Public Health Strategies: Addressing Overweight and Obesity Issues

This essay provides a critical evaluation of overweight and obesity from a public health perspective, focusing on social action approaches, social determinants of health, and community development strategies. It examines how healthcare professionals can utilize various methods to address these issues, including promoting healthy lifestyles, raising awareness, and considering ethical and cultural factors. The essay also explores the impact of social determinants such as income, education, and health inequality on individual health and well-being. It emphasizes the importance of public involvement, effective communication, and partnership working in creating and implementing effective interventions to combat overweight and obesity. The essay highlights the need for community-based interventions and the role of public health practitioners in promoting healthy eating and active living to reduce the burden of chronic diseases associated with overweight and obesity.

Assessment

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
Social action approaches addressing overweight and obesity.....................................................4
Social determinants of health......................................................................................................4
Community Development...........................................................................................................7
Public Involvement and Communication....................................................................................7
Partnership Working...................................................................................................................7
Ethical and Cultural Considerations............................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for overall health. This can provide individuals to
prevent and control different types of disease and related conditions. When any person is obese
or overweight then it can get a high risk of developing different types of health-related issues like
high blood pressure, heart disease or type 2 diabetes, breathing problem, Gallstones and other
certain cancers. To avoid such types of health-related issues, it is necessary to maintaining a
healthy weight. This can allow individuals to reduce the risk of getting health-related issues and
also provide a healthy lifestyle. It is necessary to maintain a healthy body weight which can help
to avoid obesity problem and provide to maintain a standard of life with proper health. Every
individual needs to maintain their body weight which should be ideal or nearby. There is need to
regularly check BMI and maintenance of physical exercise. This can provide better physical
health and relief from causing a different type of diseases. In this essay, there is a discussion
about critical evaluation of overweight and obesity which should be an attempt by public health
practitioners by utilizing social action approaches (Asghari, (2017)). There is also a valuation of
social determinants of health that can impact health problems. This also consists of principal and
practices of community development that can be employed to work with and community for
addressing issues of overweight and obesity.
In the United Kingdom government has been identified that obesity and overweight
create a high risk of health to their country people. There are different initiative has been taken to
reduce the overweight and cause of obesity. To this, the government has implies different
initiative which can help to reduce the impact of factor which can lead to create obesity within
people. The United Kingdom has taken different initiative like creating awareness about healthy
body weight and to avoid obesity, limitation on advertisement of fast food, other food with high
containing of fat and many more. These all initiatives can help to reduce overeating and provide
healthy weight to their people. In today's time, health is highly concerned and every individual
need to maintain their healthy weight because overweight and obesity lead to create a different
health-related issues which directly impact the health structure of the country.

MAIN BODY
Social action approaches addressing overweight and obesity
Healthcare professional plays an important role in delivering healthcare services the
person who are suffering from overweight or obesity. They can utilize different social action
approaches for addressing such type of health-related issues. These approaches are
interdependence, interpersonal control of behavior and processes which act like as mechanism
which influence cognitive behavior to problem-solving activities and self-goal to sustain
behavioral change. This also implies to healthcare professional to help people for providing
better health. In order to this, there is a need to create a high level of awareness to people related
with maintaining a healthy weight and taking a meal of healthy food. Healthcare professional
plays an important role to minimize health-related issues due to overweight and obesity and can
create a effectiveness on people's behaviour and psychology regarding Physical health.
Healthcare practitioners use a different type of social action approaches to provide high benefit
to the patient regarding maintaining Physical health and reducing overweight (Ruanpeng,
(2017)). Healthcare practitioners generally use traditional action which includes fixed action by
custom and tradition. This is really important to maintain traditional action which can help to
provide effective health along with maintaining a healthy weight. This guide healthcare
practitioner and their patient effectively for maintaining physical health in better manner and
maintaining ideal body weight.
Social determinants of health
Social determinants of health related with the condition with an environment where
people generally born, work, live, play, age, work which can impact a wide range of health
functioning along with the quality of life outcome. Social determinants of health plays an
important impact on people's health along with their well-being and quality of life. These include
education, income, job opportunity, violence, discrimination, racism, transportation, safe
housing, air, water, language and literacy skill, physical activity, opportunity access to nutritious
foods.
United Kingdom people are not getting quality of food with full of nutrition. Most of the
population like to consume unhealthy foods like junk food and highly oil food. There is need to
reduce such type of food consumption and promote healthy and nutritional foods that can lead to

create effective health to large number of the population of the United Kingdom (Costich,
(2019)).
Income and social status directly impact health of large population. Better income
promotes to consume healthy food which can directly impact positive health to the large
population. Due to lack of better income, people are not able to consume quality of food along
with nutritional food which impacts their health negatively and alter their body weight. To
maintain healthy body weight and avoid the obesity, there is high need to consume better quality
of food which can directly associated with income level and social status.
Education and literacy also plays an important role in maintaining physical health along
with healthy weight. Education and literacy provide information and awareness to the people
related with maintaining their physical health. It also provides them an understanding and
knowledge about maintaining ideal body weight and physical health. This can help them to avoid
the high risk of health-related issues. Education and literacy play an important role for providing
information and awareness for maintaining their physical health. Due to lack of education and
literacy, people are not aware about their maintaining physical health which can lead to create
imbalance in their physical health and leads to impact body weight and resultant obesity.
Health inequality also act as a social determinant of health. Every individual has the right
to get proper healthcare treatment when they needed. In order to this, due to not having equality
in delivering of healthcare services to every people, leads to impact their life due to different
disease and related conditions and leads to create an overweight and obesity (Moreira, (2020)).
Healthcare professionals and practitioners need to provide equal healthcare and treatment to
every individual for avoiding such type of inequality and provide maintaining physical health
along with healthy body weight. Health is a fundamental right for everyone and healthcare
professional need to provide healthcare treatment and services to every individual. In order to
this, large population of world is suffering from overweight and obesity. By delivering proper
healthcare services and treatment along with creating awareness, it can help the world to reduce
the number of people with overweight and obesity.
Social involvement also plays an important role large number of population for
maintaining and focusing on physical health. The social environment guide the population and
people to maintain physical health. People get influence from their social involvement in the
society. In society, there are many people with better and effective Physical health and when

other people see them can also get curious about maintaining their physical health. This implies
influence other people for maintaining their physical health and help to reduce overweight and
avoid obesity which have different negative results like hypertension, Type 2 diabetes and a
different cancers. Obesity should be avoided, for which there is need to motivate a large
population to maintain physical health. This can help to influence a large population with the
help of a better and effective social involvement. Social involvement plays an important role for
influencing large number of population for maintaining their physical health and to avoid
overweight and obesity. This also influences to take nutritional food and avoiding junk food and
other foods which contain large amount of fat (Nambiar, (2020)).
According to Beleigoli, (2019), overweight and obesity create some major challenges to
chronic disease prevention. Across the life-force around the world, lifestyle has been changed
due to industrialization, economic growth, lifestyle, urbanization, mechanized transport and
nutritional transition of processed food with a high-calorie diet within last 30 years. World has
witnessed that obesity which can rise from childhood in present time. There is a staggering
burden of disease which can impact human body health due to overweight and obesity in large
population. Obesity generally defined as excess body weight for height and associated with
access adiposity for body fitness. Overweight and obesity leads to create a chronic disease
modality like depression, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and certain type of cancers. In
present time, childhood obesity also relates with the same type of health-related issues that can
directly impact adulthood. Population need to regularly monitor their body weight and make
some activity like physical exercise or other sports (Chandler, (2017)). It can allow them to
create a burning of fat and calories which has been accumulated due to more consumption than
needed. This high calorie can lead to create a fat within body when there is no physical exercise
for physical activity. Physical activity or exercise can help to burn some extra calories which
have been accumulated due to consumption of junk food or fast food and other. Unhealthy food
contains large amount of fat which can create an accumulation of fat and increases the
bodyweight to any person. Every individual need to maintain uptake of calories properly. They
need to make some routine which can help them to take some limited amount of calories which
are required as per their health, activity and lifestyle. Maintaining calories is highly associated
with reducing the risk of overweight and obesity. This allows minimizing overweight and helpful

in reducing risk of different health-related issues which can be caused due to obesity and
overweight (Ernawati, (2017)).
Community Development
To reduce the obesity epidemic, community development can help to support active
living and healthy eating in a variety of settings. It also help in influencing a person for early
childhood care, food services and different health associated activities. Community development
plays a huge role to creating awareness related with healthy physical health along with
maintaining average body weight according to height and lifestyle. The community can help in
influencing and creating awareness related with physical health. They also motivate and
influence children and adult people for physical exercise and activity which can help to reduce
body fat and burn high calorie which can lead to create fat in body. Community-based
intervention plays a vital role in reducing obesity (Qomsan, (2017)). The community can
influence their community people to consume average energy, density foods and beverages and a
large consumption of vegetables and fruits which can help to provide active transport to perform
different activities.
Public Involvement and Communication
Public involvement and effective communication can help to increase awareness related
with physical health. It allows large population to get aware related with physical health and
maintaining effective body weight. Public involvement can plays an important role in
maintaining and applying this initiative of reducing overweight and maintaining healthy with due
to public involvement. This initiative can show a better outcome and response because public
involvement is highly necessary to implement such type of initiative in large population. The
public are also the part of large population who can influence their relatives, family members and
friends to maintain their Physical health and effective body weight. Proper communication can
help to provide them effective information and introduced the benefit of maintaining Physical
health and healthy weight. Better communication can help to provide information about the
avoidance of different health-related issues like hypertension, type-2 diabetes, various cancer,
heart-related disease by maintaining healthy Physical health and body weight (Mannan, (2017)) .

Partnership Working
Partnership working is defined as a broad range of action when two or more groups work
together to achieve a common goal. There should not be a division of equal work but having the
same purpose can lead to effective results and better outcome. Partnership working is highly
essential to reduce overweight and obesity in the community. Partnership working can help
community member to focus on maintaining Physical health which can lead to create a healthy
society and community and look forward for reducing obesity and maintaining healthy body
weight. Partnership working allows every individual and healthcare professional to work on the
same page to achieve common goal that is reducing obesity and overweight. Partnership working
can allow healthcare practitioners and large population to work on this initiative and implement a
effectively to reducing overweight and maintaining a healthy physical weight. Partnership
working allows physical practitioners to create awareness to their patient to do a different type of
physical activity and exercise for better healthy weight. This also influences them to work on
them for reducing and avoiding chronic diseases through which they are suffering from (Amin,
(2019)).
Ethical and Cultural Considerations
Ethical and cultural consideration is also applicable for delivering information to large
population about maintaining physical health and reducing overweight. It is important to
maintain healthy weight within community. While performing different activity and exercise to
reduce obesity. There are some basic principle to which need to be respect autonomy,
beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice (Holmes, (2018)). Is allow to focus and consider on
using ethical practices which can help to reduce obesity and overweight. There should not be
conflict in between community member while influencing and creating awareness related with
healthy body weight and reducing cases of obesity. There should not be enforcement of physical
activity to any person. This is all about willpower for maintaining healthy weight and better
lifestyle. To maintain healthy body weight, public health practitioners also involved and
delivering proper information and awareness related with nutritional foods and vitamins which
are essential for maintaining Physical health. Vitamin and nutritional food are highly essential
for maintaining healthy physical. Cultural consideration can allows individuals to perform
different activity which can help to reduce fat from body and provide fitness to the individual
(Wang, (2017)).

CONCLUSION
From above discussion, it can be concluded that overweight and obesity are one of the
main reason for chronic disease like hypertension, type 2 diabetes, heart-related issues, various
cancers and many health-related issues. World Population are highly affected with overweight
and obesity and needs to reduce such type of cases. Overweight and obesity directly invites
various health-related issues for individual who is with overweight and obesity. To maintain
standard life and to reduce different disease, there is a need to maintain physical body weight.
This can impact on the personal life and provide efficacy to live a standard life. It has also be
concluded that Public Health practitioner utilizes different social action approaches related with
health issue to provide better Physical health. In this essay, there is evaluation of social
determinants of health which can impact individuals health-related problem. There is also
discussion about practices of community development which plays an essential role for creating
awareness and implementing physical healthy weight and to reduce obesity to maintain healthy
society.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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factors in children and adolescents. International journal of environmental health
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changes in overweight and obese adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of
medical Internet research, 21(1), e298.
Chandler, (2017). Obesity and associated comorbidities in people and companion animals: a one
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with special health care needs and address social determinants of health. Clinical
pediatrics, 58(11-12), 1315-1320.
Ernawati, (2017). Host–guest orientations of community‐based tourism products: A case study in
Bali, Indonesia. International Journal of Tourism Research, 19(3), 367-382.
Holmes, (2018). Assembling the forest herb community after abandonment from agriculture:
Long‐term successional dynamics differ with land‐use history. Journal of
Ecology, 106(5), 2121-2131.
Mannan, (2017). Prevalence of obesity and comorbid eating disorder behaviors in South
Australia from 1995 to 2015. International Journal of Obesity, 41(7), 1148-1153.
Moreira, (2020). Social determinants of health and catastrophic costs associated with the
diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, 46(5).
Nambiar, (2020). Social determinants of health among urban homeless in Delhi, India. European
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Qomsan, (2017). Intricate evaluation of association between dental caries and obesity among the
children in Al-Kharj city (Saudi Arabia). The journal of contemporary dental
practice, 18(1), 29-33.
Ruanpeng, (2017). Sugar and artificially sweetened beverages linked to obesity: a systematic
review and meta-analysis. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 110(8), 513-520.
Wang, (2017). A randomized clinical trial of exercise during pregnancy to prevent gestational
diabetes mellitus and improve pregnancy outcome in overweight and obese pregnant
women. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 216(4), 340-351.