Measurement Statistics Report: Examining Variables and Research Design

This report delves into the fundamental concepts of measurement statistics within the field of psychology, specifically focusing on the roles and interactions of independent, dependent, and extraneous variables. It clarifies the distinctions between these variable types, illustrating how independent variables are manipulated, dependent variables are measured, and extraneous variables are controlled to ensure research validity. The report highlights the significance of controlling for extraneous variables, such as participant, researcher, and situational variables, to avoid confounding results. It also describes practical methods like random sampling to mitigate their impact on study outcomes. Furthermore, the report provides real-world examples to illustrate the application of these concepts, making it a useful resource for students studying psychological research methods.

Running head: MEASUREMENT STATISTIC
MEASUREMENT STATISTIC
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author’s Note:

1MEASUREMENT STATISTIC
Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous
variables.
The dependent variable is describing as the idea which is calculating in an experiment at
the same time as the independent variable is the thing that is operating or transformed (Fukagawa
et al., 2014). Extraneous variables are objectionable variables that inspire to create the
connection between the variables that the experimenter is detecting. The independent variable,
also known as predictor variables and the other name of dependent variables, is criterion
variables, and the extraneous variable is known as confounding variables.
For instance, an experimenter was learning the effects of gender on answer times, with
the concept that ladies would be slower than men. The experimenter surveyed 25 members in a
public conference room during the day (Banker et al., 2016). The dependent variable is the
reaction times, the independent variable is the sexual category of members, and extraneous
variables define the nature of the conference room.
Describe two ways that researchers attempt to control extraneous variables
One method to control extraneous variables is random sampling. It does not remove any
extraneous variable, and it only confirms it is equivalent between all collections (Allom, Mullan
& Hagger , 2016). When this method isn't using, the outcome that an extraneous variable can
have on the learning results develop a considerable concern.
For scholars to be assuring that modify in the independent variable will exclusively
affecting to modify in the dependent variable, potential confounds require to be recognized and
eliminated.
Participant's variable: -

2MEASUREMENT STATISTIC
The researchers were decreasing differences between participants like as capability of IQ
and stage development in terms of age.
Researcher's variable:-
The features like scholar behaviour, presence, or gender could affect contributor
reactions, so it should be made reliable during the experiment (Sommestad et al., 2014).
Situational variable:-
It states that the setting control where the test takes place, like keeping the reliable sound,
light, and temperature levels.

3MEASUREMENT STATISTIC
References:-
Allom, V., Mullan, B., & Hagger, M. (2016). Does inhibitory control training improve health
behaviour? A meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 10(2), 168-186.
Banker, R. D., Basu, S., Byzalov, D., & Chen, J. Y. (2016). The confounding effect of cost
stickiness on conservatism estimates. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 61(1), 203-
220.
Fukagawa, M., Kido, R., Komaba, H., Onishi, Y., Yamaguchi, T., Hasegawa, T., ... & Fukuhara,
S. (2014). Abnormal mineral metabolism and mortality in hemodialysis patients with
secondary hyperparathyroidism: evidence from marginal structural models used to adjust
for time-dependent confounding. American journal of kidney diseases, 63(6), 979-987.
Sommestad, T., Hallberg, J., Lundholm, K., & Bengtsson, J. (2014). Variables influencing
information security policy compliance. Info