Public Services in Contemporary Society: Police Accountability and BLM

This report provides an overview of public services in contemporary society, focusing on the concept of policing by consent and the challenges faced by the UK police in achieving this. It examines the impact of the Black Lives Matter protests in 2020 on public confidence in the police, the structure of police accountability, and the sources of funding for the police force, including the implications of austerity. The report draws on various sources, including articles and journals, to provide a comprehensive analysis of these issues, highlighting the fluctuating tones used in discussing the Black Lives Matter movement, the historical context of policing by consent, and the public's expectations of fair and respectful use of power by the police. It also addresses the lack of comprehensive data on police brutality and the varied reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement among different groups within the UK population.

UNIT 4 PUBLIC
SERVICES IN
CONTEMPORARY
SOCIETY

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Source of publication..................................................................................................................1
Tone used in the post..................................................................................................................1
Policing by consent.....................................................................................................................2
Police service's struggle to achieve policing by consent since their inception in 1829..............2
Police response to the Black Lives Matter protests across the UK in 2020 and their impact
over public confidence................................................................................................................3
The structure of the police over a particular focus in context of accountability.........................5
Sources of funding and the implications of austerity on the police along with their response to
the Black Live Matter protests....................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Public services in contemporary society are refers to the work under which appropriate
assistance along with guidance has been provided to huge amount of people living in thios
modern society. They are highly accountable for providing appropriate services and
development so that the society will able to grab fair and equivalent opportunities in each and
every aspect (Colomer, 2020). The major role that has been conducted by the public service
sector is to provide proper direction to people in order to maintain quality standards.
This report will discuss the module over “The quest for public confidence” which derives
the power of police from the common consent of the people and various issues that have been
arises during that specific point of duration. Apart from this, the study will also highlight the
concept of police service struggle to achieve policing by consent, their assistance towards Black
Lives Matter, structure of the police by focusing on accountability and sources of funding along
with their implications.
MAIN BODY
Source of publication
This particular concept which is related to the Black Lives Matter movement within the
UK has been received from various sources such as two of the articles namely, “Black Live
Matter: how the UK movement struggled to be heard in the 2010s, “Black Live Matter in
the UK: We are still not being heard”, and one journal named as “Why Black Lives Matter
protests are happening in the UK”. The sources are highly credible in nature as they are
published currently i.e. 2021 and also consists of copyright content. This is highly useful in
order to collect required information which are greatly reliable in nature.
Tone used in the post
The pitch of voice that has been utilized within the articles and journals are fluctuating in
nature as sometimes it shows the emotional part with the help of describing issues and problems
faced by the black people living within the society of UK by the public service sector people i.e.
the police of UK. And sometimes the articles consists of revengeful voice during certain
sessions which shows the power of protest that had been conducted by the local people of UK
against the polices. It also consists of certain statements of protestors according to which the
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government of UK wanted to put down the issues into political agenda which was not at all
required by general people as they want some solutions for their issues.
Policing by consent
Black Lives Matter is specifically refers to decentralized political as well as interpersonal
motion contemplative against incidents of patrol harshness and all racially impelled ferocity
against black citizenry living in the society of UK. As per my views, my consent is in the
support of the black people as it is highly unethical to do unequal treatment as according to the
black people, police took unwanted actions and more likely to shot them. Hence, discrimination
on any basis should never going to be entertained by anybody in this whole world.
Police service's struggle to achieve policing by consent since their inception in 1829
Police business office are national workers who put themselves in dangerous situations
on regular basis to keep the general people safe and secure in every aspect. It is one the biggest
strength of the UK that the police work and public both seek to create powerful assemblage
based relationship with police force by permission at their core group. Policing within the UK is
grounded with the principle of 'Policing by consent'. This concept has been unmoving in the
content that for constabulary to become effective, there must be wide open help in order to fulfil
police service actions. The consent were initially prepared in 1829 as general instructions issues
to each and every police officer to recognize that the power of police to fulfil their duties as well
as functions is completely dependent upon the public approval of their creation, behaviour,
activity and on their quality to assured and generate public respect (Szetela, 2020). They also
liable to use physical force only when greatly required or proposal and admonitory is recovered
to be deficient to acquire public cooperation. In order to utilize the minimal level of fleshly unit
which is significant on any specific occasion in order to achieve police objectives.
In current scenario, Policing by consent, is most commonly referred to when an
important change in the law comes into existence and there are corresponding demands and
responsibilities placed over the police. European Monarchs struggled to pervade diverse regional
groups with a sense of nationalism as well as national loyalty, countries created more militarized
and mobile model of policing. In context of building trust factor, the polices of UK has react to
concerns elevated by London communities by denote that they will draw up an action plan to
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code trust factor along with confidence and transparency. This was the initial important step and
acknowledgement at governmental plane that alteration must be successful. The damages caused
by undetermined disproportionality can be far-reaching and long-lasting. It may vantage to more
Asian, Black and Minority cultural group being drawn into the condemnable natural virtue
scheme by interrupt their instruction as well as household lives by reduction their work
possibility. It feeds perception among the public and people about the black people and crime
and may also influence the ways through which patrol apportion and distribute beginning.
It has been identified that in the public eye justly anticipate from the police to defend
them by commute their powers in an impressive and antitrust demeanour. When the police use
their power in dis proportionate manner or in diversified proportions over various irreligious
groups it causes suspicion among some communities that they are being below the belt mark.
This exactly happens with the Black people due to which Black Lives Matter started. This can
undermine police legitimacy which is the cardinal feature of the British exemplary of policing
by permission. Legitimacy as per the views of public of the UK, is extricable linked to the ways
the police utilize their power over the general people of society living in the UK whether they
are an anti monopoly and sensible in the use of their powers, deferential during their trading
operations and open in their appropriate decision-making (Li, 2021). Lack of trust factor creates
reduction in legitimacy which automatically lead to lower level of compliance as well as
cooperation among diversified people. Unfair use of power buy the police have been
encountered and lead people to feel as they have no obligation to comply with the laws
generated. It makes people unwilling to report even crimes and to come in front of the eye
witnesses.
Police response to the Black Lives Matter protests across the UK in 2020 and their impact over
public confidence
The protest arises over the murder of the George Floyd due to which in Nottingham in
June 2020 saw an estimated 3000 people stand in social distancing and protest across the UK
with regard to anti black racism. Various debates are sparking over the media and society about
the UK's disadvantage in terms of handling the racism against Black people living in the UK
society. It has also been evaluated that numerous companies quickly release equality and
diversity statements over the movement and various companies were criticized for lacking
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behind in real empathy. The movement represents a tendency that goes beyond the
decentralization that survive within the civilian rights movement. With this protest, it has been
evaluated that humorous of people by the police decreased. It is an ineluctable that protestation
flat and can generate changes within the society of UK. The police response to the assault and
mischief of the federal capitol building has unleashed a wave of comparison to the summer
Black Lives Matter protests in UK (Croom, 2020).
There is no specific way to know how events might have unfolded diversified if the
protestors causes had been policed brutality rather than supporting the president who lost the
elections. But the clashes had been put side by side. The protest of the general people affects the
morale status of the police causes officers to adopt a less aggressive patrolling posture that
reduces police civilian interactions in general manner.
The Black Live matter had been appreciated in discourse of existent heritage of the ill
treatments of blacks by the patrol and the guilty justness system of rules along with American
governmental and societal establishment in more general ways. This legacy was a fact as the
movement was the reflection and reaction of Black Lives people movement. From almost past
four years, it had been identified that the police faced a lot of in context of protest from the
public. Slowly and gradually, the public again starts to trust the law enforcement and the protest
for the Black Lives Matter had fallen (Ransby, 2018). Recently, now the condition arises
according to which the local people trust over the police has enhanced, and they feel safe under
the police enforcement. Meanwhile, the white people have never supported the movement and
hence the movement has dipped back down to roughly where it was before certain deaths. Black
people usually faced tasks of explaining the conditions to the non-black people, friends, co-
workers as well as strangers about the connection between structural racism and the latest police
shooting. This was a stressful procedure to undergo while grieving those deaths. Hence, it was
painful for black women, children and men also faced a lot of issues in similar context.
The exposure of such incidents was traumatic in nature and can affect the well-being
over the life course. In addition to that, it was painful for black people to go to work and see
business as usual while they were feeling devalued. From the past researches it had been
evaluated that apart from certain amount of data presented, still the exact data had been lacked
behind as nobody had the particular amount of data base regrading the brutality issues and facts
or numbers as per this Black live movement (Gasman, 2017). No national database has been
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available till yet who provide exact count over lethal violence. Apart from this, there are
fluctuation crosswise racist and ethical groups in the frequency that the crime had been
committed which puts some groups into contact with the police at a rate that was
incommensurate to their proximity among the varied population.
As per the viewpoints of consumers, it had been identified that protestors was engaged
with people who happen to see them, but they do not believe into the movement that had reaches
at their top. The Black people felt ignored and not being directly spoken by the government. As,
the movement was conducted by large 50 groups representing the interests of black communities
all across the nation. Originally they utilize social media platform including hashtag activism in
order to range cardinal of people speedily. They generally engaged in direct actions and tactics
that make people uncomfortable in order to address the issue and had created negative image
among their minds regarding the police. The reactions regarding this movement among the
public are multifaceted systematically and substantially by grouping (Patterson, 2020). A
majority of Americans were disapproved the movement after which the whole concept gets
wider support. Although initially when the movement started, various firm came out in activity
by giving and enacting argumentation changes in conformity with the abstraction attribute.
The structure of the police over a particular focus in context of accountability
The structure of the UK police departments are organized in a hierarchical structure
basically with the Chief of police as its executive leader as in some agencies the top official title
is Commissioner or Superintendent. It is all dependent upon the size of department along with
the number of divisions or units within an agency will diverge. As per the structure, the chief
constable sits at the top of the establishment. The structure has been created in order to divide
the clearer division of responsibilities with the chief constable. In 1964, the Police Act has been
constructed namely Tripartite structure of police according to which the responsibilities are
distributed among the Home Office, the local police authority and the chief constable of the
force. The role of different authorities has been illustrated in below table:
Police Authority Chief Constable Home Office
Maintain appropriate force Accountable for providing Promote effectiveness
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path and power
Agree monetary fund,
accountable for spending
Prepare draft budget Determine aid
Appoints Primary police
constable
Control personnel Approve appointment of CC
Setting of general objectives Fulfil local and national;
objectives
Set national objectives
Issues general constabulary
program
Draft local policing plan Receive copy of local policing
Handle finances for excess
origin
Business activity control Determine stages
The guiding principles of Black live matters are committed but operate without any
central structure or hierarchy. The system was not fascinated in police force who is and who is
not the part of the movement (Sewell, 2018). The friable construction of Black live matter had
impart towards creating the disorder in the estate and among progressive as human action or
authorities of individuals are erstwhile attributed to Black live matter as a whole.
As per the research, two starring modification in laws and practice reducing police
viciousness, initially business persons who have been concluded due to constabulary
mismanagement should not be able to occupation in law social control again. This specific
recommendation had received a bipartisan support at the federal level. Another is related to
restructuring non-combatant payouts by agitated them from tax remuneration money to police
department insurance policies. This was started to occur in some ways at the local level. The
Black live matter had made the police violence a pressing national and local issue along with
helped lead to the elections of the officials. This makes the police accountable for misconduct
and sought to decrease imprisonment. The answer-ability of idiosyncratic constabulary officer is
a fundamental issue for police executives. It ensures that warrant equitably, legally and
economically on behalf of citizens which is at the core of police management. Hence, it is the
moral duty and responsibility of police to maintain and impose the law incomplete and to defend
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experience, place, human rights, property as well as dignity of the members of the public. Their
major role consists of promoting and preserving public orders (Ioakimidis and Maglajlic, 2020).
The police system enforces the legal document and command at the same time that
breaks the law and cannot inmate them. Police should be taught the ways in which they can use
inferior military unit when dealing with people because ultimately the public are also human
being. However, in order to come up with method to bring down the destruction of the black
people, the law-breaking that are being affianced by the black should not be dismissed.
Sources of funding and the implications of austerity on the police along with their response to
the Black Live Matter protests
The majority of funding at the time of getting budget to the police of UK, the central
government is solely responsible for providing or allocating funds for the next financial years.
PCC's can enhance the percept but cannot be at the rate of excessive. The local councils raise
much of their findings through rates, fees, charges and investments. Central government also
provides some funding or subsidies towards specific actions. The DA as the social club is known
in participatory circle is recommended the benefactor to step up appraisal writing to a container
of supported group that have supported the occurrence with great extent. In the club most of the
members are considering ways to help directly to aggressive local groups that have utilized
confrontational tactics to inject their resentment into the persuasion debate. It was the possible
businesses that elevates the Black Live Matters motion and increase its accord. But it was also
troubled over both broadside and sources tell politician. Major presenter are not generally
extremist and resistance as inactive most in touch with the pain of subjugation. The motion
definite quantity cash to physique a self-independent substructure contention the precocious
communicator should add zeros to their share that assist greatly this transformational motion.
In terms if finding implications related to the Austerity, it has been evaluated that the
policies cut down the police beginning but also lead to melodramatic cut down in welfare
benefits along with local employment. It is harder to cut down evildoing with more constabulary
and better services along with benefits than it is to enhance evildoing by edged down these
public beginning. Forces had altered to asceticism in an assortment of ways and their public
presentation has many-sided in how they have reacted to this state of affairs (Hoven, 2020).
More responses have been identified from past few years as it encourages the rating of forces as
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inadequate. Important deformation over the police monetary fund is causing the company given
to the state-supported to decline. The cutting funds of the police may arises different challenges
and issue for the local public safety and security as it is the primary purpose of any police
activity which will not be resolved if the costs had been cutting down constantly. Corps are
generally flexible and make the work for the benefits of the society. Service providers are
generally interested in making money and requirement of flexibility among the workings costs
some amount of money that needs to be provided to them in first instance.
Along with the Black live matter, the movement of anti austerity movement within the
United Kingdom also started in 2010 by watching various demonstrations in response to
conservative liberal democrat coalition governments austerity measure according to which
important reductions is local council budgets, enhancement in tuition fees, reduction over public
spendings, health and policing, etc.(Jackson, 2021).
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it has been concluded that Black live matter was an planetary
societal motion formulated in order to consecrate operational prejudice and anti coloured
aggression particularly in the kind of police ferociousness and it greatly affects the society in
every context.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Colomer, L., 2020. Black Lives Matter and the archaeology of heritage commemorating bigoted
white men. Science Norway.
Croom, M., 2020. If “Black lives matter in literacy research,” then take this racial turn:
Developing racial literacies. Journal of Literacy Research. 52(4). pp.530-552.
Li, A., 2021. Solidarity: The role of non-Black people of color in promoting racial
equity. Behavior Analysis in Practice. 14(2). pp.549-553.
Szetela, A., 2020. Black Lives Matter at five: Limits and possibilities. Ethnic and Racial
Studies. 43(8). pp.1358-1383.
Ransby, B., 2018. Making All Black Lives Matter. University of California Press.
Gasman, M., 2017. The Black Lives Matter Movement and Historically Black Colleges and
Universities. Penn GSE Perspectives on Urban Education, 14(1), p.n1.
Patterson, R.J., 2020. Between Protest and Politics: Black Lives Matter Movement (s) for Black
Lives. Meridians, 19(2), pp.427-452.
Sewell, A., 2018. The intersectional, structuralist, and anti-geneticism centres of Black Lives
Matter. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 41(8), pp.1443-1446.
Ioakimidis, V. and Maglajlic, R.A., 2020. Black Lives Matter, Biopolitics and the Social Work
Response.
Hoven, M., 2020. Religious Education and the Black Lives Matter Movement. alive fully, p.23.
Jackson, S.J., 2021. Making# BlackLivesMatter in the Shadow of Selma: Collective Memory
and Racial Justice Activism in US News. Communication, Culture and Critique.
Online
The Conversation, 2021. [Online]. Available Through: <https://theconversation.com/black-lives-
matter-how-the-uk-movement-struggled-to-be-heard-in-the-2010s-161763>.
News, 2021. [Online]. Available Through: <https://www.bbc.com/news/explainers-53337780>.
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