7 to 11
years and they are able to understand the each thing with the different point of view. With the
help these things can be understand as per the intellectual development and use of logical things
can be happened.
Formal operational stage- in this stage the behavior of the person changes as per his mood
swings. This is the phase of the adolescence and he starts to think about each thing in the
multiple manner. In this it can be known as this is the intellectual development which will be a
life long process and can be improved as per the different theories of the findings.
TASK 2
2.1 Explanation on the biological and social factors which work as to influence the human
behaviour.
The genetic role of the person can reflect the human behavior in relation to various
things. This is the capacity which work in relation to the various phases of life such are as
physical, mental, emotional and social activities during the stages of life of human are defined as
the infancy, parental, childhood, adolescence and adulthood. With the help this several kinds of
factor the behavior of the person cab be influenced. These are defined in the following manner
are as-
Social factors- in this various kind of factors are given but the socialization is one of
them, it gives the large impact on the behavior of the person. This is the phase of the life in
which person used to start to learn the knowledge, language and skill through the society. This
kind of issues affect the behavior of the human. In this the family is another major factor which
can largely affect the behavior of the person because the most of the children used to learn the
things about their family (Thoma, Bebeau and Narvaez, 2016). In this it can be said that the
physical observation pays the effective role. In this the another factor is the education in this way
he starts to learn about the various kind of things with the help of this person can bring various
kind of changes in his overall personality. With the good education they reflect the good morale
ethics and with the bad education system they start behaving in the bad manner. The various kind
of ther social factor can influence the behavior of the person. The culture, media, environment all
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this factor bring the discrimination and social exclusion which is the major drawback in relation
to large impact the personalities of the person.
Biological factors- in this it can be true to said that not only the social factors but the
biological factors can also influence the behavior of the human in the both negative and positive
manner. In this the genetic changes are one of the biological factor. It can be true to said that
everyone is having their own style and they so the things on the basis of several characteristics
such are as intelligence, tactics and talents and this all are come from the heredity it can be true
to said that this kind of factor can affect the behavior of the person in the large manner ( Garrison
and et. al., 2016). If the parents of the child is suffering from some disease than there are
maximum chances that that child will also suffer from that issue in the near future. The body
structure, health and internal function of the body is differed from person to person and its all
depends on the genetic factors. This kind of factor plays effective role in relation to overall
changes in the human body.
2.2 Description on the significance of the social roles of a health and social care setting.
The social role plays effective role in relation to understand the behavior of the person in
the total life span development. This kind of function can also have some negative effects such
are as slow down the metabolic system, imbalance hormone conditions, less absorption on the
nutrients, heat loss with various kind of the physical and psychological reason throughout the
whole life. This all the natural function which comes to have changes with the aging period the
cope measure in this relation cannot be identified (Thoma, Bebeau and Narvaez, 2016). In this
both the kind of physical as well the metal thing are important in relation to the better well being
of the person. In this the effective and successful aging of the person is depends on the
environment, behavior, attitude of the person. This all are social factors other than the heredity.
In order to maintain the health and social care of the person it is essential to understand that
social role plays expertise role.
With the help of the good nutrition, parental care reduction in the metal disorders of the
person both psychological and physical health of human can be maintained. With the life cycle
the person start to forget the things of daily life and he can suffer from the situation of the
absentmindedness in this type of phase the social role plays the most effective role.
The importance of social factor is very important in this stage because the people wants to have
some support, affection and care (Polaha, Schetzina and Baker, 2016). This kind of things can be
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cope up with the maintaining the restriction on the calories' intake and some exercise which can
be helpful in relation to maintain the mental and physical health of the person in effective
manner. With the help of the positive attitude on the person he can easily cope up with the stress.
In this the social role plays effective role with it people can develop the new personalities in him
so that he can work in more effectual manner as used to do before. It can be said that the social
support to the work and improvement in his learning skill helps to maintain the successful aging
during the each stage of the life.
TASK 3
3.1 Explanation of the application of the various psychological theories to the individual in
relation to reduction in level of stress.
The stress can affect the body of the person in very harsh manner. With the help of the
psychological and physical reaction of the person the level of the stress can be judged. The
physical, metal and emotion all these things are mix up at the time when person used to get hyper
due to his stress (Zhang and Zhao, 2017). In relation to psychological stress the various kind of
component can be the various kind of things can be happened such are as work related stress,
illness and chronic illness. The workplace stress occurred in the situation of the heavy workload,
long working of hours, less nutrition. In this person wants to have some rest but due top high
pressure he starts to work in the stressed manner. Sometime the effective management style can
be caused of the stress in the workplace. The other things like pollutants, heat and excessive
noise factor can create the stressful working environment. In this manner to avoid the rest the
person used to take some rest and try to maintain good relation with other person so that they can
talk and reduce their stress.
Th this the another reason behind the stress can be the illness in the person body. In this relation
if the person is suffering from the chronic diseases such are as kidney, heart, cancer etc. in this
manner the person used to think about his incapacitates which is due to his physical issues, this
kind of situation can leads to have the emotional stress in the person (Knight, 2017). It can be
true to sad that in this time he wants to have some care from others so that stress can be reduced
and g
He can develop the positive attitude among himself.
The stress situation cab be occur in the situation if person is suffering from the very tough phase
in his life. It can be due to death of the person who used to be very close to him. This mind of
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major changes in life can create the stress (Zhang and Zhao, 2017). The all the things can be
easily cope if person used to behave in the positive manner. Loss of person, loss of reputation,
loss of child, loss of relation and loss of job are all the cause which cam create the situation of
stress the human should learn to deal with it.
3.2 Theories of psychological in relation to the behavioural disturbance.
This kind of situation can be created in the any stage of the life during the childhood or
the adolescence. The behavioral disturbance can leads to have various type of changes such are
disorder as attention deficit disorder, autistic spectrum disorders. This all are defined in the
following manner are as-
Attention deficit disorder- this kind of factor is most common and it can be in the children and
teenagers (Knight, 2017). They want to have lost of attention from other due to this they start to
do some act with the help of which they can attract to person.
Autistic spectrum disorder- This can be also known as the pervasive development theories. This
kind of situation can affect the various era of child such are as social interaction, behavior and
communication.
Addictive behaviors- in the Alcohol, sex, eating, work, physical addiction all are the addictive
disorders with this various kind of decease can be occurred (Dunkel and Harbke, 2017). The
person can get effective treatment in this with the use of communication, family therapy, self
help etc.
3.3 Description on the understanding of the mental health disorders.
This kind of issues can also known as the metal illness. It can be caused due to the mental
and emotion reason. There are various kinds of the mental health disorder are defined in th
following manner rare as-
Depression- This is the most common kind of illness. In can be occur in the daily life of
the person. IN this the symptoms are as feeling hopeless, sad, anxious and restless are the main
reason. The women are mostly suffered from this kind of issues (Coady and Lehmann, 2016).
Schizophrenia- it is the kind of the chronic disease. It can affect the life of the people in
the large manner. The people who are addicted to drug can be included in this. In this they start
to think like that other are reading their mind and controlling their thoughts. They are having the
anxiety of loosing something.
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The psychology is helpful in relation to make the better connection with the mental process of
the person in the effective manner. In this manner it is essential to elaborate the psychological
theories which will be helpful in order to demonstrate the things in the effective manner. In
relation to funding out the bets possible treatment this kind of the disease can be cured
effectively.
3.4 Evaluation on the psychological principles which affecting the behaviour changes.
In this various psychological principles are give which are helpful in relation to cope up
with the mental and physical stability of the person (Bolin, 2016). There are various kinds of
things such are defined in the following manner are as-
Learning theory- the person used to lean the new things in daily life. He should learn that how
to behave in the positive manner. With the help of developing his skill he can easily cope up with
the negative behavioral changes.
Environmental theory- the changes in the climate can bring the mood swing in the behavior of
the person. In this the cognitive rules in this relation can change the behavioral of the person in
the negative manner. This kind of situation need to be controlled.
3.5 Theories of psychological and its understanding in relation to health and social care.
The theories of psychological is very helpful in relation to reduction in the mental illness
and behavior of the person. There are various kinds of theories are given such are as human
mental process and human behavioral throughout the life cycle. In this some theories are very
helpful to understand the depth of the relation, family, friend, environment of workplace so that
people can start to live in the positive manner, the negative effect can create the harmful
condition in the human life (Bjorklund and Causey, 2017). With the help of the psychological
theory the person can have clear understanding about the relationship which will help them to
improve the health and social care in the well being of human life.
CONCLUSION
From the above assignment it has been concluded that psychological factor plays
essential role in relation to maintain the health and social care of the person. In this the various
stages of life span control has been defined. It is very helpful in relation to cope with several
stages of stress throughout the life of the human beings. The present file has been covered the
various kind of psychological theories with the help of which behavioral of the human can be
influenced.
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REFERENCES
Journal & Book
Bjorklund, D. F., & Causey, K. B. 2017. Children's thinking: Cognitive development and
individual differences. SAGE Publications.
Bolin, A. 2016. Children's agency in interprofessional collaborative meetings in child welfare
work. Child & Family Social Work. 21(4). 502-511.
Coady, N., & Lehmann, P. (Eds.). 2016. Theoretical perspectives for direct social work practice:
A generalist-eclectic approach. Springer Publishing Company.
Demetriou, A., Shayer, M., & Efklides, A. (Eds.). 2016. Neo-Piagetian theories of cognitive
development: Implications and applications for education. Routledge.
Dunkel, C. S., & Harbke, C. 2017. A review of measures of Erikson’s stages of psychosocial
development: Evidence for a general factor. Journal of Adult Development. 24(1). 58-76.
Garrison, G. M. & et. al., 2016. Time to remission for depression with collaborative care
management (CCM) in primary care. The Journal of the American Board of Family
Medicine. 29(1). 10-17.
Knight, Z. G. 2017. A proposed model of psychodynamic psychotherapy linked to Erik Erikson's
eight stages of psychosocial development. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy.
Polaha, J., Schetzina, K., & Baker, K. 2016. A Collaborative Practice Training Model for
Pediatric Primary Care. International Journal of Health Sciences Education. 3(2). pp. 6.
Thoma, S. J., Bebeau, M. J., & Narvaez, D. 2016. How not to evaluate a psychological measure:
Rebuttal to criticism of the Defining Issues Test of moral judgment development by
Curzer and colleagues. Theory and Research in Education. 14(2). 241-249.
Zhang, Q., & Zhao, H. 2017. An Analytical Overview of Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral
Development in College Moral Education in Mainland China. Open Journal of Social
Sciences. 5(08). 151.
Online
Lifespan Theories: Psychosexual and Psychosocial Theories. 2017.[online] Available
through.<https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wsu-sandbox/chapter/lifespan-theories-
psychosexual-and-psychosocial-theories/>:
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