Analysis of Public Health Intervention for Obesity in England

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of a public health intervention targeting obesity in England. It begins with an executive summary and an introduction to the issue. The report then delves into four key cultural practices in England that either support or hinder the intervention, such as food habits, lack of nutritional knowledge, and the supersize culture. It further explores qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods, including the use of questionnaires, to assess the intervention's effectiveness. The report also examines ethical considerations, potential benefits to global health, and accountability measures for providers. Finally, it discusses how the intervention's efficiency and effectiveness will be determined, concluding with a summary of the findings and a list of references. The intervention focuses on government guidelines for fast food manufacturers to limit calorie content and promote healthier eating habits, with an emphasis on addressing the causes and effects of obesity within the English population.

Public Health

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Present document has presented the capability of the interventions within the particular
subject and i.e. obesity. Basically, there are food and eating habits, lack of nutrients knowledge,
promote healthy eating, supersize culture and more are said to be some of the crucial cultural
practices within the England, which basically aid in focusing upon all the global health issues.
These has also helped in enhancing or raising the standardisation for individuals in regards to the
healthcare. On the other side, it can also be said that an investigator could utilise both
quantitative along with the qualitative approaches in order to improve the overall interventions in
specified time frame. Basically, these approaches would aid in improving the benefits and hitting
the targets of developing the interventions for a particular subject.
If it is talked about effectiveness and efficiency of the intervention, then it could be
considered as one of the most crucial approach, which is required to be followed by a developer
at the time of delivering an intervention in regards to obesity, Away with this, basically
developing an intervention and in order to spread it at global level, there are a range of tools that
can be utilised to spread awareness in regards to the benefits that they majorly carries. This
would help in improving the overall performance level of the intervention and reduce all the
chances of increasing obesity in all over the world.
1

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................4
1. Identify and critically discuss four cultural practices in England that could be a help and a
hindrance to the intervention..................................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7
2. Explain how a qualitative and quantitative evaluation could be carried out for this
intervention.............................................................................................................................7
.............................................................................................................................................12
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................13
3. Evaluate the ethical consideration that could arise from the delivery of this intervention.
Outline 2 ways the intervention could be of benefit to global health and 2 ways the providers
could be held accountable ?..................................................................................................13
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................15
4. Discuss how the effectiveness and efficiency of the intervention will be determined. ...15
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................17
2

INTRODUCTION
Public health is considered as the art and science of curing or preventing disease so that
human beings can live longer on the earth. Medical industry mainly focuses on finding out
different measures with the help of which safety of communal health can be improved in positive
manner. The main measures of public health includes formulation of policies, educations and
research by which injury can be prevented in effective manner (Rosen, 2015). The present report
is based on the public health intervention within England. The main health issue chosen for
present report is obesity in England. The main intervention which could be used government of
UK in order to overcome Obesity issue is that the government should finalise certain standards
for the fast food manufacturer that they will not produce fast food up to certain level of calories.
The report will include discussion on different cultural practices in England which supports and
hinders the chosen intervention. Further, it reflects that quantitative and qualitative evaluation
which could help out in carrying out effective intervention. Along with this, it also evaluates
ethical consideration that could arise from the delivery of this intervention. It also includes two
different ways that helps in providing benefits to global health and 2 different ways that are
accountable for the providers. At last, it covers discussion on effectiveness and efficiency of the
intervention that will be determined in effective manner.
TASK 1
1. Identify and critically discuss four cultural practices in England that could be a help and a
hindrance to the intervention
The current intervention which has been taken by government of England is that they
clearly gives specific guidelines to fast food manufacturer to not produce fast food items by
crossing certain limit. It has been analysed that there are certain specific cultural practices that
clearly promotes these interventions and also works negatively as for these intervention too. It
has been analysed that basic culture of England support fast food eating habits. These habits
ultimately impacts negatively on the health of individual who consumes lots of these junk items.
As a result, they becomes victim of obesity. On the other hand, it has been later analysed that
these eating habits of individual places negative impact over the health of individuals which
ultimately impacts over their overall lifespan (Baum, 2016). In addition to this, it can be further
said that culture plays an essential role in the growth of every nation as it supports individuals in
3

living better life style. Along with this, it also contributes in providing better lifestyle to people
of England as they get better lifestyle to live a better lifestyle.
Food and eating habits: Modern day cultural practice of England includes food and
eating habits of people of United Kingdom. This means that people of this city are habitual of
using these fast food as it gives them higher level of satisfaction and taste experience. It has been
that the people of this nation gives priority to the fast food as it is easily available to them at low
cost. Along with this, they also feels that taste of these food item is good enough to satisfy them
at highest level. The culture of It has been identified that the chosen intervention works negative
for this cultural practice because, this food eating habits places negative impact over the efforts
of government because, when these manufactures will produce healthy food that it would not be
possible for them to develop products along with the taste (Gostin and Wiley, 2016). In addition
to this, it can also be said that there are numerous of people who will directly avoid eating food
produced by these manufacturers because recently developed products are not of good taste. As a
result, there are probable chances that business manufacturers of fast food industry will face
trouble in terms of sales performance as number of their customers reduces day by day. While
understanding positive influence of this practice, it has been analysed that there are numerous of
businesses which get positive influence of customers as they gives more preference to the those
companies who concerns about their health.
Lack of nutrients knowledge: This is consider to be a main reason behind increase in
the obesity of people within England and as people don't have much knowledge regarding the
things that they must consumer and up-to what quantity in order to remain healthier. The main
reason behind this is culture of that particular region where people are more foodie and have an
unmanaged dietary habit. Hence, it is very essential for an individual to have thorough
knowledge regarding the quantity of calorie or fat there are gaining over each diet for having an
understanding regarding up-to what extend they must cut up the ingredients. This help them in
reducing the issues that are arising due to obesity.
For reducing the quantity of obesity among the people of England the government has
taken several actions and also set up some standard that food manufacturer must followed in
order to offer healthier food to people. In these standard the quantity of calorie has been fixed by
government that are essential for a person to intake (Brownson and et. al., 2017). In addition to
this the rule has also been passed that it is essential to mention the ingredients that are mixed
4

within particular food along with nutrient label so that people can identify them and purchase
according to their health condition. But despite of all this lack of knowledge among food
manufacturers may also become a major issue for the people as they may not prepare food
accordingly which creates more chances of obesity.
Promote healthy eating: The rate of obesity has gone up in fast few years due to
introduction of unhealthy junk foods. This has attracted many young people to consume it. By
looking at this problem, UK government has started conducting awareness programs together
with free yoga classes in order to cultivate the habit of being fit and healthy. It is a good and
effective initiative taken by the government as obesity is a serious issue which needs a
permanent solution. This will help in motivating people to incorporate healthy habits which will
further reduce their weight and make them have weight proportionate to their height and weight
(World Health Organization, 2016). This will mitigate cardio-vascular problems which is a major
cause of death at early age. Also, there will be a control on cholesterol level which is a hub to
many other diseases. On the other hand, it has been identify that there are numerous of people
who gives effective support to government as they thinks it supports them in living a better
lifestyle.
Supersize culture: Culture is considered as major factor in making people obese during
their lifetime. Individual are consuming fast food because it is easily affordable by them but it
has low contents of nutrients but high in fats, refined sugar and calories which contributes in
making people obese during their life time for long term. As per traditional concept culture give
more value to heavy weight over less weight. The trend of super or over size culture emerged
because of traditional thinking of society as people think that oversized people are more healthy.
The intervention of obesity is prioritize individual-level risk behaviours. Moreover, individuals
are considered responsible parties to make rational, informed choices required to change their
diet and activity patterns. To overcome this problem government plays very crucial role in
England. Here the government can set or fix standards for fat content (World Health
Organization, 2015). Also, influences restaurants and fast food chain to produce and prepare
food products that contains more of healthy content as compared to refined sugar and fats. The
super size culture is initiated as fast food restaurants are located near by where it is difficult to
obtain healthy food. Now-a-days restaurants and hotel majorly focus on increasing more of
healthy content which can be salads, green vegetables, lentils, soups and many more.
5

The cultural is essential in shaping beliefs and practices which relates to food and eating
pattern along with perceptions and attitude of people about weight and health. The government
can adopt culture- centred approach for studying determinants of obesity which emphasis on
promoting healthy eating habits among people of England. It can also be said that family has
important role to enable and nurture healthy eating habits. Further, to reduce obesity community
can be engaged which will help in developing and transmission of programmes related to
hypertension and obesity (Kolodny and et. al., 2015). Their is negative impact on health of
people consuming fast food as they are not aware about the fact that this leads to many diseases
like hypertension and cancer. Super size culture can lay positive impact on economy as this
shows that country or economy is well established and developed and people & country both are
healthy in terms of health and money both and are free from diseases.
TASK 2
2. Explain how a qualitative and quantitative evaluation could be carried out for this intervention.
Qualitative and quantitative both are essential research which will help heath and social care to
carry out health (Obesity) intervention in England. Qualitative research is essential which will
help an investigator by providing quality data whereas quantitative research is also essential for
an investigator by giving information in percentage and hard facts. For this, questionnaire will
be prepared for people who have to faced obesity.
Quantitative evaluation: For quantitative evaluation, 40 respondents have been chosen with the
use of probability sampling.
Questionnaire
Question 1: Are you aware with the concept of public intervention?
a)Yes
b)No
Question 2: Does public intervention of obesity benefits health and safety of people?
a)Yes
b) May be
c) No
Question 3: Standards of obesity public intervention on food producing companies of UK must
be related with:
6

a) Food manufacturing
b) Food processing
c) Food packaging
d) All of the above
Question 4: Does this public intervention will impact on profitability of food producing
companies of UK?
a) Yes
b) No
Question 1: Are you aware with the concept of public intervention? Frequency
 Yes 30.00%
 No 10.00%
Question 2: Does public intervention of obesity benefits health and safety
of people?
Frequency
a. Yes 30.00%
b. May be 8.00%
c. No 2.00%
Question 3: Standards of obesity public intervention on food producing
companies of UK must be related with:
Frequency
a. Food manufacturing 10.00%
b. Food processing 10.00%
c. Food packaging 10.00%
d. All of the above 10.00%
Question 4: Does this public intervention will impact on profitability of
food producing companies of UK?
Frequency
a. Yes 30.00%
b. No 10.00%
Theme 1: Awareness with the concept of public intervention among people leave in London
Question 1: Are you aware with the concept of public intervention? Frequency
7

 Yes 30.00%
 No 10.00%
30
10
Yes
No
Interpretation: From the above mentioned information, it has been concluded Awareness with
the concept of public intervention among people leave in London . For this, 30% out of 401%
respondents have knowledge about the concept of public intervention. On the other side,
remaining 10% respondents don't have any knowledge about the same.
Theme 2: Public intervention of obesity benefits health and safety of people
Question 2: Does public intervention of obesity benefits health and safety
of people?
Frequency
d. Yes 30
e. May be 8
f. No 2
8

30
82
Yes
May be
No
Interpretation: According to this graph, it has been concluded, importance of public
intervention of obesity for benefits of health and safety of people. For this 30% respondents have
to agreed, 8% respondents have to confused and remaining 2% respondents not agree about the
same.
Theme 3: Standards of obesity public intervention on food producing companies
Question 3: Standards of obesity public intervention on food producing
companies of UK must be related with:
Frequency
e. Food manufacturing 10
f. Food processing 10
g. Food packaging 10
h. All of the above 10
9

10
10 10
10
Food manufacturing
Food processing
Food packaging
All of the above
Interpretation: According to the above given data, it has been concluded,Standards of obesity
public intervention on food producing companies of UK . For this, respondents have equal
opinion about the Food manufacturing, Food processing, Food packaging and All of the above.
All these are consider main intervention on food producing companies of UK.
Theme 4: Public intervention will impact on profitability of food producing companies of UK
Question 4: Does this public intervention will impact on profitability of
food producing companies of UK?
Frequency
c. Yes 30
d. No 10
10

30
10
Yes
No
Interpretation: According to the above given information, it has been concluded impact
of public intervention on profitability of food producing companies of UK. For this, 30%
respondents have agreed whereas remaining 10% respondents not agree about the same.
Qualitative evaluation:
Theme 1: Standards for obesity public intervention
Question 1: What are the standards for obesity public intervention which should be imposed
on food companies of UK?
Answer: There are different standards related with obesity public intervention such as Food
manufacturing, Food processing and Food packaging. All these are essential and help an
health and social care to overcome impact on obesity among people who live in England.
Theme 2: Merits and demerits of public intervention for obesity
Question 2: What are merits and demerits of public intervention for obesity?
Answer: Public intervention help an individual who faced issue related to obesity by
providing accurate information about such issue. This intervention also has demerit because
some time it provide inaccurate information about the obesity.
11