Public Health Report: Agencies, Priorities, and Lifestyle Choices

This report delves into the multifaceted role of public health organizations, focusing on their contributions to determining health levels and disease prevalence within communities. It examines the functions of agencies like the NHS and Care UK, highlighting their approaches to providing medical and social services. The report explores the epidemiology of both infectious (e.g., swine flu) and non-infectious diseases (e.g., lung cancer), evaluating the effectiveness of various control strategies, such as vaccination and sanitation efforts. Furthermore, it identifies current priorities in healthcare provision, analyzing the relationship between illness prevalence and service requirements. The impact of lifestyle choices, such as diet and environmental factors, on future healthcare demands is also assessed, alongside an examination of health and well-being priorities and the effectiveness of related strategies, systems, and policies. The report concludes with a discussion of potential modifications to improve individual health and well-being and an evaluation of activities designed to promote health-maximizing behaviors.

ROLE OF PUBLIC HEALTH

Table of Contents
Introduction..........................................................................................................................................3
Task 1....................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Roles of various agencies in determining level of health and diseases in communities...........3
1.2 Explaining epidemiology of one infectious and non-infectious diseases..................................4
1.3 Evaluating the effectiveness of various approaches to control incidence of diseases...............5
Task 2....................................................................................................................................................6
2.1 Identifying the present priorities and approaches to provision of services for people with
illness...............................................................................................................................................6
2.2 Describing the relationship between prevalence of illness and requirements of services to
support the people............................................................................................................................6
2.3 Analysing the impact of lifestyle choices on the future requirements for heath care services. .7
Task 3....................................................................................................................................................8
3.1 Assessing the health and well-being priorities for people ........................................................8
3.2 Evaluating the effectiveness of strategies, systems and policies...............................................8
3.3 Discussing modification that could be designed to improve health and well-being of
individuals........................................................................................................................................9
3.4 Evaluating an activity that has implemented to encourage the behaviour for maximising
health of individuals.......................................................................................................................10
Conclusion..........................................................................................................................................10
References...........................................................................................................................................11

Illustration Index
Illustration 1: Cases of swine flu..........................................................................................................5
Illustration 2: Lung cancer statistics.....................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Health care organizations play an effective role in providing proper care and support to
people. In this context, these corporations adopt different types of effective strategies so as to
provide better understanding and services to their patients (Sallis, and et.al., 2012). Local Authority
in North London is health care organization which renders optimistic medical and social services to
people of United Kingdom. The present report describes various approaches which are used to
reduce the diseases level in communities with the help of health care provisions. Further, it analyses
importance of illness as well as diseases in societies. In addition to this, it also represents the factors
which are used for public welfare in the nation.
TASK 1
1.1 Roles of various agencies in determining level of health and diseases in communities
Generally, all health care agencies play important role to identify the level of health and their
diseases in the United Kingdom.
Role of National health services (NHS) in UK
It is government organization which contribute effective role in determining level of human
health and their diseases in societies. Generally, NHS provides various ranges of services to patients
in United Kingdom. Organization develops medical services for the people as per their need and
priorities to improve their health. Healthcare members of corporations work continuously to reduce
disease level by reducing their errors. This process also helps in increasing their quality of medical
services for patients in UK. Management of NHS also provides appropriate freedom to support their
social care members in order to improve their services (Principles and values that guide the NHS,
2015). They render public funds to lower income class people for reducing diseases level in the
nation. In addition to this, they also maintain confidentiality to treat their patient.
Role of Care UK organization
UK care organization mostly emphasizes on quality, effective change as well as innovation
in identifying level of health and diseases in people. Health care members of Care UK provide
better services by meeting the expectation of patients as well as giving proper services
commitments. In addition to this, management of corporation also changes their policies in regular
time intervals in order to increase level of medical services by providing effective treatment to
patients in United Kingdom. Organization also provides effective home care services to older and
physically challenged people in the nation (Our mission and values, 2015). In addition to this,
Management of care UK also renders training and also reward talented social and health care
members to increase innovative skills in order to improve their medical practices in the United
Kingdom.

1.2 Explaining epidemiology of one infectious and non-infectious diseases
Epidemiology also helps the government of UK to know about actual data of infectious and
non-infectious diseases.
Epidemiology on swine flu
(Source : Rogers and Sedghi, 2011)
As per above diagram, it shows all regions which was affected with Swine flu infection in
the year 2011. In addition to this, Government of Britain also faced many cases regarding these
diseases which are shown above the diagram in the UK (Rogers and Sedghi, 2011).
Epidemiology on Lung cancer
Illustration 1: Cases of swine flu

(Source :Lung cancer statistics, 2015)
As per above diagram, it shows data of lungs cancer of people in United Kingdom.
Minimum 44488 lung cancer patients were identified in 2012. Further, at least 35371 death of
cancer medical victims were occurred in the same year. On the other side, 5 percent of people
survived from cancer with help of medicines and Chemotherapy as per data of 2010-11 in United
Kingdom. In Addition to this, 89 percent of people prevented from lungs cancer disease due to
effective suggestions of health care members in the same year (Lung cancer statistics, 2015).
1.3 Evaluating the effectiveness of various approaches to control incidence of diseases
There is many effectiveness of various approaches and strategies to control incidence of
diseases in United Kingdom. It is described below in the paragraph.
As per case study, Local authority in north England has applied efforts in reducing the
incidence of diseases. According to Rosen, (2015), different method like vaccination plays effective
role in reducing various types of illness like malaria, swine flu as well as cancer in the nation. This
process also improves health level of communities by reducing their illnesses in United Kingdom.
In addition to this, regular distribution of medicines and vaccination also help the patients to
become healthy again in UK (Rosen, 2015). For example, Government of United Kingdom was
faced severe cases of swine flu in the year 2012. In that time, effective vaccination as well as
separation of infected patients helped another people to decrease level of this disease in the same
year. With contribution of these strategies, Local authority created huge awareness by describing
causes and symptoms of diseases in people regarding swine flu and other illness in United
Kingdom. However, these efforts could not save life of medical victims due to non -availability of
swine flu vaccine in United Kingdom. Many people died in north England due to swine flu diseases
(Sørensen and et.al., 2012).
Illustration 2: Lung cancer statistics

As per Guest and et.al (2013), these strategies and approaches of Local authority also oblige people
to maintain proper sanitation near the living area. This thing helps people to control disease in the
United Kingdom. In addition to this, social and health care members of Local authority also achieve
effective experience to treat infected patients which helps in improving the quality of their medical
practices in the United Kingdom (Guest and et.al., 2013). On the other side, health and social care
organization has to spend lot of money on medicines and vaccination of people which also affect
budget of government in United Kingdom.
TASK 2
2.1 Identifying the present priorities and approaches to provision of services for people with illness
Current priorities and approaches of medical services which are designed for the well-being
of people as per demographics and conditions of patients in United Kingdom are as follows;
Generally, government of United Kingdom has designed various priorities and medical
services laws on the basis of many factors. So, health care organization like local authority, national
health services and Care UK follow this rules and regulations in order to provide medical services
to patients in the United Kingdom (Frieden, 2013). For example, Local authority also provides top
priority to emergency and accidental cases of people. These types of rules and regulations are
important to save the life of the patient in the hospital and in any other health care organizations in
UK. In addition to this, Local authority also gives priorities to the treatment of older people. This
thing also provides huge reliability in reducing the illness of over age people in United Kingdom.
Further, Local authority corporation opens outdoor patient department which helps in checking
general patients. This approach also reduces issues in handling emergency cases in the firm. As per
law of UK, organization also provides higher priority as per the severity of illness people in nation.
For example, if any type of medical victim is suffering with swine flu disease then management of
organization will provide special priorities to reduce their illness (Del Corral and et.al., 2012). This
process also contribute effective role in reducing the level of viral infection diseases which help in
saving the life of patient in United Kingdom. In addition to this, management of Local authority
has also opened various departments like labour division in order to maintain their efficiency and
performance. This approach helps the firm to provide effective medical services for patients in the
nation (Tulchinsky and Varavikova, 2014).
2.2 Describing the relationship between prevalence of illness and requirements of services to
support the people
Relationship between prevalence of illness and requirements of services contribute effective
role to support the people in United Kingdom.
Local authority health care organization also allocates resources as per severity of diseases

in the north England which help to manage its medical operations. For example, if people suffer
with swine flu in the nation. So corporation needs higher resources to support the people in specific
area because this illness is viral disease. In addition to this, Swine flu infection spread very fast as
comparison of other in the nation. So Local authority needs very higher resources to overcome
illness in the particular area (Bauman and Nutbeam, 2013).
Management of organization has to prepare more vaccinations and medicines to reduce level
of this infections by providing appropriate services to patients in the area. In addition to this, Local
authority has to also redesign its budget to manage their medical operations in a appropriate manner
in order to decrease threat of diseases in nation. Corporation has to appoint new health and social
care professional to provide effective services for medical victims (Jain and et.al., 2012). Further,
organization has to design proper distribution policies to supply medicines and vaccines for people
which help to reduce the level of swine flu in the particular area. On the other side, if Local
authority faces with malaria diseases in the north England then management of corporation needs
lower resources as comparison of swine flu illness in specific area. So Severity of illness also affect
relationship of prevalence of disease and requirements of medical services to help the people in
United Kingdom.
2.3 Analysing the impact of lifestyle choices on the future requirements for heath care services
Local authority health care organization has to emphasize to increase future health and
social care services as per current lifestyle of United Kingdom. It is described below the paragraph.
Generally, present people of Britain focuses to eat junk food like Pizzas and burger rather
than healthy food due to shortage of time in the nation. This kind of lifestyle will increases health
related illness like stomach issues and food poisoning in United Kingdom. It also adverse impact on
the health of people. So Local authority will have to expand their future medical services in order to
control situation in country (Kickbusch and Gleicher, 2012). In addition to this, management of
Local authority will have to increase their staff in order to provide optimistic medical services to
patients in United Kingdom. For example, over dependence on machines are also increased as
comparison of previous years in country. This thing will increases human accident in UK. In order
to meet future needs, Local authority will have to give more priority on emergency services as
compare to past years. These type of efforts will also contribute effective role for organization to
complete future requirements of people in the United Kingdom. In addition to this, increasing
pollution also affect future requirements for health care services (Friis and Sellers, 2014). It also
increases the various diseases in the country. To overcome these type of impact, organization will
have to increase its facilities in order to provide effective medical services for patients.

TASK 3
3.1 Assessing the health and well-being priorities for people
Management of firm is designed many health and well-being priorities to give effective
medical services to people in United Kingdom.
Priorities
 Managing obesity- Local authority health care organization can give priority to reduce
obesity of adults, children as well as old people in the country. There are many people in
United Kingdom who deals with same issues. For example, In Hertfordshire, approximate
200000 people (21 percent young people) faces obesity problem in UK. Obesity plays
important role to increase various type of disease like heart attack, cancer as well diabetes in
the people (Health and Well-being of people in Hertfordshire, 2015). Local authority can
take effective steps to reduce this issue in United Kingdom. In addition to this, organization
can create effective awareness in people to reduce obesity of them with the help of physical
exercise.
 Reducing Smoking- Smoking has severe impacts which can create various illness like lungs
cancer, heart diseases as well as COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).
Management of Local authority can give higher priority to reduce smoking habits of people
in the nation. For example, 20 percent young people smoke cigarettes and other things in
Hertfordshire area. So Local authority can give effective efforts to reduce addiction of
smoking in the nation. Further, organization can provide anti smoking medicines to reduce
habits of smoking of people in United Kingdom (Levy, Boyle and Abrams, 2012). In
addition to this, corporation can also start anti smoking campaign to overcome with this
issue.
 Plantation- Local authority can provide top priorities to increase plantation of trees in
United Kingdom. This strategy can contribute effective role for organization to improve
health level of people in nation (Poortinga, 2012). For example, plantation can help the
environment clean which reduce health related diseases of individuals in the nation. This
way, citizens can reduce many illness like heart and lungs related diseases with help of
plantation of trees in the United Kingdom.
3.2 Evaluating the effectiveness of strategies, systems and policies
Local authority also gets some benefits from these strategies and policies in the United
Kingdom. It represented below the paragraph.
According to Hollnad (2015), Management of obesity strategy also leaves positive impact

on people of UK in order to reduce their issue. Some of people follows steps which are
demonstrated by Local authority in the nation. In addition to this, obesity level in individuals are
reduced as comparison of previous years (Holland, 2015). However, there are many people who do
not give concentration regarding their health care activities which creates many health related issues
in them.
As per Minkler (2012), Local authority also reduces the level of smoking which is generated
positive impact on individuals. In addition to this, many people provides support to organization to
decrease level of smoking by creating more awareness in public and social programmes in the
United Kingdom (Minkler, 2012). On the other side, there are people who is against of these
policies due to bad habits of smoking in the nation.
Rice and Atkin,(2012), Local authority health care organization gives more focus to increase
the plantation which creates positive effect on people. Many individuals are associated with these
strategies to increase frequency of trees in order to reduce disease level and maintain the climate in
United Kingdom. In addition to this, percentage of plantation is increased as compare to past years
in country (Rice and Atkin, 2012). However, there are manufacturing organizations which creates
noise and air pollution which is generated bad impact on the people. This thing increases the
diseases level in individuals in nation.
3.3 Discussing modification that could be designed to improve health and well-being of individuals
There could be many changes occurred to improve health and well-being of individuals.
Local authority could be also requested to government to take initiative to reduce the obesity of
people through social camps. It could help organization to promote health and social care
programmes which could generate more positive benefits to improve health level of individuals in
United Kingdom. In addition to this, Local authorities could encourage sporting activities which
also could help to decrease level of obesity in people within the nation (Hootman, Helmick. and
Brady, 2012). In addition to this, Local authorities could promote anti smoking campaign in a
appropriate manner due to some management issues. Generally medicines of anti smoking could be
more effective which did not help the many people to leave habits of smoking in United Kingdom.
Further, local authority and government also could more focus to increase plantation of trees in the
nation. Generally, Authorities of UK have made many rules regarding safety of climate. On the
other side, Many organizations do not follow these rules and regulations due to lack of monitoring
activities of environment care corporations in United Kingdom. This thing also created negative
impact on the climate (Tulchinsky and Varavikova, 2014). These some changes could improve
health and well-being of people in appropriate manner.

3.4 Evaluating an activity that has implemented to encourage the behaviour for maximising health
of individuals
Management of Local authority should organize free of cost medical check up camp for its
patients at various locations of United Kingdom. This activity can also help the medical victims to
increase health level by identifying their illness in the nation. It can provide effective aid to reduce
impact of diseases in medical victims. Further, it can also help the people to get various type of
knowledge regarding illness in the camp. However, due to heavy crowd of people, medical
professional can not check its medical victims in a appropriate manner. This issues can increases
issues for patients in respect of disease in the nation (Frieden, 2013). According to Corral and et.al
(2012), it can provide free medical check up and medicines which can help the lower income class
people to improve their heath by treating them well in the nation. With help of this medical camp,
Local authority can provide quality service to its patients in order to reduce various level of diseases
in the country (Del Corral and et.al., 2012). On the other side, organization can not invite effective
medical professionals due to shortage of monetary funds which creates higher complexities to check
severe patients in the medical camp. Due to these reasons, many times patient can be died which
can create issue for management of Local authority (Rosen,2015).
CONCLUSION
From the report, it is found that epidemiology of infections and non-infectious diseases
contribute effective role towards Local authority in order to make effective strategies in reducing
illness of patients in United Kingdom. Relationship between prevalence of diseases and
requirements of medical services also help the organization to provide effective cure for patients in
the nation. Further, current life style of people also oblige the Local authority to improve its medical
facilities in order to meet future requirements of medical victims in United Kingdom. In addition to
this, heath care priorities like obesity, smoking and plantation also help the people to improve health
of people by reducing impact of various diseases like lungs-cancer in the country. It can be
concluded that free check up medical camp contribute effectively to maximise health care level of
individuals in the United Kingdom.

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