Understanding Public Health: Diabetes Mellitus in the UK - Report

This report addresses diabetes mellitus as a significant public health issue within the United Kingdom. It begins by defining public health and then focuses on diabetes, detailing its types, symptoms, and risk factors. The report explores the burden of diabetes, including its geographical distribution, trends, and vulnerable groups. It presents both early and modern intervention strategies, followed by an examination of public health models, specifically the Health Belief Model. The effectiveness of various intervention strategies is also assessed, and the report references the NHS service (NEEDS) as a practical example of diabetes management. In conclusion, the report emphasizes the prevalence of diabetes in England and its potential links to other health issues. References from various sources support the discussion.

Advancing the health of
the population:
Understanding Public
Health

Table of Contents
• Introduction
• Public health issue
• Burden of the diabetes
• Interventions
• Models of public health
• Effectiveness of intervention strategies of diabetes
• Conclusion
• References

Introduction
• Public health issues are the medical condition
which affect a important portion of specific
population and for dealing with these condition
the organised activity are performed in order to
prevent the diseases, promote the health condition
and prolong the life and generally referred as
Public health (Leschenko, 2019).
• Public health issue includes several chronic
illness. In this discussion, the public health issues
is Diabetes mellitus among the UK population.

Public health issue
Diabetes mellitus
• It is a metabolic disorder that leads to high sugar in the blood.
The untreated high level of blood sugar will lead to nerve
damage, kidney damage and other organ damage (Lovic and
et.al., 2020).
Types of diabetes
• Type 1
• Type 2
• Gestational
• Pre-diabetic

Cont.
Symptoms
• Extreme hunger
• Increased thirst
• Weightless
• Frequent Urination
• Blurry vision
• Extreme fatigue
• poor muscles strengths
• UTI
Risk factors
• Overweight
• 45 year age or older
• parents or sibling with the diabetes
• physically inactive
• had gestational diabetes
• had pre-diabetic
• have high blood pressure
• have high cholesterol

Burden of the diabetes
• Geographical distribution
• Trend
• Vulnerable Group
• Causes of diabetes

Interventions
Early Intervention
The early physician believes that diabetes can be
treated with exercise on the horse back a sit
prevent frequent urination. Along with it – milk
with carb diet, powder of fenugreek, lupine and
worm seed, narcotics such as opium, rancid
animal food, tobacco etc. and also animal based
insulin
Modern Intervention
The insulin treatment are prescribed on daily
basis for both type of diabetes. The treatment
include consumption of insulin analogue in more
efficient ways. Along with it non- insulin
treatment are also available which include
medication such as Metformin, sulphonylureas,
pramlinitide, Glucagon -like peptide receptor
inhibitors (Fani and et.al., 2018).

Models of public health
Health belief model (HBM)
• Perceived susceptibility
• Perceived severity
• Perceived benefits
• Perceived barriers
• Cues to action
• Self-efficacy
• General motivation

Effectiveness of intervention strategies
of diabetes
• The effectiveness of the intervention strategies of
diabetes can be determined by all embracing reviews
of the literature which demonstrate that the people
who lose significant amount of weight and have
higher level of activities in their daily routine have
lower level of Blood sugar
• There is a NHS service NEEDS :North East Essex
Diabetes Service which is supported by the several
diabetic consultant in the Colchester Hospital and give
the supervision, education. They are functional on the
virtual platform also where ever it is possible.

Conclusion
• From the given discussion, it can be concluded
that diabetes is the most prevalent disease in
England. As disease is the major concern as a
public health issues, It has been concluded that
diabetes may linked to many other diseases which
may lead to some other problem in daily life or
some may connected to serious health disease.
The above discussion also suggest that the
diabetes may lead to other health issues like
Extreme hunger, Increased thirst, Weight loss,
Frequent Urination, Blurry vision, Extreme
fatigue, poor muscles strengths, UTI

References
• (Leschenko, 2019)(Borgnakke, 2019)(Lovic and et.al., 2020)(Shah and et.al., 2019)(Fani and et.al., 2018)
(Joiner and et.al., 2022)
• Borgnakke, W.S., 2019. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Diabetes and oral health–A two-way relationship of clinical
importance. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 157, p.107839.
• Fani, N and et.al., 2018. Assessing the effect of educational intervention on promoting nutrition adherence
among patients with type 2 diabetes referee to South Health Center of Tehran University of Medical
Sciences: application of health belief model. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism, 17(1), pp.13-22.