Analysis of Public Health Priorities, Services, and Lifestyle Impact

This report provides a comprehensive overview of the role of public health, encompassing disease prevention, health services, and the impact of lifestyle choices. It begins with an introduction to public health principles and then delves into key topics such as current priorities for disease and illness services, the relationship between disease prevalence and service requirements, and the impact of lifestyle choices on future health and social care needs. The report further assesses health and well-being priorities in health and social care settings, evaluates the effectiveness of strategies and policies, and discusses improvements for well-being and health. It concludes with an analysis of activities to promote behavior change for maximizing individual health within healthcare settings. The report also covers specific diseases like HIV and obesity and their prevention strategies, as well as the role of government programs and initiatives in improving public health outcomes.

The ROLE OF PUBLIC
HEALTH

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
Covered in poster........................................................................................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................1
2.1. Determine the current priorities and approaches to provision of services for people with
disease or illness..........................................................................................................................1
2.2 Explain the relationship between the prevalence of disease and requirements of services to
support individuals within the health and social care service provision,....................................3
2.3 Analyse the impact of current lifestyle choices on future needs for health and social care
services........................................................................................................................................3
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................4
3.1 Assess the health and well being priorities for person in a particular health or social care
settings.........................................................................................................................................4
3.2 Evaluate the effectiveness of strategies, system and policies in a health and social care.....5
3.3 Discuss the changes which can be made to improve the well-being and health of people in
health and social care setting.......................................................................................................6
3.4 Evaluate the activity which can be implemented to boost the change in behaviour for
maximising the health for individual in health care setting........................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Public health is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organisation, public and private, communities
and individuals (Jones, Greenberg and Crowley, 2015). This work is achieved by promoting healthy diseases, lifestyles, prevention of injury as well as detecting, preventing and responding to infectious diseases. This
present report will raise the awareness of factors which are influencing the health of public as well as several approaches in order to reduce the incidence of disease and illness in society. This report will make
understand the various approaches and strategies which are used to measure, monitor and control the incidence of diseases in the society. In addition to this, factors that are influencing health and well being of
individual in health and social care settings.
1

TASK 1
Covered in poster
2

3
ROLE OF PUBLIC HEALTH (TASK 1)
1.1. The roles of different agencies in identifying levels of health and disease in communities
There are many healthcare organisations that provide services to people in United Kingdom as well as all over the world. There are three famous healthcare organisations in United Kingdom are World Health Organisation (WHO), National Health
Service (NHS) and General Medical Council (GMS). The main propose of these healthcare organisations is to deliver services of health care to the people. The objectives, vision and mission of these organisations are different but they have similar goal.
World Health Organisation is one of the biggest healthcare organisation in the world but it does not provide health services directly to the people. They used to tie up with other private organisations of healthcare which are operating for the same
purpose. WHO serve the organisation of healthcare on the basis of country? WHO provide services to the healthcare systems which are at the stage of development or the organisation which are performing well in healthcare sector. At the time of
natural disaster and calamities WHO stay very active or attentive towards the people health.
National Healthcare Service (NHS) is also one of the biggest organisation which are providing free of cost health services to people living in United Kingdom. They provide effective and quality of services to people who are suffering from
disease or illness.
REFERENCES
Hills, A.P., Dengel, D.R. and Lubans, D.R., 2015. Supporting public health
priorities: recommendations for physical education and physical activity
promotion in schools. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 57(4), pp.368-
374.
Bekemeier, B and et.al., 2015. Updating the definition and role of public health
nursing to advance and guide the specialty. Public Health Nursing, 32(1),
pp.50-57.
1.2. By using statically data, the epidemiology of one infectious and one non-infectious disease that is widespread in their own country.
The pattern, distribution as well as incidence of disease in the society are known as epidemiology. All the disease that is existed in the environment is dealt by
epidemiology.
Infectious disease are the most dangerous disease as it is communicable or transfer from one person to another or any infectious against while non-
infectious disease are non-communicable and it is caused by mutation which are inherited from ancestors or parents. For example EBOLA, SARS, H1N1,
HIV, MALARIA and HBV.
Infectious Disease Food borne diseases are caused by contaminated food products. So many microbes and bacteria are present in the food product and it is
intake by the individual.
Here is the tabular presentation of number of people suffered from FBD.
Situation Country Estimated people affected from the disease
Primary deficiency of immune UK 4000
Rheumatoid arthritis UK 20000 new cases every year
Chronic disease UK 60000-85000
Obesity is Non-Infectious disease and it’s caused by too much fat in the body. 65%adult in UK are suffering from Obesity. Diabetes and making the bones
weak are also caused by the Obesity. Obesity is causes by imbalanced diet, genetic effects, consumption of drugs etc. It can be prevented by eating healthy
diet and do exercise daily.
1.3. Evaluate the effectiveness of different approaches and strategies to
control the incidence of disease in society.
There are many approaches and strategies which are used to control the disease
in the society are as follows-
Education and Social Welfare Campaigns- This is one the best
approach which can be used for spreading of diseases in the community.
Educated person knows the cause and symptoms of diseases very well. Social
welfare campaigns are also organized in order to educate people in the society
and providing the free medicine and treatment.
Surveillance- It means the observation of environment. Disease
surveillance refers to keep observing the surroundings that give a prior notice
of effects of the upcoming diseases. It acts as an instrument to examine and
interpret different health programs for the population.

The ROLE OF PUBLIC
HEALTH
4

TABLE OF CONTENT
SUMMARY...........................
LIST OF ABBREVIATION....................................
INTRODUCTION.............................
MAIN BODY..............................
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.....................
REFERENCES.........…...............
5

Summary
Prevention is very necessary for each and every individual for better heath. There are
some chronic diseases which need to be prevented as a priority because these diseases are very
dangerous for the health. Some example of chronic diseases are obesity, cancer, diabetes,
Asthma, Arthritis etc. It is very essential to find the priority in the illness or disease in order to
take preventive measures or actions on right time. There are some steps of prevention which
need to be followed which are primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Prevalence of disease
refers to the proportion of total population which are affected or influenced by the particular
disease. It provides the complete information about the total number of people suffering form the
disease or illness from the total number of person who are examined.
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
 HIV- Human Immunodeficiency virus.
 UK- United Kingdom
 CHAPS – Clearing House Automated Payment System.
 NAHIP- National African HIV Prevention Programme
INTRODUCTION
Public health is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting
human health through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organisation, public and
private, communities and individuals. This work is achieved by promoting healthy diseases,
lifestyles, prevention of injury as well as detecting, preventing and responding to infectious
diseases. This present report will raise the awareness of factors which are influencing the health
of public as well as several approaches in order to reduce the incidence of disease and illness in
society. This report will make understand the various approaches and strategies which are used
to measure, monitor and control the incidence of diseases in the society. In addition to this,
factors that are influencing health and well being of individual in health and social care settings.
MAIN BODY
2.1. Determine the current priorities and approaches to provision of services for people with
disease or illness.
Prevention is very necessary for each and every individual for better heath. There are
some chronic diseases which need to be prevented as a priority because these diseases are very
dangerous for the health. Some example of chronic diseases are obesity, cancer, diabetes,
Asthma, Arthritis etc. It is very essential to find the priority in the illness or disease in order to
take preventive measures or actions on right time (Yanek and et.al., 2016). By taking preventive
measure on right time, the spreading of diseases can be prevented. There are many diseases
which are affecting the health of people in very bad manner. HIV Aids is one the disease that
have serious effects on the population of world as well as there are many people in North
London which are suffering from this disease. The full form of HIV is human immunodeficiency
virus. It is the virus that spread through certain fluids of body that attacks the entire immune
system of body. With the passage of time it destroys the entire body cell. By damaging the
immune system it makes it harder and harder for the body to fight off infectious and some other
diseases. There are some steps of prevention which need to be followed-
7

Primary Prevention- It refers to the foremost measures of prevention which have been
used to prevent the people or population from spreading of disease by providing education or
knowledge of disease and causes. There are no rules for preventing HIV aids it is just only
having the knowledge of the disease and its causes. It is very important that people know about
this infection as it damage the entire system of body and steal the life of person. The
government of United Kingdom has made and presenting putting their efforts in concern with the
prevention of HIV (Mead and et.al., 2015). They have started some programmes to make the
people aware of the diseases. They have started two programmes which have been introduced
are-
NAHIP- This is also one of the best programme organized by UK government. This program is
mainly organised for the community of Africans living in the country. This program focused on
providing knowledge and education to the people living in societies of England. They also focus
on wearing condoms.
CHAPS- This is the program which is organised by the government of United Kingdom in order
to prevent HIV aids. This is program which is mainly for the meme to men sex. In order to make
the people aware and as well as provide knowledge and education about how to prevent HIV
during intercourse.
Secondary Prevention- It refers to the detecting as well as screening of the
microorganism which are acting as the carrier for the particular disease. Secondary prevention is
also very essential for better health of public. In United Kingdom, WHO and NHS has started
various programmes and campaigns for testing of blood. For pregnant women NHS has
organised a program of testing their blood and if it is positive than proper treatment is given to
the woman so that it cannot be transmitted to there child. HIV is one of the disease which cannot
be cured but the treatment is available for living a healthy life (Dean, Sullivan and Soe, 2014).
Tertiary Prevention- It refers to caring of the person or patient who are suffering from
the chronic disease. It is the last step of prevention. The care of palliative is provided to the
patients in this step. Palliative care refers to the care which is medical dose along with emotional
care to patients and family in order to improve the standard and quality of life. In Unite
Kingdom, for the patients of HIV and cancer, NHS has put their attempts to improve the quality
of life of patients. They have invested their fund on training of palliative care centre so that better
services can be provided to the patients.
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2.2 Explain the relationship between the prevalence of disease and requirements of services to
support individuals within the health and social care service provision.
Prevalence of disease refers to the proportion of total population which are affected or
influenced by the particular disease. It provides the complete information about the total number
of people suffering form the disease or illness from the total number of person who are
examined. With the help of the information it provides ideas to formulate a plan about the
services which are required to be delivered regarding the issues. In order to identify the needs of
health it is very important to determine the prevalence rates (Eaton and et.al., 2015).
This also helps to formulate the programs which can be implemented for preventing
disease which are spreading in the communities. There are some other epidemiological
instruments which furnish information the illness or diseases that assist in taking measured as per
the requirements. For example- when the information about the cause of disease, data about the
disease, then healthcare individual will target the area where the diseases are growing very fast.
These informations not only assist in planning of programmes but it also assists in identifying the
actual needs and requirements of delivering education to the people to prevent the spreading of
diseases in the society. In addition to this, it is very important that prior knowledge of the
symptoms or causes of illness or disease should be their in healthcare so that resources are
allocated accordingly (Perron and et.al., 2015). This is because it provides the thoughts to
prioritize the resources as well as work. The population is also easily targeted with higher risk by
studying the information related to the disease cause and effect.
2.3 Analyse the impact of current lifestyle choices on future needs for health and social care
services.
There are many factors that have great impact on the health of the person such as eating
habits, intake of substances, world culture, exercise etc. All the above factors somehow become
the reason for illness of the person. There are ample of health issues that might be occur due to
bad habits of consuming unhealthy items such as drugs, cigarette, alcohol and any other
dangerous substances. In United Kingdom there are two main health issues which are found to
be serious as well as chronic are intake of drugs and obesity. The major population of United
Kingdom have affected with these two diseases (Wherry, Kenney and Sommers, 2016).
Obesity- This is one of the serious issue or illness which have now spreading at very fast
speed. It is because of unhealthy and wrong habits of eating which in turn resulting in
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accumulation of fat in the body. It is identified from the record of health that 9% of premature
death will be control if individual maintain their weight. The survey has conducted in UK
identified that the obsessed person are increasing day by day which is a very serious problem.
Here are reason of increasing the obsessed patients which are follows-
Poor Diet- This is the main reason of causing obesity. The entire population of UK has
very bad habits of eating as well as very addicted to the junk foods which results in increasing of
calories (Frumkin, 2016).
Lack of exercise- This is another reason of causing obesity because in today's era people
have no time for exercise which results in gaining of fat day by day.
Some other health issues spreading in United Kingdom are smoking, work culture, sexual
health etc.
Smoking- In England this is another reason for premature death. Because of this bad
habit of smoking, about 80000 people died in every year. It is very essential that social health
clubs must be formulated in the society to minimize the number of smokers, government should
also organize programmes for leaving this bad habits because it is not only spoiling their life but
it is also spoiling the environment (Williams and et.al., 2015).
Work Culture- The working culture of UK is very flexible which is raising various
diseases. People have now running for money and become so much work-oriented. Regular
working on computers, excessive use of mobile phones.
These are the above reasons that advised that social health firms required to pace up there
activities in near future. Because of increasing the issues in health they need to take steps. The
main target of healthcare organisation of UK is to achieve control in smoking and obesity.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The above discussion stated the relationship between the prevalence of disease and
requirements of services to support individuals within the health and social care service
provision and it also Analyses the impact of current lifestyle choices on future needs for health
and social care services.
Recommendations
 People should intake healthy diet.
 They should do exercise daily.
 People should leave the bad habits such as smoking, alcohol.
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 Government should organise programs to promote a good health to public.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals:
Dean, A.G., Sullivan, K.M. and Soe, M.M., 2014. OpenEpi: Open source epidemiologic statistics
for public health, version.
Eaton, L.A., Driffin, D.D., Kegler, C., Smith, H., Conway-Washington, C., White, D. and
Cherry, C., 2015. The role of stigma and medical mistrust in the routine health care
engagement of black men who have sex with men. American journal of public
health, 105(2), pp.e75-e82.
Frumkin, H., 2016. Urban sprawl and public health. Public health reports.
Mead, E.L and et.al., 2015. The role of theory-driven graphic warning labels in motivation to
quit: a qualitative study on perceptions from low-income, urban smokers. BMC Public
Health, 15(1), p.92.
Perron, G.G., Inglis, R.F., Pennings, P.S. and Cobey, S., 2015. Fighting microbial drug
resistance: a primer on the role of evolutionary biology in public health. Evolutionary
applications, 8(3), pp.211-222.
Williams, E.P and et.al., 2015. Overweight and obesity: prevalence, consequences, and causes of
a growing public health problem. Current obesity reports, 4(3), pp.363-370.
Yanek, L.R and et.al., 2016. Project Joy: faith based cardiovascular health promotion for African
American women. Public health reports.
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
13

TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT …...................................................
INTRODUCTION......................................................
METHODS....................................................
RESULTS........................................
DISCUSSIONS.................................................
CONCLUSION...........................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..............................
REFERENCES....................
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ABSTRACT
Public health is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human
health through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organisation, public and
private, communities and individuals. There are some conditions where a person feel
comfortable and happy within the surrounding is called as well-being. When person is happy,
satisfied and healthy with the life or environment is in the state of well-being. Factors that
influence the well-being as well as health of people are social, mental or physical factors. The
health care settings which are located in UK always come-up with new strategies, system and
policies in order to fight with the existing disease in the society.
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INTRODUCTION
Public health is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting
human health through organized efforts. This report will make understand the various
approaches and strategies which are used to measure, monitor and control the incidence of
diseases in the society. In addition to this, factors that are influencing health and well being of
individual in health and social care settings.
METHODS
3.1 Assess the health and well being priorities for person in a particular health or social care
settings.
There are some conditions where a person feel comfortable and happy within the
surrounding is called as well-being. When person is happy, satisfied and healthy with the life or
environment is in the state of well-being. Well-being of people can be divided into social,
economical, physical etc. Well-being of people is directly related to the health. There are
different diseases from which people are suffering (Laposky, Van Cauter and Diez-Roux, 2016).
According to the diseases, the priority are set.
Here are some factors that influence the well-being as well as health of people are as
follows-
Social Health- This factor also affects the well-being of the people as there are many
issues which are generated from the environment which are bad social environment. A person
called social healthy when he/she feels safe in the environment surrounding as well as healthy
person (Watts and et.al., 2015).
Physical Health- It is the type of health which refers to the function of the body. If the
body of person is functioning in better conditions than he/she is a physically healthy person. If
an individual desire to stay fit than he/she will have to do exercise, morning walk daily and eat
healthy food.
Mental Health- This is another most important factor that affects the well-being of the
person. If a person or individual is sound than he/she is in the state of mentally fir person. People
suffering from stress or any mental disease than he/she will be ill.
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RESULTS
3.2 Evaluate the effectiveness of strategies, system and policies in a health and social care.
It is fact that United Kingdom has made many policies, strategies and system in health
and social care of the public. UK has appreciated by the commonwealth for there incredible
investment in improving the health of public (Steele and et.al., 2016). The health care settings
which are located in UK always come-up with new strategies, system and policies in order to
fight with the existing disease in the society. CHAPS and NAHIP are the programmes which
proved there excellence in the societies of the country by encouraging people to take education
for having safe sex.
Social Care Service and Information- These are the services which are furnished by the
social heal care system. All the information, problems regarding the health issues are dealt with
these departments such as financial supports, machines and tools as well as health care at home.
Policies of Care UK- This is also one of the organisation which provides effective
services to the patients. They work as per the laws and legislations which are passed by
government of UK regarding health and safety. They have started a policy which is called as
complain policy which provided the rights to patients as well as staff to make complain if they
are facing any trouble or they are unsatisfied (Hills, Dengel and Lubans, 2015). The action taken
in this policy is also very fast and they also find the reason behind the issues.
Provisions of Quality Services- This is the provision which are related to the quality of
services. Healthcare providers used to check for the quality of services that are delivering to the
patients. In order to check the effectiveness of the services there are some acts such as Equality
Act, Data Protection Act and Complain Procedure Act etc. These are act which are safe the
interest of people living in UK related to healthcare (Victora and et.al., 2016). It has been found
that local organisations of healthcare in UK are performing very efficiently in promoting the
healthy life in the society.
DISCUSSION
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3.3 Discuss the changes which can be made to improve the well-being and health of people in
health and social care setting.
Changes are very necessary in all organisation and especially in health and social care
settings. In UK, healthcare setting are performing very effectively but still it needs some
improvements. As per the demand changes should be made. It is fact that strategies and plans
which are formulated for adults are suitable for child as well. Thus, it is very essential that it
should be modified according to the needs and demands. The strategies should be like educating
the parents so that their children's could not affect. Parents should know how to prevent the
diseases so that it will become easy to treat there child form infection (Swift and et.al., 2014). In
case of adults, it is very essential to keep in mind that promotion about the preventions must be
done by the similar age group because adults are highly influenced by the pressure of peers.
Here are some changes which can be made in United Kingdom healthcare setting are as follows-
Each and every care homes in UK should have compliant policy as discussed in the case
of Care UK. So that when patient feel unsatisfied file complain. It is very fruitful policy for both
patients and organisations.
There should be motivational things in healthcare setting so that patients feel happy and
relax such as involvement of family in treatment.
3.4 Evaluate the activity which can be implemented to boost the change in behaviour for
maximising the health for individual in health care setting.
Change in behaviour of person can only be done by building the good habit in there
lifestyle. The best activity that boost the health of patients in positive way is physical exercise
that keep the person fit and fine. As discussed the above, obesity is highly increasing in UK with
a high speed, thus it is very important that physical exercise should be inculcate in there lifestyle.
In order to control obesity, physical exercise is the best way. In addition to this, it is also
important that social healthcare system must organize and start healthcare clubs where people
come and do exercise (Jones, Greenberg and Crowley, 2015). They should create sports events
within in 3 months which is also very beneficial for the health of people.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am vert thankful to my peers, subordinates and all my other seniors for guiding me. I
also thankful to my collogues and my mentors for helping me to complete my task work. I am
also very grateful to all of professors and lecturers for providing me the notes and modules.
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CONCLUSION
The above report concluded that it is very important to promote a good public health in
the world. It is the art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through
organized efforts and informed choices of society, organisation, public and private, communities
and individuals. This report also include Implications of illness and disease in the community. In
addition to this, factors Influencing the health and well-being of individuals in care settings was
also concluded in this assessment.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals:
Berkman, L.F., Kawachi, I. and Glymour, M.M. eds., 2014. Social epidemiology. Oxford
University Press.
Hills, A.P., Dengel, D.R. and Lubans, D.R., 2015. Supporting public health priorities:
recommendations for physical education and physical activity promotion in
schools. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 57(4), pp.368-374.
Jones, D.E., Greenberg, M. and Crowley, M., 2015. Early social-emotional functioning and
public health: The relationship between kindergarten social competence and future
wellness. American journal of public health, 105(11), pp.2283-2290.
Laposky, A.D., Van Cauter, E. and Diez-Roux, A.V., 2016. Reducing health disparities: the role
of sleep deficiency and sleep disorders. Sleep medicine, 18, pp.3-6.
Steele, S.L., Gilmore, A.B., McKee, M. and Stuckler, D., 2016. The role of public law-based
litigation in tobacco companies’ strategies in high-income, FCTC ratifying countries,
2004–14. Journal of public health, 38(3), pp.516-521.
Swift, D.L and et.al.,, 2014. The role of exercise and physical activity in weight loss and
maintenance. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 56(4), pp.441-447.
Victora, C.G and et.al., 2016. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and
lifelong effect. The Lancet, 387(10017), pp.475-490.
Watts, N., Adger, W.N., Agnolucci, P., Blackstock, J., Byass, P., Cai, W., Chaytor, S., Colbourn,
T., Collins, M., Cooper, A. and Cox, P.M., 2015. Health and climate change: policy
responses to protect public health. The Lancet, 386(10006), pp.1861-1914.
Wherry, L.R., Kenney, G.M. and Sommers, B.D., 2016. The role of public health insurance in
reducing child poverty. Academic pediatrics, 16(3), pp.S98-S104.
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