The Impact of Public Health Policies on Health Promotion: A Report

This report delves into the realm of public health and social care, exploring the intricate relationship between health policies and health promotion. It begins by defining public health policy and its significance, with a particular focus on smoking-related policies. The report then applies theoretical frameworks, notably Tannahill's model and the diffusion of innovation theory, to analyze these policies. Furthermore, it examines the roles of social, economic, and public health policies in shaping health promotion within both developed and developing countries, using Australia as a case study for the former. The report highlights the importance of various factors, including social norms, economic incentives, and public health initiatives, in fostering a smoke-free environment and promoting overall well-being. It also discusses the role of health education and the impact of policy implementation. This report provides a comprehensive overview of public health and social care, offering valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities in promoting public health globally.

PUBLIC HEALTH AND
SOCIAL CARE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
Public health policy.................................................................................................................................3
Principle of health promotion theories in the analysis of the policy........................................................4
Discuss the role of social, economic and public health policies in shaping health promotion in
developed countries.................................................................................................................................7
Discuss the role of social, economic and public health policies in shaping health promotion in
developing countries................................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Health and social care refers to that term which relates the services to the present health
and social care in the country. It is the general term that is used to explain the healthcare
infrastructure that is related to the individual person into the country. It combines the various
terms that includes the nutrition. Law, sociology, biology and ethics. Public and health issue
defines the research that made a plan of action according to the set vision and vision. This report
is base on the public health policy that is very important to solve and promote this policy for
maintaining the positive atmosphere in the country. It includes the smoking related policy that a
a common policy in all over the world and after choosing the public health issue this essay report
apply the theoretical framework that is related to principle of health promotion in this report
includes the two model first is Tannahill’s model and other is diffusion of innovation theory.
Further it shows the role of social, economic and public health policies that helps in shaping the
health promotion in both developed and developing countries. It helps in giving the great
knowledge regarding the public health and social care(Bradley and et. al., 2016).
Public health policy
It refers to a process of negotiation, consultant and finding that leads to the action plan
and set the vision and mission that helps in identified the public health goals. It is an effort to
educate the public regarding their health, encourage physical activities and fitness that helps in
prevent from disease outbreaks, finds that people get the safe food and water in the society and
prevent from health related injury etc. in this report there are various types of public health care
policy like alcohol and drug misuse, infection control policies, breastfeeding, obesity, dementia,
smoke related policy and learning difficulties. This essay has been explain the one policy i.e.
smoke related policy(Watts and et. al., 2018).
Smoking related policy
This policy is related to the smoke that a person can do. In this growing number of
second hand smoking rises in recent year and worlds need to establish the smoke-free
environment. For this the government and health care department can bans the smoking in the
public areas if any person can caught while smoking than it should be penalized for that. It can
help the non-smokers person to breath freely in the environment and due to reduction in the
consumption it can safe the people life. Many countries demonstrates and apply the smoke free

legislation to ensure the public in the society can enjoy the smoke –free environment and it can
also helps the children as they are also safe and live their life in an smoke-free area. Smoking
kills the person and whom who are connected with this. It is the leading cause of death and
disease. Making and adopting the smoke-free policy is very important and significant to safe the
public of the country and make more effective atmosphere in the country. This policies can be
made for airport in the country because large number of passengers can travelers from one place
to another by using airport. Smoke –free policies can safe the employees and travelers form the
smoking that is called second hand smoking. It is to be analysis that restrict the use of smoking
in the indoor places helps non smokers to feel protect from the health decises. Countries can pass
the law relating to separate the smokers to the non smokers can clean the atmosphere, ventilating
the building and eliminates the consumption of using the new people in the community(Csete
and et. al., 2016).
Principle of health promotion theories in the analysis of the policy
Tannahill’s Model
This model contains three aspects i.e. positive health promotion, health education and
prevention. In this essay it includes the policy related to the smoke related policy i.e. smoke free
policy and for this to promote, educate and prevent the people this model is very helpful as this
give the various framework of follow the rules and safe the public from the smoking. It can be
explained below.
Positive health promotion - It is the 21st century and world has adopting the changing
environment as they regularly change in a political, demographic, social and in a technical way.
It shows the every new situation can offer a new problem and also offers a new opportunities.
Health promotion can have a mission of giving the high position to the health on an political
agenda. In this all conference can be discussed on the health related topic to safe the people
from the disease. This report is based on the smoke related issue in this country can promote the
positive health promotion so that people do not use the smoke and avoid the second hand
smoking. In this technical department also make contribution to promote the public health and
safe from smoking. In this many people can make content, develops the poster to encourage the
people from not using the smoke and restrict the use of smoking. In this government of the
country take a whole responsibility to act appropriately and on constant time to protect the

environment from smoking. Health promotion is more popular from personal and population
promotion. It explain the process of controlling on bad habits i.e. smoking and improve the
health. To promote the health country can use three aspects i.e. focus, strategies, impact and
outcomes. In this it can focus on individual or group people and make strategy i.e. provide
proper counseling, change in economic etc. and them examine their impact on the social and
individual change and then see the outcome that is better the life of the people and also better
their health(Hahn and Truman, 2015).
Health education – It refer to the communication and increase the well being to protect the
health by providing and encouraging the knowledge and attitudes. In this they provide and make
a basic approaches to deals with this situation. In this there are five basic positive health
education approaches that is used by the Tannahill’s model it can be explained below.
Behavioral change approach – it shows the two aspects that is its aim or purpose and there
related activity that is based on smoking. The main aim of this change in behavior shows the
change in attitude and action of an individual person from smoking to non smoking i.e. the
biggest challenge also that help in safe the life of an individual from the disease. In this they
persuade to the smokers person to stop the smoking.
Educational approach- In this a person can know very well what was the consequences of
smoking and than they decide whether to smoke or not to smoke. And this they need to do a
activity for providing the information to the people about the effects of the smoking and what are
the drawback they face in their whole like when they smoke.
Empowerment approach- In this country can login the anti smoking feature if a person
they identify a real concern related to leave the smoking. In this they know everything about the
smoking and at this time a person has the power to use or not to use it. If it is not use this than it
will safe the life of an individual and tier family members.
Social change approach – It create a grate impact on the people life in this society can
unaccepted those person who can smoke and due to this they can leave the smoke and make their
life happier. In this they ban the sale of the cigarette so that people cannot purchase it and also
stop the advertising and sponsorships relating to tobacco and smoking on the television.

Medical approach- The main purpose of this approach is top free from the individual from
the lung disease and many other smoke related consequences. In this a person and a country can
encourage the people to detect the use of smoke related decisions(Gerst-Emerson and
Jayawardhana,2015).
Diffusion of innovation theory
This theory was first proposed by E.M. Rogers in 1962 and known as a oldest theory in the social
sciences. It includes five categories that is innovators, early adopters, early majority , late
majority and laggards. It can be shown below(Batterham and et. al., 2016).
Innovators – It includes those people who are the first to adopt the change that do not fear
about the results that take risk and feel the things. In this approach those people are involve who
are very excited to adopt the change in this category the people who are conservative nature
cannot come. In this excited people are try smoke and they take risk with their health and also
they do not fear about this.
Early adopters – in this people are very well known the consequences and than adopts the
change and also leads other people in adopting the change. They do not need any suggestion
regarding the change. In this a person has full knowledge about the side effects of smoking and
after that they smoke and also encourage other people to do the same and who are exited to adopt
change can do the same other people are not doing the same things and this people are known as
conservatism.
Early majority – these are those people who are not adopting the habit of smoking they
firstly know the result of this and than take decision to smoke or not to smoke.
Late majority – This are the people who cannot adopts the habit of smoking and this people
are denoting as a conservatism types. In this if a majority of people like many friends and family
members are smoking but this type of people cannot influence towards it.
Laggards – This are the type of conservative people and they bound to their cultural. They
fell fear to adopts the change this type of people are very effective in not to smoke and thsy safe
the society from the health disease.

Discuss the role of social, economic and public health policies in shaping health promotion in
developed countries
A developed country is one that is economically, technically, socially and politically strong and
they have more resources and advanced in nature. They have advanaced infrastructure, strong
per capita income etc. The role is discussed on the developing country that is Australia and in
this the whole responsibility related to smoking is with the state territory governments that has
played an leadership role in this and ban the use of smoking in the country. It includes the major
role of social, economic and public health with the health promotion is discussed below(Gostin
and Wiley, 2016).
In context of Australia, social factor plays an important role in the health promotion as they
promote in a way that every member in the society is self regulated and control to not to smoke
and due to this Australia is become the common smoke free environment in the world as a
developing country. It is totally based on the mechanism and education that is provided by the
people of country regarding the smoking. In this country restriction is equally applied to all
sectors of the people due to this public are safe from the use of smoke. In this country at the
workplace no smoking is the best policy and if a person is caught to smoking then they should be
penalized for their mistake and sometime they get restricted form that place. Due to posters on
do not smoke it promote the health in the working environment. Due to this working ability and
capability of a worker can increased. In this there are set rules and guidelines that was set by the
state and territories and everyone wants to follow this. In this society support very much in a way
they implement many laws and legislation in their community due to this they safe their society
and people are free from smoking(Watts and et. al., 2015).
Public health policy is very helpful in shaping the health promotion as they are the main
source of promoting the source related to the smoking. In Australia there are free flow of smoke
free laws due to that they get the high support from the community members and this also helps
in decreasing the consumption of the smoking and tobacco. This laws is self enforcing the person
as they get the smoke free areas and due to this all the people in the community can safe the
environment. This promotion can be increased by the advertising through mass media activity. It
can be shown through national tobacco campaign that is run by television commercials. Smoking

ban in the countries help in reducing the consumption of smoke and prevent the use of
consumption. In Australia tobacco is ban and restricted in the workplace that will enhance the
productivity of work and reduces the health related issues in the working environment that
impact the employee absenteeism(Boulware and et. al., 2016).
The role of economic that shape the promotion of health can describe that restriction and
making a policy related to the smoking helps in enhancing the economic as it place an greater
impact on the hospitality sector. Restriction on the workplace helps in improving the work ability
and capability of the employees due to this company earns higher profits and these indirectly
save the economic of the country. Smoke free areas helps in making the effective revenues for
the country and it does not affect the hotel and restaurant when they do not offer cigarettes at the
time of dining. In Australia most of the restaurant can not offers a smoke on their dining and it is
not affected their business and its profits but it save the environment of the country this create
the productivity in the nations and they earns a high economic country in the world. Smoke free
policy cannot affect negatively the patronage. As it is not affected the retail counter that place a
major contribution on the economic of the country. In Australia all the jurisdiction can signage
by displaying the smoke free areas and this helps in earning high revenues of the people. As on
the same time it also affected the negatively on the economic as many retail counter of smoking
and tobacco can face the major loss and because of this they cannot pay the high tax and this
affect the economic of the country(Castañeda and et. al., 2015). It is very easy for the developed
countries like Australia, united kingdom to cope up with this health related issues and gain the
economic benefits also with social benefits.
Discuss the role of social, economic and public health policies in shaping health promotion in
developing countries
Developing countries are those countries that contain a poor agriculture by seeking and
encouraging the people to more advance in economically and social sector. To promote the
health policy developing countries having some role that is helps in shaping the social,
economical and public health policy of the company. In this essay report developing country can
be taken is the Thailand. This repot helps in showing the various role relating to the some factors
can shape the health of the people by promoting the smoke free policy in all over the country. In
this developing countries smoke consumption is more due to this government of the country can

pass some laws and legislation that encourage the people not to use the smoke as it is dangerous
to health and cause the death(Frumkin, 2016).
It is very essential to address the growing consumption of the smoking in the developing
countries because it causes the various health related issue because of this society people are not
safe and they cannot work properly. The aim of follow this rule of related to smoke free areas
can helps in making the developed country in future. If they are not consuming the smoke or
second hand smoking than it will increase the productivity of the people as it is very important to
stay in the competitive market and if is not successfully achieved the target than company may
face lose. In developing country like Thailand smoking are restricted on a workplace and if
anyone finds with doing the smoking than he or she will be penalized and pay high amount for
this. If society can be safe people are safe and environment are also safe it will increase the
production of the goods and sales increases in worldwide(Kolodny and et. al., 2015).
Developing country like Thailand can do a main focus on the health care departments fro
maintain and organize its infrastructure. It is very important to make the infrastructure better and
due to this people are well forced on their work. In Thailand they high the price of the cigarettes
so that middle class people cannot afford this and they cannot buy the products and due to this
many community can leave the smoking. Making a policy is very important and also do
promotion of that. Heath promotion is depend on the various approaches and in developing
country government mainly focused the behavioral and medical approach in this they examine
the individual person and their main aim to reduce the consumption of smoke and decrease the
new counting of using it5. Control strategies have contributes a lot on the decreasing the clients
of the smoking in the Thailand(Degeling, Carter and Rychetnik, 2015).
In Thailand to make a health policy a promotional tool they focused on the adults and
promote the smoke related strategies so that people reduce the consumption of the smoking.
Economic factor play an important role in the health promotion by increasing the tax on the
cigarettes so that if people can buy it they pay high amount of tax due to this they can leave the
use of it. In public places countries restricted the use of smoking because there are children,
adults, old people who are very quickly affected by this. Second hand smoking is very trending
in Thailand as it is very costly due to this people can reuse it. To remove this type of smoking
country can restrict the use of it and people of the country can make some posters and write an

effective content and share with the people so that they get attracted towards it and leave their
habits as a voluntary not by forcedly. Now government of the country is imposed a new law
related to the tobacco as it can sale on low cost but the shopkeeper pay high tax on this due to
this many retail shop has been closed and they do not sale the cigarettes in their outlets. It will
benefitted the economy as a high tax they pay but it place an bad impact on the public
health(Masters and et. al., 2017). It is very important to note and research on a timely manner to
t=know the daily consumption people in the country. It can place a major impact on the person
spending as they spend more of their income in the smoking as compare to spend on the good
things. To safe the young people from not smoking country can promote on social media by
using smoke related policy so that get attracted towards it and leave the smoking and also
encourage other people to not to smoke. It a person is addicted towards the smoking it cannot be
leave until its life is over. To overcome this issue developing country can do following measures
by making the state wise laws that restrict the smoking in the country. In this economic and
social factor plays a major role and stopping the use of smoke and move towards the healthy life
so that country can also live the better life.
CONCLUSION
From the above essay report it is to be concluded that the public health and social care is
an prominent term in all the countries and their people and the country are more particular about
their related policies. This report suggest the smoking related policy that shows the policies of
smoking in the countries and how they tackle this give the enhanced knowledge regarding the
public health. In this as a developed country this essay take a Australia and shows the role of
social, economic and public health that helps in shaping the health promotion in the country. It
also give the knowledge related to the developing country i.e. Thailand with same as a
developing country so a person can understand the difference of policy in the countries related to
developed and developing nature(Oppedal and Idsoe, 2015).
.

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