Public Health Issues and Interventions in UK Health and Social Care

This report provides a comprehensive overview of public health issues in the UK, examining various challenges such as tobacco and alcohol use, air pollution, and cardiovascular diseases. It delves into how population data is utilized to highlight determinants contributing to these issues, including individual behaviors and environmental factors. The report explores different types of public health interventions, such as vaccinations, screening programs, supplementation, and behavioral modifications, and their impact on improving health outcomes. It also outlines strategies for reducing the incidence of diseases within local communities, emphasizing the roles of community referrals, healthcare programs, and effective communication systems. Furthermore, the report discusses the crucial role of statutory bodies in developing health protection strategies and the responsibilities of healthcare professionals in disease prevention, including infection control and addressing challenges like resource limitations and antibiotic resistance. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of addressing these issues at both national and local levels to improve public health.

Health and Social Care

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
LO1
LO2
LO3
LO4
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION
 The term Health and social care relates to the services that are provided by the
health and social care organisations in United Kingdom.
 It includes the health care services provided by the trained medical
professionals within the hospitals and other facilities.
 This report discusses about current public health care issues in UK and
different type of interventions which is used to address the public health issues.
 Present report also includes the strategies for reducing the incidence of diseases
in a local community.

LO1
P1 Current public health issues relevant to nation
There are various public health issues that are relevant in UK and has created a
concern for the UK government. Various public health issue in UK are as follows:
Tobacco and Alcohol: It is one of the major public health issue in UK, huge number
of people are involved in smoking and in consumption of alcohol.
Air pollution; it also the major health issue in UK which has decreased the quality
of health within the nation.
Antimicrobial resistance
Bowel cancer and its cases are increasing in UK.
Cardiovascular disease.
Obesity
Cervical cancer
High blood pressure.
These are the major public health issue in UK as per the informative data provided
by NHS.

Cont..
P2 How population data is used to highlight the determinants that contribute
to public health issues
There are various health care determinants which are generally used to collect the
data of public health issues it includes cost, quality of health, quantity, access
to health care services.
 There are also number of individual behaviour determinants from which a data
is collected it may include habits such as exercise, diet etc, lifestyle or choice.
 There are also various social and physical environment determinants from
which the data is collected that help in contributing towards the public health
issues.
 Some of the subcomponents of various determinants or various factors are
measured in different ways like taking the records form Country health
rankings it is used to collect the health data that are available at the country
level.

LO2
P3 Different type of intervention used for determining issues of public health
Public health intervention can be defined as an efforts or the policies for improving the
physical and mental health of the people. There are various types of Public health
interventions such as:
 Vaccinations: These programs are considered as one of the most common and effective
public health intervention. Such programs may be in the form of recommendations or
may be run by a nationalised health care systems or governmental health departments.
 Screening: It is the practice of testing a set of individuals which meet a certain criteria
like sexual activity, age or sex for a particular disease which is common in them.
Common examples of screening are mothers are screened for Hepatitis B and HIV and
their detection can help in preventing the maternal transmission for such diseases during
gestation period or during child birth.

Cont..
 Supplementation: Supplementation of water or food with nutrients can help in
reducing the deficiency of Vitamins and also help in reducing other diseases. It
may be required by an individual voluntarily or ordered by law for example
Vitamin D to prevent rickets, iodised salt to prevent goitre, etc.
 Behavioural: Such interventions are provide to change the behaviour of an
individual where educations are provided to promote healthy behaviours.

Cont..
P4 Health interventions leading to health improvements
As there are various public health interventions that are provided at local and
international level that play an important role in improving the health of people in UK.
 With the help of public health interventions, it can help increasing the quality of health of
people as various disease can be prevented from spreading at local and national level.
 Such programs helps in providing the vaccinations in different corners of the country
which can help in preventing many disease like Polio, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, etc so this
can help in preventing the diseases in children of the country.
 Public health interventions can also help in curing various disease like goitre, birth
defects, obesity, cardiovascular disease etc which surely help in improving the health at
national and international level.

LO3
P5 Strategies to reduce incidence of disease in local community
There are various strategies which can be implemented in reducing the incidence of disease
in a local community some of them are mentioned below:
 Advance community improvements through community referrals: local communities
should work with health care institutions which will connect the patients with health care
centres which can help in decreasing the occurrence of disease in local community.
 Health care programs: Organising health care programs in a local community also help
in reducing the incidence of disease in a local community as people are provide
knowledge about how prevent spreading of diseases and how they can adopt hygienic
lifestyle and various precautions to be taken etc.

Cont..
 Establish effective community health care communication system: By
establishing effective health care communication system in a local community
where all the quires of people will be answered and this can help in decreasing
the occurrence of disease in local community.

Cont..
P6 Role of statutory bodies in developing health protection strategies
Statutory bodies play an important role in developing a health protection strategies as statutory
bodies are responsible for planning and setting a law in order to promote human health.
 Such bodies formulate various objectives and goals for promoting the health and formulate
strategies for improving the health of people in UK.
Various statutory bodies work with local with each and with a local authorities and local
communities in order to analyse the situations and identify the area which the quality of health
needs to be improved.
It is the responsibility of s Statutory bodies to formulate steps for improving the health of
people in their areas.

LO4
P7 Role of health care professionals
Various health care professionals have to perform various roles in prevention and
control of spread of disease which can be explained as below: