Sustainable Tourism Development Plan: A Case Study of Qatar

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SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT
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Table of Contents
LO2- UNDERSTAND DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO TOURISM PLANNING AND
DEVELOPMENT............................................................................................................................6
ANALYSE FEATURES OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AT DIFFERENT
LEVELS.......................................................................................................................................6
EVALUATE THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERACTIVE PLANNING SYSTEM AND
PROCESSES IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENTS.......................................................................6
EVALUATE DIFFERENT METHODS AVAILABLE TO MEASURE TOURIST IMPACT. 7
LO3- UNDERSTAND THE NEED FOR PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM..........8
JUSTIFY THE INTRODUCTION OF THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABILITY IN
TOURISM DEVELOPMENT.....................................................................................................8
ANALYSIS FACTORS THAT MAY PREVENT OR HINDER SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT........................................................................................................................9
ANALYSE DIFFERENT STAGES IN PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABILITY.......................9
LO4- UNDERSTAND CURRENT ISSUES RELATED TO TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
PLANNING...................................................................................................................................10
EVALUATE METHODS OF RESOLVING A CONFLICT OF INTERESTS TO ENSURE
THE FUTURE WELLBEING OF A DEVELOPING TOURISM DESTINATION................10
ANALYSE THE IMPLICATIONS OF BALANCING SUPPLY AND DEMAND................11
EVALUATE THE MORAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES OF ENCLAVE TOURISM...............12
LO5- UNDERSTAND THE SOCIO-CULTURAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC
IMPACTS OF TOURISM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND EMERGING
DESTINATIONS..........................................................................................................................12
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COMPARE CURRENT ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN A
DEVELOPING COUNTRY AND AN EMERGING DESTINATION WHERE THE
IMPACTS OF TOURISM ARE DIFFERENT..........................................................................12
EVALUATE WITH RECOMMENDATIONS, THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF
TOURISM IN THESE DESTINATIONS.................................................................................13
CONCLUSION:............................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................16
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INTRODUCTION
Sustainable tourism refers to the tourism that takes full consideration of its current and future
impact of environment, on production, social impact, identifying the need of visitors and host
communities. Sustainable tourism development is management practice or guidelines that are
appropriate in all types of tourism destinations (UNWTO, 2019). The sustainable principle
includes the economic, environmental and socio-cultural as of development in tourism. There are
three dimensions which ensure and guarantee the long-term sustainability of tourism. So the
tourism industry must do:
 Better utilization of environmental resources as it plays an important role in development
by doing the protection and conservation of natural biodiversity and heritage.
 Showing respect to traditional values, heritage, host communities and socio-culture.
 Industries must take care of their stakeholders by distributing fair income opportunities,
stable employment conditions, providing social services to entertainers.
The sustainable development of tourism requires the full participation of stakeholders as it's a
continuous process; it requires constant attention and monitoring of corrective and preventive
measures. There is also a necessity to maintain the satisfaction level of tourists by providing
them with a good experience.
In this assignment, the understanding about why it is necessary to plan and manage the tourism
at a different level within a local, regional, national and international framework. By applying
different approaches to tourism planning and development, sustainable tourism and what are the
current issues faced by tourism and its impact in the tourism industry. We will emphasise on
current trends to plan and develop tourism in a range of destinations. We will also use different
theoretical models to understand better. The introduction of principles and philosophies in
sustainable development will also understand and how the external or internal environment
affects the relationship of guest-host.
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LO2- UNDERSTAND DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO TOURISM
PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
ANALYSE FEATURES OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AT
DIFFERENT LEVELS
Tourism development has three different levels:
Regional level: in this level, states or regions generally have done the tourism planning which
includes the infrastructure planning and regional policies, transportation networks and territory
access and some other regional level functions (Morrison, 2013).
National level: at this level, tourism planning refers to the national structure planning, tourism
policy, major attractions of tourism, investment policy, and transportation networks within the
nation, service standards and facilities at the national level, marketing of tourism, training and
tourism education.
International level: this level refers to the tourism planning which involves more than one
nation which consists joint tourism marketing, transportation services at international level,
regional standards and tourism policies, cooperative concerns and cooperation from different
country members (Morrison, 2013).
EVALUATE THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERACTIVE PLANNING SYSTEM
AND PROCESSES IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENTS
The interactive planning concentrates on the future of an organization which mainly focuses on
beliefs and thinking of a system which includes what should be done now, then and how. Then
the organization plan to fill the gap between the current situation and future desired situation
with the proper creation of planning (Page, 2014). his planning includes three different
characteristics:
 Interactive planning is continuous planning.
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 This planning process enables the stakeholders to involve in the process.
 Interactive planning focuses on where the organization exists now and where the
organization wants to go.
EVALUATE DIFFERENT METHODS AVAILABLE TO MEASURE TOURIST
IMPACT
To reduce the multitude depreciation of environment, economic and social culture which
influence the destination attractions, it is very necessary to measure the impact of tourism
through different methods. The activities and management of tourism development can influence
the industry in a positive or negative way. The purpose of measuring the tourism impact is to
evaluate the planning process whether it is fulfilling the objective of social, economic and
environmental or not. There as different methods available for measuring tourism impact are EIA
(environmental impact assessment), STEAM (Scarborough tourism economic activity monitor)
and triple bottom line (Frechtling, 2012).
ECONOMIC MEASURES:
Economic prosperity mainly shows the development of tourism as economic conditions depict
the potentiality of tourism industries. The fluctuation in income of people who are located in that
area shows the tourism activities which is measured in monetary terms. Thus, it shows the direct
benefits of tourism which involves revenue returns, business profits, number of increased jobs
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and employment earnings. There are two models which help in measuring and estimating the
impact and value of tourism:
 STEAM model: this model allows the tourism to measure the tourism performance
through the data collection of visitors from the survey which basically shows how many
visits has come, number of attracted guest and how they have expanded while visiting. It
helps in measuring the contribution through their accommodation this analysis helps in
measuring tourism impact on the economy.
 Cambridge model: this model helps in collecting survey national data which provides the
collection of data at lower costs. This database includes the capacities and
accommodations which is very useful for local authorities.
ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES:
This focuses on measuring the environmental costs of a country for its tourism project through
environmental impact assessment. This measures this done to forecast the potential risk and
environmental consequences which can be proposed by the process of development so, to avoid
the damages of the environment, this model identifies the required environmental measures
(Frechtling, 2012).
EIA helps in understanding the data and information's which can affect the environment due to
their planning and development. So before starting the exercises, an organization should analyses
whether the planning should go on or not by knowing the impact. The planning involves all the
negative effects or impacts which can influence the local communities, natural resources,
problems to the environment, flora and fauna, air, water, soil, landscape, cultural sites and peace
are been audited in this procedure.
SOCIAL MEASURES:
This is the most difficult aspect to measure and count as it involves the investment and
development of socio-culture, as these aspects are very personal and qualitative. But here are two
methods two measure the impact of sociocultural (Veal, 2017). Firstly a company can collect the
data from survey through primary sources and a second company can analyze the secondary data
through public documents, government records, documentaries and newspapers.
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Another option for a company is that they can consider the index of travel intensity which helps
in analyzing visitor's proportion. This will help in measuring negative possible impacts and will
help in promoting the better aim for culture in an organization, which will help in creating a
better place to visit and a better place to live in Qatar.
LO3- UNDERSTAND THE NEED FOR PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABLE
TOURISM
JUSTIFY THE INTRODUCTION OF THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABILITY IN
TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
The planning and development of tourism
industry involve the program of sustainable
development which consist promotes high
interaction with the groups and local
communities as they are the people who are
getting more sensitive for their society. As
this concept can affect and in the filter the
lifestyle and environment of the economy
(Sharpley and Telfer, 2014).
Sustainability in the tourism industry can be
defined as a process which focuses on the
development of environment, economic and
social of a particular organization in a
region. The objective of sustainability is to
use the environmental resources in an
optimum manner, ensuring long term
economic operations and respect the social
culture in different areas of Qatar.
People are getting conscious towards the
visitor's impact on their social, economic
and environmental aspects as tourists want
greater involvement of local people which
can promote so many changes.
It involves greater interaction of
communities as the multiple activities
require unified experience. Sensitivity
towards the effect of tourism in local
communities that can interrupt the culture,
lifestyle and environment (Sharpley and
Telfer, 2014).
This basically refers to run the business in
ways which do not destroy the nature,
economic resources and culture of the
country. So the tourism industry must follow
these three principles which are mentioned
above so that resources can be used in an
optimum manner. This will help in
conserving the natural resources, gaining
profit and revenue for the community and
provide cultural values in the society.
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ANALYSIS FACTORS THAT MAY
PREVENT OR HINDER
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT
There are many factors that hinder or
prevent the sustainable development of
tourism in the countries such as political
factors and various challenges like a natural
and artificial disaster, social structures,
religions, seasonal variable, employment,
eradication of economic problems changing
class boundaries etc (Bimonte and Punzo,
2016).
There are many other problems which
prevent the sustainability of tourism:
 Usage of traditional planning that
does not focus on long term vision,
still using methods for short term
vision.
 Lack of careful designing to operate
the tourism structure.
 Lack of awareness in local
communities as people are unaware
of the nature conservation and role of
sustainable tourism.
 Lack of private sector investors in
sustainable tourism.
 The absence of active participation
of local communities.
 Lack of information and promotional
program.
 Lack of government attention that
disables the involvement of the
private sector.
 Changes in local culture due to an
increase in migration, which leads
dislocation of traditional and cultural
societies.
 Inappropriate attention to the balance
of ecology and natural environment.
 Poor conditions of facilities and
conditions of public services.
 Lack of effective communication
between hosts and tourists.
ANALYSE DIFFERENT STAGES IN
PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABILITY
Sustainable tourism development includes
six different stages for planning:
Sustainable tourism planning generates the
strong relationship between the economic,
social factors and ecological which helps in
safeguarding the environment as well as
boosts the tourism industry in the country
(Yeheyis et al., 2013). The Qatar tourism
sectors involve some following
sustainability stages-
 Stage 1: stage one includes the plan
to aim the sustainability in a
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particular times period. Here in this
stage, the organization will define
the short term and long term goals.
This includes the development of
infrastructure to attract the visitors,
enhance the increased numbers of
foreign visitors according to the
budget of Qatar industry.
 Stage 2: here in this stage the
company will identify the Qatar
tourism industry's stakeholders and
direct the needs and objectives in
order to meet on time. All the
designing and activities will be done
through the consideration of
stakeholder. Identification of
national park authorities and tour
operators will be done by local
communities and business
organization.
 Stage 3: here the places in Qatar that
have the potential to attract the
visitors will be considered. All the
details about the visiting place, its
interest, needs and infrastructure
development of that projected area
will be determined. The areas and
places should be determined before
actual investment which can support
tourism growth through its speciality
(Yeheyis et al., 2013).
 Stage 4: here in this stages
consultation is taken by each and
every stakeholder regarding all the
issues such as conflicts between the
local inhabitants due to the licensing
of hotels for tourist, thus these kinds
of problems must be figured out by
discussing with the stakeholder
before going for any plan.
 Stage 5: in this stage, proper
research is been done which create
the issues or problem for the tourism
industry. So the origin of those
problems needs to be identified and
after the recognition, the
stakeholders must consider being an
important aspect to discuss the
solution for those issues.
 Stage 6: this is the last stage of
developing the sustainable plan as
after discussing all the issues and
management solution, now it’s time
to create an innovative and effective
idea for the development of
sustainability. The aim will be to
attract the more and more visitors
and safeguarding the place or
environment through the guidelines
keeping in mind that can boost the
number of tourist in an economy
(Yeheyis et al., 2013).
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LO4- UNDERSTAND CURRENT ISSUES RELATED TO TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
EVALUATE METHODS OF RESOLVING A CONFLICT OF INTERESTS TO
ENSURE THE FUTURE WELLBEING OF A DEVELOPING TOURISM
DESTINATION
Generally, conflicts arise when different
stakeholders come up with different
objectives and aims. To resolve the conflict
of interest, the voluntary organizations and
government are promoting or initiating the
sustainable tourism plan of development.
According to the case study, The QTA
(Qatar tourism authority) is launching a
Qatar national tourism sector strategy to
receive the growth in tourist arrival. This
will also focus on infringement in terms of a
biological environment which is mostly
creating conflicts among the communities'
and stakeholders. Therefore in order to
resolve or avoid the conflicts organizations
can use different methods to resolve the
conflicts of interest in the tourism industry
are as follows:
1. Negotiations: A negotiation is a
primary method to resolve the
conflict in any organization. This
method includes clear and
understanding interaction and
communication among the people
(Fusco Girard, 2013). In this
method, two parties get involved to
negotiate and come on a fair decision
that provides a win-win situation for
both the parties. Suppose the
government of Qatar plan a meeting
for the sustainable development pan
with a local group or people. In this
meeting both the parties will put
their point confidently, that will be in
favour of both the party which will
give benefit for both of them. But the
solution has two sides one is positive
that shows effective solution and
win-win situation but the negative
side is a limitation which comes in
negotiation side. This method is a bit
difficult as no party is getting ready
to sacrifice their interest.
2. Mediation: this is the process where
acceptance of parties gets done on
mutual agreement. In this method
both the parties actively participate
in the discussions and proceed to
solve the problem of conflict. The
positive side of this method is that
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this method helps in providing the
supportive environment that helps in
reducing misunderstanding for
example job opportunities for local
communities has been ensured by the
local authority (Fusco Girard, 2013).
This method has some limitations
also as sometimes mediators get
failed to ensure something which
diverse the situation and things
doesn’t come to an end.
ANALYSE THE IMPLICATIONS OF BALANCING SUPPLY AND DEMAND
According to the tourism at Qatar, it has
received 6% growth in the rate of visitors or
arrivals in the period of 2012-2016. In order
to meet the demand, Qatar is building a new
hotel for visitors. In 2030, 1.2 billion will
come to 1.8 billion. This opportunity will
enable the world to be a better place and
sustainable. The world tourism organization
and QTA have organized a world tourism
day that is held on 27 September to initiate
the development of tourism, Qatar has huge
potential to explore the contribution in
tourism and development. There 2030 vision
for tourism development and long-term
economic diversification to priorities this
sector. They have celebrated the
international year of tourism for sustainable
development in 2017. Their agenda is to
present the advances sustainable approach
2030 which is the Qatar national tourism
sector strategy. Last year Qatar has crossed
the international border in just a single year
which is commendable. This world tourism
day will always make the people remember
during their travel that respect the culture,
respect the nature and respect your host said
by UNWTO secretary. To achieve the goals
of sustainable tourism development, QTA is
providing training events in order to create
the awareness about the need of sustainable
business practices and impact of tourism
among all the stakeholders by partnering in
private and public sector in Qatar (Kaján,
2013).
To meet the demand for tourism in Qatar,
the supply needs to identify to satisfy the
demand of the visitors and the arrivals and
in order to boost the development of the
economy. The national tourism sector
strategy of Qatar involves the analysis of
critical factors that are connected with the
tourism environment. To boost the tourism
sector they have diverted their focus on
infrastructure development, environmental
issues and community welfare. Their
strategies are focusing on modifying the
facilities through investment to uplift some
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