Public Health Teaching Experience: Observations and Improvements

This report details a teaching experience within a public health context, focusing on diabetes education for nursing professionals. It includes a summary of the teaching plan, the epidemiological rationale for focusing on diabetes, an evaluation of the teaching experience itself, and the community's response to the teaching initiative. The report also identifies key strengths in modern nursing practices, such as incorporating AI and ML and staying updated with guidelines from organizations like the American Public Health Association (APHA) and the American Diabetes Association (ADA). Areas for improvement include encouraging nurses to be more people-oriented rather than task-oriented and maintaining close contact with ADA for the latest research and guidelines. The goal is to enhance the effectiveness of diabetes care and prevention within the community.

Public health
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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Summary of the teaching plan....................................................................................................2
The epidemiological rationale for topic.....................................................................................3
Evaluation of teaching experience.............................................................................................4
Community response to teaching...............................................................................................5
Areas of strength and areas of improvement..............................................................................6
Strength areas in modern nursing professionals:...................................................................6
Areas of improvement............................................................................................................7
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................9
References................................................................................................................................10

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Introduction
Nursing professional authorities and associations have to conduct a teaching session
to educate their staff about the new and emerging disease on a regular basis. As defined by
the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) and the American Association of
Colleges of Nursing (AACN). For example: Currently, the epidemic of COVID-19
(CORONA virus) is creating fear in not only in the population of the USA but in the whole
world. Thus, it is important to educate the clinical staff so that they can deliver an effective
solution and clinical care to the affected patients (Bastable, Sopczyk, Gramet & Jacobs,
2019). This teaching plan will provide effective education to medical professional about
methods to take care for the people who are diagnosed with diabetes (linked with the
National Council of State Board of Nursing (NCSBN)). In USA, there are over 34.2 million
people or 10.5% of the US population who are suffering from diabetes (Candela, Piacentine,
Bobay & Weiss, 2018). In this study, there will be a discussion about the summary of the
teaching plan, the epidemiological rationale for topic, teaching experience of the candidates,
the response of audience (clinical practitioners) towards the teaching and major areas that
require improvement.
Summary of the teaching plan
In USA, there are around 34.2 million people who are suffering from diabetes. On the
other hand, there are only 17,000 certified diabetes educators. This teaching plan will involve
the epidemiological rationale for the topic. As it is important to first educate nursing staff
about the epidemiology of diabetes, this epidemiology describes that the prevalence of
diagnoses with diabetes has increased upto 2.2% from 1998 to 2015 (Ramchandani, et. al.,
2017). The learning goal of this teaching plan is to make medical practitioners aware about

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the symptoms of diabetes, its precaution measures, role of hormone insulin, etc. The response
of the community will also be incorporate in this teaching plan.
The administration segment of this medical attendant populace likewise has
profoundly separated capacities. Top medical caretaker heads oversee enormous and complex
nursing administrations in emergency clinics where they frequently are answerable for multi-
million-dollar spending plans. In all the fluctuated institutional and network settings of
patient consideration, they oversee administrations gave by around 915,000 staff level
enlisted medical attendants, in excess of 500,000 authorized down to earth medical
caretakers, and an expected 850,000 associates. Personnel in schools of nursing teach future
medical attendants and lead research to improve the consideration of patients through the act
of nursing. An inexorably significant piece of the propelled nursing framework are masters,
for example, nurture professionals, nurture birthing assistants, and an assortment of clinical
medical attendant experts in emergency clinics (Truong, 2017).
The epidemiological rationale for topic
Epidemiology is the study of the origin and the major cause of diseases in a
community. The major objective of epidemiology is to prevent the causes of the disease. As
the process of the epidemiological about diabetes, first starts with creating complete
awareness in the medical practitioners. As this stage will enable them with the effective
knowledge that incorporates the details of major issues of the problem, empower them with
the techniques to cure such disease, precaution measures, etc (Ugwu, 2017). The major issue
of the diabetes is that it occurs when the pancreas (a gland behind the stomach) fails to
produce enough hormone insulin. Second, those nurses or clinical practitioners who become
completely aware of the diabetes and its precaution levels. Now, it becomes their duty to
spread awareness among the targeted audience in an effective and efficient way. Apart from

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this, epidemiologic studies are also frequently used to plan new health services and to
evaluate the overall health status. For example: through researchers and as time passes, new
studies are arisen related to the diabetes. In 2018, the research conducted by the American
Diabetes Association (ADA) claims that it is possible to reverse type 2 diabetes by lowering
fat that build-up in the pancreas and liver (Suzanne & Brown, 2018). Third stage implies that
clinical professionals should not be keep their knowledge limited to books and past theories
about diabetes. It is noted that many times nursing professionals keep their knowledge limited
to the book only about the diseases diabetes. It is the suggestion to them that they should
always stay in touch with the American Diabetes Association by reading their regularly
published journals and their new researches. Incorporating the latest knowledge or guidelines
issues by ADA will help the medical professionals to provide more effective treatment to
their patients who are diagnosed with diabetes at any stage. Apart from this, it is also
important for the nursing people to monitor the data of state’s clinical authorities about
mortality rates arisen in the population because of this disease (Candela, Piacentine, Bobay &
Weiss, 2018). Moreover, there are five core functions of the epidemiology that need to
incorporate in the favour of public health:
 Public health surveillance
 Field investigation
 Analytic studies
 Evaluation
 Linkages
Apart from these 5 functions, one more core function is also developed recently which is
the policy document.

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Evaluation of teaching experience
Providing training and guidance to the nurses is always a major part of any group’s
nursing program. From past teaching experience, it is concluded that nurses and clinical
health practitioners were concerned about not having appropriate technological advancement
to fight with diabetes. Now, not only the study of ADA but the study of global researches
showcases that Glycated haemoglobin (A1C) test, Oral glucose test, etc (Deepa, Murty,
Reddy & Shetty, 2017). are the methods to test the accurate results of diabetes. On the other
hand, metformin, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors, bariatric
surgery, etc. are the treatment methods (including medications and treatment) for the people
who are diagnosis with diabetes. Nurses and clinical health practitioners indicate that
healthcare science searches for the appropriate solution when at least 1-3% of the population
gets affected with the disease completely (Harris, 2019). In today’s time, COVID-19 is the
suitable example for this statement. As China itself claims that we were notified by our
doctors about this virus in the November but at that time only 18 people were affected from
this virus. When this disease took the massive shape then they urge to find its treatment with
effective control measures such as social distancing (Carulla & Hipona, 2018). This nursing
professional training was associated with the transmission of nursing knowledge and assisting
nursing students as well as clinical professionals to adopt necessary skills and abilities to deal
with challenges in the healthcare system while giving care to the patients. However, this
teaching program has drawn out light on the three major domains of learning such as the
cognitive domain, the affective and the psychomotor (Sun & Liu, 2019). As teaching is an art
and in nursing practices, it requires regular teaching and guidance to the associated
professionals (Rosenbloom & Blanchard, 2018).

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Community response to teaching
Providing teaching to the nursing professionals incorporates mastery of content,
classroom control with the command of teaching skills. As the community is also aware that
regular awareness of the disease and its precautions is extremely necessary for the nursing
practices (Ibrahim, 2019). Having a regular flow of knowledge by the regulated authorities,
empower nurses to adopt the necessary tools and techniques to overcome various dilemma in
an effective and efficient way. For example: such as in today’s era COVID-19 is spreading all
over the world, in this case, medical authorities conduct effective nursing training in various
parts of the county so that all the nursing professional can become aware of the diseases, its
symptoms and its major precautions. Apart from this, the community response also includes
that it is important to conduct a direct live session either face to face sessions or live online
coaching classes (Verma & Gupta, 2019). As effective teaching incorporates research to
identify specific teaching behaviours that are directly related to giving appropriate care to the
patients. As per the response of the community, it can be analysed that providing direct
training (either in the form of live classes or in the form of face to face interaction) is
necessary because every nursing professional have the different query and in the majority of
the cases these query is also addressed by the assign professionals only (Zhang, 2019).
Although, it is the great habit to clearing out query from the assign professional only because
if we consider a situation where a nursing professional cleared out their query from the
unregistered medium (such as enormous source from the internet article) then it is possible
that answers from the unregistered medium can create an adverse effect in the population
(Hancock, Naber, Cross & Mailow, 2016).
Areas of strength and areas of improvement
Strength areas in modern nursing professionals:
 Incorporating the use of AI and ML:

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Modern nursing professionals are moving towards incorporating the utilization of AI
and ML process in an effective and efficient way. The use of AI in nursing
professionals will help them to analyse the problem of diabetes in more sophisticated
manner. The primary goal of ADA is to reduce the number of diabetes in the country.
Currently, 10.2% of the population is affected from the diseases. AI will help the
nursing professional to improve decision-making, speeding up the processed and
saving overall cost. Apart from this, incorporating the use of AI in the healthcare
space bring the hope of adding value to nursing care in an effective and efficient way
(Zhang, He, Liu & Chandra, 2020).
 Regular updates by the American Public Health Association:
It is good to say that the American Public Health Association always delivers
essential information to assign nursing professionals. Now, the nursing professional
should regularly aware with the guidelines issued by the APHA and ADA about the
diabetes (Karadag, Calıskan & Iseri, 2016). As APHA’s integrated education program
for not only diabetes but for all diseases to ensure that public health professionals
always deliver an effective knowledge to healthcare professional for ongoing issues
so that the assigned professional can incorporate necessary information with
prevention measures (Sun & Liu, 2019).
 Time management skills: The time management skills of the nursing profession are
also their major strength area. Managing time is an effective way is the major strength
of Nursing and every health care professional (Maddineshat, Hashemi & Gharib,
2018). Their time management skills are appreciated when diseases like diabetes
encounter in the nation because they have to devote day and night to provide
treatment to the patients. In the USA, there are 8 doctors per 1000 patients and 19

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nurses per 1000 patients. As per this data, it can be analysed that nursing professional
has to manage effectively (Meira & Kurcgant, 2016).
Areas of improvement
 Nursing professionals should be stay in touch with the ADA:
It is important that nursing professionals should be stay in touch with the ADA in order to get
updated guidelines and knowledge about diabetes. As ADA always update in their journals
about every minor and major research on diabetes. In 2018, the research conducted by the
American Diabetes Association (ADA) claims that it is possible to reverse type 2 diabetes by
lowering fat that build-up in the pancreas and liver (Maddineshat, Hashemi & Gharib, 2018).
 From task-oriented to people-oriented:
Nursing professional performs their duty in an appropriate manner and fulfils their
responsibilities in a sophisticated manner (Verma & Gupta, 2019). However, the behaviour of
nursing professionals is task-oriented but rather then it should be people-oriented. The
nursing professional should change their behaviour from task-oriented to people because
becoming task oriented will help them to understand effectively about the pain and mental
problems of the patients (Sun & Liu, 2019). For example: with any physical pain in the body
at a physiological level, it not only affects the body but also affects their psychological
condition. In this way, it is noted that nursing professionals who adopt task-oriented
behaviour achieve excellence at cursing the disease at the physiology level but they fail to
cure the psychological problem of the people (Maddineshat, Hashemi & Gharib, 2018).

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Conclusion
In this study, the teaching plan of healthcare professionals for the disease diabetes is
discussed. Apart from this, the core functions of the epidemiology are also discussed. These
core functions are public surveillance, investigation, analytic studies, etc. Moreover, strength
areas of the nursing are also discussed such as their time management skills, incorporating
AI, etc. However, there are various areas of the nursing which require improvement such as
nursing professional should incorporate the norms of the people-oriented behaviour from the
task-oriented and they should work effectively on the regular updates issued by the ADA. In
this study, it is also concluded that more then 10% of the USA population is affected from the
diabetes.

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Deepa, L., Murty, P., Reddy, M., & Shetty, S. (2017). Assessment of awareness and practice
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