Psychosocial Management of Diabetes: A Literature Review

This essay comprehensively examines the psychosocial management of diabetes, a prevalent global health concern. It explores the disease framework, drawing upon ten peer-reviewed journals to analyze effective strategies for individual and community-level interventions. The essay addresses the impact of diabetes on patients' emotional well-being and quality of life, emphasizing the need for comprehensive behavioral and psychiatric approaches. It reviews the methodology used, including search strategies and article selection criteria. The findings highlight the increasing prevalence of diabetes, its psychosocial impacts such as depression and anxiety, and the varying management protocols across different age groups and countries. The essay evaluates the mixed methods appraisal tools used to assess the quality of the studies. It emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, patient education, and the integration of mental and physical health care. The essay concludes with recommendations for improving psychosocial management in Australia, promoting better patient outcomes, and addressing the socioeconomic burden associated with diabetes.

Running head: NURSING IN DIABETES
PSYCHOSOCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR DIABETES
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

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PSYCHOSOCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR DIABETES
Introduction
Diabetes is a worldwide health apprehension predominant in numerous social groups
and populations. Diabetes mellitus is a disease where blood sugar levels are aberrantly high,
as the body does not produce ample insulin. This leads to an increase in the thirst and
urination causing the patient to lose weight (O’Brien et al., 2016). Genetics is one of the
causative factors; the higher frequency of complications in managing diabetes is imputable to
social behaviours over generations. Psychological management, such as family remedy and
behavioural analysis includes an extensive array of methodologies. Random trails produce
enhancement in the wellbeing of the psychological measures although enhancement in the
control of glycemic is more obscure. The behavioural influence varies from individual to
individual and from therapist to therapist. Few trails are controllable to withstand
development in glycosylated haemoglobin over a year. Few patients willingly involve
themselves and accept this kind of management interference (Gupta et al., 2016). Proper
psychological management would help a diabetes patient more socially active, more
knowledgeable about the solution, and ways to keep it in control. The purpose of this essay is
to inspect the effective psychological management of diabetes over an individual or
community. It is structured to explain about the disease framework, concisely explaining the
data received from ten journals and critical assessment for the study of diabetes. A
comprehensive comparison of the constructive and contrasting study on the nature of the
topic providing a good explanation of the psychological management of diabetes done by
providing some recommendation that needs to be followed to make it more successful in
Australia.
Review framework and article selection

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The search policy and selection process is an organised framework of basic terms
used to explore a database. This strategy combines some key perceptions for the search
queries to recover precise outputs. Search strategy includes searching for possible key terms,
phrases and keywords, wildcard discrepancy and condensed search terms and appropriate
subject headings. The search policy followed in this essay was to choose the search term at
first and then to search the keywords and exact phrases. Choosing the journal was the most
important activity performed by the writer with the help of keywords, phrases and following
the journal rating. The journal from 2013 to 2019 was chosen to complete the task. The
abstract of the entire ten journals was studied before selecting it. The whole articles for all the
journals were evaluated for eligibility and then the choice of journals was made depending on
the understanding of the concept. The students' study depends on proper synthesis and
understanding of the concepts. The following essay is based upon psychosocial management
for diabetes concerning 10 peer-reviewed journals.
Summary and evaluation of the literature
Diabetes mellitus is a devastating, long-lasting illness affecting almost 1.8 million
people in Australia. The effect of the disease reaches past physical symptoms of the illness
with emotional suffering and psychosocial influence on the eminence of life. The
management of the disease gets intricate due to patient action (O’Brien et al., 2016). A
comprehensive array of behavioural and psychiatric apprehension are existing in the patient
suffering from this disease. In few cases, it is observed that related signs are intense and
austere enough to draw a response of the suppliers, although it is also noticeable that the
influence lingers portentously under the surface making tough by the clinicians to identify the
level of behavioural and psychosocial components.

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The psychosocial expression of diabetic patients arises from different clinical
presentations. All the signs of diabetes can reflect psychiatric sickness, therefore, making it
difficult to differentiate among twofold pathologies (Gupta et al., 2016). The most shared
demonstration faced in the substitute section is of a patient recommending the somatic
expression of a misperception, carelessness, sickness, acute panic attack and diaphoresis,
although, in the real-world, these indications characterizes a critical occurrence of
hypoglycemia.
Even though this critical occurrence, the concealing of the pathology of medicine by
psychiatric diagnoses is rapidly revealed. In the case of the disease diabetes mellitus, refined
long-term psychiatric management of chronic disease preferred for a better diagnosis. The
traditional exercise of medicine where both mental and physical health are classified as two
different units hence impeding clinician’s capability to categorise the durable psychiatric
impediments of the disease diabetes mellitus (Harvey, 2015).
The early analysis of diabetes patient has been written to make an insightful
impression on the youngsters and the youth’s belligerent to agree to the authenticities for a
long time diagnosis. The patient tries to experience some behavioural upheaval while
undergoing strict treatment rules and regulation of management and diet in medication
(Hagger et al., 2016). The individual need to treatment properly and in a regular manner,
however, if not treated properly it becomes very difficult to diagnose the psychosocial issue a
person id suffering from such as depression, anxiety, personality disorder and strong impulse
to control this disorder therefore further complicating the long-lasting treatment for diabetes
mellitus.
In addition to this, it is also observed that the patient frequently faces frustrations for
the normally occurring experiences of the cycle to adhere to the noncompliance of the strict

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diet and the regimens of medications that are normally needed to treat diabetes (Nanayakkara
et al., 2018). The education on diabetes presently stands upon the excellent training received
by the patient over the things that are needed to be done and things that are not. The rules and
conventions of the medical supervision, along with the exhaustive enumeration of the
significances of the improper management of diabetes. Regardless of this structured
curriculum, the patient sometimes still lacks emotional insight into the impression of diabetes
diagnosis of psychosocial management.
The nonappearance of the clinical methodologies, which leads the patient to meet
complications to embark on the adaptability of lives with diabetes. Different researches were
conducted in a different database over the management issue. The databases followed are
MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Register on control trail, PsycINFO, Embase and
CINAHL by using the key terms such as psychosocial, psychosocial management, human
behaviour, cognition and emotion. Several articles were obtained giving a thorough detail of
the narrative combination of highlights marking the theories, synthesis of the obtained data,
interaction and mechanisms of several necessary and variable aspects, which are
psychological aspects for a patient (Tareen & Tareen, 2016). This influences the self-care
clinical output and behaviour outcomes for the analysis.
Every study was appraised critically by using a specific design selective approval tool
from the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). The quality of the
study was designated by the checklist measures that have been contented which have not
contended for the conclusion that is amended quickly. Few specific criteria that were fulfilled
to the areas where it was lagging (Chew, 2015 & Vloeman et al., 2019). There are mixed
methods, which was analysed by the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tools (MMAT) of version
2011. The proper evaluation of the mixed scheme study method includes if the mixed method

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strategy was impeccable and whether the amalgamation was pertinent to the research
question and objectives questions.
The principle for the method strategy counts if the restrictions are marginable
considering the associations with incorporation if discrepancy of the quantitative and
qualitative in design triangulation was applicable. The quantitative method was done by using
200 immigrants in the Sydney metropolitan area (SMA) analysed suffering from diabetes for
at least six months before the study were launched as of SMA that was attending the
immigrant community (Mustapha, Hossain & Loughlin, 2014).
This study was used as a reference or questionnaire to confirm the contextual
information, diagnosis of health issues and treating diabetes, quality of life and lifestyle. The
illness management as well as the wellbeing of an individual handled by this SMA. Diabetes
was managed with the use of tools such as a Patient Activation Measurement (PAM) scale;
on the other hand Quality of life (QOL) was analysed with the CES-D scale (Biernatzki et al.,
2016).
Findings
The frequency of diabetes mellitus is increasing exponentially in Australia as well as
in other parts of the world. International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in the year 2010 surveyed
that about 285 million people have diabetes in the world. The data obtained showed that there
was an increase of 39 million people who have diabetes since 2007 (Harvey, 2015). The
proportion of the increase in pervasiveness suggested that in the year 2030, there would be
almost 439 million increase of the people suffering from diabetes mellitus in the world. In the
year 2025, it is predicted that the majority of patients with diabetes would be prevailing more
in populated countries such as India and China.

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There are various projections on the prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus, which give
the impression to be similar for both developed as well as underdeveloped countries. The
plan suggested that the level and the impact varies from various age groups and from
countries to countries. The psychosocial management strategy in developed countries with
age groups ranging from 45-64 years of age follows the different protocol as compared to the
age group of 64 years and above (Harvey, 2015). Therefore the management plans pose a
chief socioeconomic liability to young people in developing countries. It is also predicted that
diabetes mellitus psychosocial management contributes to about 23 million years of life lost
because of reduced work-life and disability. It had been noticed that almost the same number
of people suffer from depression globally, with an occurrence rate ranging from 14-16
percent where women are more affected than men (Hagger et al., 2016).
The common psychosocial impact for diabetes patients is depression that targets the
younger population leading to a vast effect on the economy. The data obtained from the
World Health Organisation (WHO) stated that a person who has diabetes undergo depression
and anxiety that further causes mortality, morbidity and disability among men and women,
respectively. Diabetes mellitus psychosocial management is expected to become the world's
topmost leading cause of prevention of morbidity. Depression in diabetes mellitus is a
common phenomenon with a variable frequency (Harvey, 2015). The prevalence of
management is dependent on the countries where the survey is being performed and
awareness about depression prevailing with various groups or communities. It is seen during
the psychosocial management that for few people, it becomes an issue of cultural acceptance
for the society to concede the level of despair of the socio-economic sections of the groups
consecutively persuading the capability to pursue suitable providers for treatment and
diagnosis. This literature suggested that patient suffering from diabetes mellitus females
suffers different forms of depression (Hagger et al., 2016). The psychosocial management

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policy for diabetes depends upon the meta-analysis concluded that diabetes people have a
wide variety of prevailing amounts in different states.
Psychosocial management programs showed a higher percentage of people who have
diabetes with depression, although these individuals did not meet the benchmark for the
disorders. The jeopardy of depression was lesser in people who were suffering from diabetes
mellitus type I as compared towards someone suffering from diabetes mellitus type II. The
threat of developing the psychiatric condition was increased with the faster onset of diabetes
mellitus. The large study showed that proper utilisation of the survey was done to collect
proper information from 22,000 people suffering from depression was 8.3 percent (Hagger et
al., 2016).
Finalising of the study material and survey content were done with modifications
made in response to the feedback received that includes removal of the items in reducing
lengths, streamlining the information and procedures, removal of items to reduce lengths,
providing rearrangement and definitions to the items that were presented. The information
includes open questions, private information and questions that are related to diabetes. In
reaction to the apprehensions presented by the reference groups and by the parents were
removed while conducting youth surveys. The psychosocial management aspects for diabetes
perform various surveys to finally ensemble the notions and different actions in every version
of the listed surveys. Endorsement of the management policies to use different measures and
certification policies adopted for the fulfillment of the goal. All the data collected by the
national survey suggested to the participation of all the eligible candidates who were
diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus or the parents are suffering from the disease (Hagger
et al., 2016). The person or the family is involved in the National Diabetes Service Scheme
and is asked to undergo the research measures and policies. The main purpose of the National
Data Service Scheme is to provide information, support services for the Australians who were

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diagnosed with diabetes. The psychosocial management program has obtained the data
stating that young people between 20 to 30 years of age have chances of going into anxiety.
The study of the effect that a person was undergoing the management program is
reported to have fewer problems related to mobility. The gender of the patient influences the
management aspects of diabetes. The psychosocial management aspects made associations
between gender and participants to understand the role and accountability of disease
problems (Tareen & Tareen, 2017). This helps in the prevention and adoption behaviour in
managing diabetes. A sample t-test was done in the management procedure for understanding
that the males preferring the program to females (Nanayakkara et al., 2018). Average males
were more confident about the prevention strategies that reduce further problems as
compared to females. The difference between male and female have a noteworthy numerical
dissimilarity with p=<0.001 and p=<0.00 individually.
More males are there than females in psychosocial management analysis that affects
the statistical results. ANOVA tests were run to receive the effects of patient’s education on
diabetes management. The result showed that the person with no basic schooling was a
smaller amount self-reliancet in reducing and preventing health problems linked with
diabetes having data of p=<0.04 (Nanayakkara et al., 2018). A related outline displayed that
endorsed health systems and proper understanding the responsibility and role. The differences
were not that noticeable. The outcomes revealed that a strong correlation existed between
personal care and mobility. The psychosocial management program also showed a robust
correspondence amongst anxiety and melancholy.
The consequence of the management showed that the gender of patient with diabetis
are momentous in all phases, indicating that males are more responsible in understanding the
roles than females. On the other hand, women are more buoyant in reducing and preventing

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health problems. Some data gave contradictory output showing that the gender of the diabetic
patient did not have an impact on diabetes management (Tareen & Tareen, 2017). This
controversy was explained depending on the cultural data obtained. Diabetes mellitus II is
more conjoint in the British inhabitants originating from the Indian subcontinent. The output
also showed that education for a diabetic patient is only related to only one section of
diabetes management such a reduction and prevention in the health problem. It is observed
that the person with good physical skills, knowledge and emotional features has self-efficacy
to guide and stimulate metabolic control and self-care. The result obtained, from linear
regression analysis revealed that awareness of diabetes and elasticity reduces the blood sugar
amount by providing proper assistance for diabetes management (Tareen & Tareen, 2017).
Discussion
Diabetes is a complex chronic disease putting the person at risk. It is noticed a person
who has diabetes undergoes a high risk of developing psychosocial issues that makes the
person iller. Hence, the management of the issue is needed so that the person can receive
proper help and treatment (Nanayakkara et al., 2018). The complexity increases with the
increase of the psychosocial issues and immediate navigation required by the health system
team to manage the problem. The trail investigation was done to find all the psychosocial
interventions that are needed for the improvement in life quality, self-efficacy and disease
management.
The result of the literature showed that features such as sex, education, knowledge,
and age have smaller effects on management, quality of life as well as self-care for the patient
who has diabetes. Self-care activities of diabetes depends on the human natures that are
undertaken by the patient suffering and need to manage it for welfare. In the above section, it
was discussed regarding the findings showing that three factors are very useful for managing

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diabetes. The current research has shown that the patient’s age and the diabetes level are
required for self-care (Mustapha, Hossain & Loughlin, 2014). The research study showed that
there is a less substantial dissimilarity between man and women in relation toward self-care
for diabetes irrespective of the age groups. The educational level, language groups and self-
care are necessary for better analysis. Homogeneity and low variability concerning behaviour
resulted in lesser sample size, therefore, justifying future research with the greater unit.
Comparable findings with no noteworthy difference are displayed in psychosocial
management for males and females suffering from diabetes self-care, as reported by the
management research that there is no significant modification on the level of education
(Mustapha, Hossain & Loughlin, 2014). The ANOV test performed gave the analysis that the
mean score of self-care was higher for a male patient in comparison to females and the score
was greater for an individual with less educational background. This means that the social
duration and support had an important positive impact on self-care, although social issues
such as depression outs a negative impact on the same. The psychosocial management for
diabetes balances the bridge between patient’s age, educational level and the region they
belong to. The psychosocial management for diabetes categorises the patient on cultural
beliefs too so that they might not be any discrepancy issues. The fact is that the present
investigation employs identical techniques in adjustment methods and design for data
analysis (Chew, Shariff-Ghazali & Fernandez, 2014).
Diabetes management states that the possibility of the presence of distress in the
initial stage for managing it. Patients might not be acquainted with being concerned unless
they are asked some specific questions. The self-management tool provided helps diabetic
patient to deal with emotional distress. The scales are validated for further clinical purposes.
The prospective benefit of devoting time for developing diabetes management tools with
patients proved that it is time-consuming and they are long-running. It saves the patient from

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anxiety, frustration, and any other psychosocial issue (Chew, Shariff-Ghazali & Fernandez,
2014). The screening scales that are set by the psychosocial management would help to
demarcate emotional agony that a patient with diabetes is going through. It aids the provider
for diabetes mellitus output by observing a patient's plight and provide them with solutions
and difficulties faced by the patient. Primarily the finding stated that diabetes mellitus is not a
physical orientation that is completely separated from the patients' psyche. Quality of life
improves the output measures for diabetes mellitus psychosocial issues, thus improving the
risk of lasting problems.
The study that was done with 20 patients suffering from diabetes mellitus displayed
the fact that quicker improvement in postprandial blood glucose levels and fasting blood
glucose levels were cured with advanced moderation skills and proper feedback treatment,
therefore proposing that a less restless state improves diabetes care. Therefore, the
psychosocial management for diabetes is essential for a better life of the patient. The
psychosocial management scheme for diabetes faces conducive outputs where its utmost
importance is that the healthcare people would maintain some level of emotional suffering, a
strong moral support for the social system and ability to believe in the health care people
(Biernatzki et al., 2018). This multidisciplinary approach ensures better outcomes for diabetes
mellitus patients. The psychosocial management team includes a psychologist and social
workers from the health clinic addressing the difficulties and concerns of diabetes mellitus
patients. This is needed to provide the patient suffering from the psychosocial issues so that
they can easily manage their social life as a parent, student, worker and spouse.
Structural educational model (SEM) showed a certainty that self-efficacy of diabetes
and treatment effectiveness directly affects the psychosocial management of diabetes that
directly affects the management procedures by supporting social support, knowledge and
goof patient communication. The study provided a proper examination of proximate factors

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affecting diabetes management directly. The resulting finding of the essay showed that
diabetes patient sex was significant to all the diabetes psychosocial management (Biernatzki
et al., 2018). This indicates that the males understand the responsibilities and role hence
following a recommended health pattern and adopting a good behavioural change as
compared to females. On the other hand, the study showed that females could play a crucial
role in reducing and preventing health-related problems as compared to males.
The findings proved that emotional factors, physical skills and knowledge are in the
linear regression curve proving that diabetes management reduces the blood sugar level thus
helping in psychosocial management for depression and anxiety. The conclusion of the
contemporaneous learning has an impact on the quality of life with respect to gender. The
present study showed that the influence of diabetes on the quality of life could be monitored
with a psychosocial management tool. The health care individual who is involved in the
process survey the individual undergoing difficulty with the issue.
The above literature result suggested that the quality of life for a diabetes-educated
person counts a lesser score on family, leisure activity and mobility. The main intention for
analysis was to analyse the data obtained from the findings (Vloeman et al., 2019). The
models and the sample size used have constant side effects for treating the patients from time
to time. The secondary analysis was done along with covariance that compared the score
between all the phases a patient has to go through such as primary, secondary and tertiary.
The psychosocial management team for diabetes had set a baseline score to diagnose the
categorical fixed effect for the clinician, treatment group suffering from social issues in
diabetes.
Recommendation

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It can be recommended from above discussion showed that a comprehensive picture
of psychological management in clinical practice required for making utility and application
more up-to-date those had been assembled depending on the various clinical framework. The
recommendation has been categorised on psychosocial management and valuation and social
management and evaluation depending on the above literature. The general assessment that is
provided to the patient is the facilitation of education on diabetes by the use of modules
explaining numeracy educational kit and diabetes literacy kit. Psychosocial management and
evaluation have a considerable influence on diabetes treatment and the individual. It
recommends that the moment the psychosocial problem is identified, healthcare professionals
need to illustrate the bond amongst the reduced management for diabetes control. The
analysis of the patient's social and psychosocial situations needs to be a part of the
management with the use of reliable tools including good questionnaires and instrumentation.
Many people with diabetes do not cope well with normal life. Therefore, psychosocial
and social assessments are made for the identification of problems and deterioration in social
status. The psychosocial involvements need to have a positive impact on the outcomes that
negative depression. The studies on psychosocial management depend on the screening
instrumentation having good validity and reliability. It is recommended that psychosocial
problems need a better identification that creates a link between poor control of diabetes.
Psychosocial support helps the individual in making changes for sustaining and preserving
the efforts to optimise both quality of life and glycaemic control. Cognitive behavioural
rehabilitation is strongly suggested for training and educating the change in the habitual
pattern, therefore responding to different challenges and problems. The tool's design by the
management is recommended to provide a better understanding of the design framework.
Cognitive behavioural therapy is recommended in combination with other policies hence
improving emotional and glycaemic control. Health professionals involved in the

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psychosocial management team for diabetes must receive proper training about the therapy.
The patient needs to be motivated to initiate insulin with the use of motivational approaches
such as a reduction in the clinical inertia and analogy of the building and their resistance to
the usage of insulin. Motivational therapy is a long-term process that needs to function
together with behavioural therapy.
Proper treatment of depression and anxiety are suggested for a diabetic patient
undergoing the management plan. Physicians involved in the management team for
psychosocial issues in diabetes must follow standardised tests such as the Diabetes Distress
Scale. The socio-economic status of the individual influences the health insurance policies
hence playing an important role in diabetes care and assessing socioeconomic class of
patients for management of the disease. The person suffering from psychosocial issues needs
to be handled properly such that the patient suffering can be managed properly. The previous
study proved that the management policy varies between males and females as they respond
to the psychosocial issues differently. Therefore, treatment and management policies would
be different. The person undergoing this process needs a good treatment. The psychosocial
issues for management policies of diabetes condense global experience and evidence by
creating a bridge between them.
It is recommended that the studies need to be done on a larger sample size the sample
size chosen in the above literature were small; hence the finding was limited. It is suggested
to have proper use of tools for determining the emotional effects of diabetes on the patient.
The apparent suggestion for depression and anxiety is to relate the whole population of the
disease status by relating to the social-economic situation and the lifestyle of the individual.
The group chosen for the experiment was immigrants in Australia; hence there was less
diversity. It is recommended that in order to recognise the issue for psychosocial management
for diabetes for understanding the self-care such as emotional factors, physical skills, and

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self-efficiency. It is suggested that management in diabetes is important for conducting
further study including diabetic patients from different cultures and ethnicity.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that the most important appraising cure and precaution for
evaluating the quality of life. The socio-economic position of the person stimulates the health
assurance strategies hence playing an imperative role aimed for diabetes precaution and
measuring socioeconomic assemblage of patients for disease administration. The present
suggested that diabetes could affect both the emotional and physical health aspects of an
individual. Hence, a person with diabetes undergoes psychosocial issues such as stress and
anxiety. The larger sample gives effective results, as it would help analyse the effective
approach. Hence, there is a need for proper psychosocial management for diabetes that deals
with the social and economic life of an individual. The low sample size taken for analysing
the health issue gives some selective data. A qualitative as well as quantitative analysis
required to strengthen the health literacy people. Psychosocial aspects such as anxiety, stress,
depression and distress provide a good psychosocial domain for analysis. Anxiety and
depression are the common cause of psychosocial issues and hence it needs proper
management. Stress those are related to diabetes such as a feeling of discouragement
regarding the treatment procedures and fear about social acceptance. A diabetic patient
receives short time stress that is related to self-care that ultimately develops to anxiety and
depression. It is recommended that diabetes psychosocial management require ideal
management time and policies.

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Summary Table
Author Title Source Finding
O’Brien et
al. (2016)
The Mental Health in
Diabetes Service (MINDS) to
enhance psychosocial health:
study protocol for a
randomized controlled trial
BioMed
Central
The result proved that ideal
diabetes could be
maintained by involvement
and regulation of
psychosocial aspects along
with skilled management of
the disease.
Gupta et al.
(2015)
Psychological Aspects
Related to Diabetes Mellitus
Journal of
Diabetes
Research
Psychosocial aspects of
diabetes can be managed
by proper dietary control,
monitoring of glucose, and
to take medicine if
prescribed. This would
reduce the risk of social
issues and emotional
distress related to diabetes.
John Harvey
(2015)
Psychosocial interventions for
the diabetic patient
Dove Press
Journal
The result suggested that
trials can produce an
enhancement in the
wellbeing of psychosocial
issues but the control in
glucose has a stronger
impact.
Hagger et al.
(2015)
Diabetes MILES Youth–
Australia: methods and
sample characteristics of a
national survey of the
psychological aspects of
living with type 1 diabetes in
Australian youth and their
parents
BMC
Psychology
The Diabetes MILES
(Management and Impact
for Long-term
Empowerment and
Success) has the principal
significant influence on
diabetes and psychosocial
consequences.
Nanayakkara
et al. (2018)
Depression and diabetes
distress in adults with type 2
diabetes: results from the
Australian National Diabetes
Audit (ANDA) 2016
Nature
The outcome of the paper is
to focus on the significance
of broadcasting the
emotional and psychosocial
well-being in people with
diabetes and highlights the
fact the depression and
anxiety have a key role in
it.
Tareen
(2017)
Psychosocial aspects of
diabetes management: the
dilemma of diabetes distress
Translational
pediatrics
The paper brings the fact
the difference between
stress and depression puts a
major disorder spectrum in
inpatient psychology.
Chew et al. Psychological aspects of World The appropriate nature of

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PSYCHOSOCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR DIABETES
2014 diabetes care: Effecting
behavioral change in patients
Journal of
Diabetes
the psychosocial issues is
to link inflammation and
psychological aspects
encouraging health care
professionals giving equal
attention to all the patients
irrespective of gender.
Mustapha
(2014)
Management and Impact of
Diabetes on Quality of Life
among the Lebanese
Community of Sydney: A
Quantitative Study
Journal of
Diabetes and
Metabolism
The results of this study
recommended that diabetes
affects both the emotional
and physical health of the
patients, experiencing
stress and anxiety.
Biematzki et
al. (2018)
Information needs in people
with diabetes mellitus: a
systematic review
Systematic
Reviews
The research was done to
analyse modifications amid
various diabetes
populations or fluctuations
in evidence needed
throughout the disease
progression.
Vloemans et
al. (2019)
Youth With Type 1 Diabetes
Taking Responsibility for
SelfManagement: The
Importance of Executive
Functioning in Achieving
Glycemic Control
Diabetes
care
The paper suggested that
the responsibility for
management for achieving
glycemic control.

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PSYCHOSOCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR DIABETES
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(2018). Information needs in people with diabetes mellitus: a systematic
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Chew, B. H., Shariff-Ghazali, S., & Fernandez, A. (2014). Psychological aspects of diabetes
care: Effecting behavioral change in patients. World journal of diabetes, 5(6), 796.
Gupta, N., Bhadada, S. K., Shah, V. N., & Mattoo, S. K. (2016). Psychological aspects
related to diabetes mellitus. Journal of diabetes research, 2016.
Hagger, V., Trawley, S., Hendrieckx, C., Browne, J. L., Cameron, F., Pouwer, F., ... &
Speight, J. (2016). Diabetes MILES Youth–Australia: methods and sample
characteristics of a national survey of the psychological aspects of living with type 1
diabetes in Australian youth and their parents. BMC psychology, 4(1), 42.
Harvey, J. N. (2015). Psychosocial interventions for the diabetic patient. Diabetes, metabolic
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Mustapha, W., Hossain, Z. S., & Loughlin, K. O. (2014). Management and impact of diabetes
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Diabetes Metab, 5(329), 2.
Nanayakkara, N., Pease, A., Ranasinha, S., Wischer, N., Andrikopoulos, S., Speight, J., ... &
Zoungas, S. (2018). Depression and diabetes distress in adults with type 2 diabetes:
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O’Brien, C. L., Ski, C. F., Thompson, D. R., Moore, G., Mancuso, S., Jenkins, A., ... &
Rossell, S. L. (2016). The Mental Health in Diabetes Service (MINDS) to enhance

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PSYCHOSOCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR DIABETES
psychosocial health: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 17(1),
444.
Tareen, R. S., & Tareen, K. (2017). Psychosocial aspects of diabetes management: dilemma
of diabetes distress. Translational pediatrics, 6(4), 383.
Vloemans, A. F., Eilander, M. M., Rotteveel, J., Bakker-van Waarde, W. M., Houdijk, E. C.,
Nuboer, R., ... & De Wit, M. (2019). Youth with type 1 diabetes taking responsibility
for self-management: the importance of executive functioning in achieving glycemic
control: results from the longitudinal DINO study. Diabetes care, 42(2), 225-231.

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Appendix
The Mental Health in Diabetes Service (MINDS) to enhance psychosocial health: study
protocol for a randomized controlled trial
The result proved that ideal diabetes could be maintained by involvement and regulation of
psychosocial aspects along with skilled management of the disease. The limitation for this
paper is the method and procedure used is very cost effective. Therefore the procedure would
not be well acceptable.
Psychological Aspects Related to Diabetes Mellitus
Psychosocial aspects of diabetes can be managed by proper dietary control, monitoring of
glucose, and to take medicine if prescribed. This would reduce the risk of social issues and
emotional distress related to diabetes. The paper is nevertheless, is limited as they have used
less number of patients with diabetes mellitus type I which was carried out for a short period
that is only for four days.
Psychosocial interventions for the diabetic patient
The result suggested that trials can produce an enhancement in the wellbeing of psychosocial
issues but the control in glucose has a stronger impact. The method used in this paper are not
acceptable in various countries. Therefore the paper lacks in maintaining a uniform integrity
for the research selection group.
Diabetes MILES Youth–Australia: methods and sample characteristics of a national
survey of the psychological aspects of living with type 1 diabetes in Australian youth
and their parents
The Diabetes MILES (Management and Impact for Long-term Empowerment and Success)
has the principal significant influence on diabetes and psychosocial consequences. The

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PSYCHOSOCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR DIABETES
limitations of the paper comprises self-selection favoritism. Requests were sent NDSS
registrants for taking part in the research, that includes 60 percent of all participnats. On other
hand, contestants were the volunteered hence the sample might be totally illustrative of the
bigger population of young people suffering from diabetes.
Depression and diabetes distress in adults with type 2 diabetes: results from the
Australian National Diabetes Audit (ANDA) 2016
The outcome of the paper is to focus on the significance of broadcasting the emotional and
psychosocial well-being in people with diabetes and highlights the fact the depression and
anxiety have a key role in it. It is imaginable that relationship reported might be bidirectional.
Patients with despair are inclined to to diabetes. The sample size taken in this paper is very
small for diagnosis.
Psychosocial aspects of diabetes management: the dilemma of diabetes distress
The paper brings the fact the difference between stress and depression puts a major disorder
spectrum in inpatient psychology. The paper did not explain about the identifiable signs for
the patients with diabetes distress. Diffeernt ways for diabetic care must be recorded as a part
of
Psychological aspects of diabetes care: Effecting behavioral change in patients
The appropriate nature of the psychosocial issues is to link inflammation and psychological
aspects encouraging health care professionals giving equal attention to all the patients
irrespective of gender. The paper was lacking in explaining a proper workforce that is
required for the cultural flexibility in maintaining a variable work model, for the patient with
diabetis mellitus.

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PSYCHOSOCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR DIABETES
Management and Impact of Diabetes on Quality of Life among the Lebanese
Community of Sydney: A Quantitative Study
The results of this study recommended that diabetes affects both the emotional and physical
health of the patients, experiencing stress and anxiety. The t-test result of ANOVA was based
on female population and all were middle aged. The paper is based on the data obtained from
selective age group. The medication plans wre also for particular age group hence, the
analysis was tough for wide spread diagnosis.
Information needs in people with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review
The research was done to analyse modifications amid various diabetes populations or
fluctuations in evidence needed throughout the disease progression. The limitation in this
paper is to find a sensitive and comprehensive finding that can be pre tested. Few critical
judgements weres performed by reveiwers. The qualitative analysis given does not meet the
proper requirements.
Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Taking Responsibility for SelfManagement: The
Importance of Executive Functioning in Achieving Glycemic Control
The paper suggested that the responsibility for management for achieving glycemic control. It
showed a longtitudinal relation among glycemic control and EF. Although the cross sectional
theory given in this paper lacks management policies adopted during the transition stage from
adult to adolescence.