Summaries of Research Articles: Nursing & Healthcare Research Report

This report provides summaries of two research articles, one qualitative and one quantitative. The qualitative study explores the perspectives of family members and residents on in-situ pneumonia care in nursing homes, highlighting the preference for on-site treatment and the importance of resident and family involvement in decision-making. The quantitative study examines interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates in individuals aged 60 and older, assessing the effectiveness of various approaches such as personalized reminders, home visits, and system-based interventions. The analysis of the quantitative study reveals mixed results, with several trials showing potential but also highlighting significant risks of bias. Both summaries include the problem statement, purpose, research questions, methods, key findings, and citations for the original articles.

Running head: SUMMARY OF THE RESEARCH ARTICLES
Summary of the Research Articles
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author note:

1SUMMARY OF THE RESEARCH ARTICLES
1. Qualitative Example: Pneumonia Care and the Nursing Home
Problem Statement- The demand for a long lasting care on facilities is constantly increasing
in the response the response to the changing social values and demographics (Hollaar et al.
2016)
Statement of Purpose- The residents of the nursing home are often sent to the hospitals for
their diagnostic test and for receiving the acute health care service there. All these transfers
are very expensive and at the same time are linked with the increased amount of risks.
Though, the improved in technology permits the long lasting care ease to supply more
complex health care on the site, if this would become a trend then the family members as well
as residents would see the worth of such care (Rapp et al., 2015).
Research Question(s)/Hypothesis- Is the interventions to decrease the hospitalisation of the
residents of the nursing home with pneumonia
Study Methods- This article is based on qualitative design study and have examines the
perspectives of the family members and the residents on in situ care for the disease of
pneumonia. The participants chosen for executing this study are the family members and the
residents who are treated for the pneumonia that is drawn from larger randomised controlled
trial of one clinical pathway for managing the nursing home acquired pneumonia on the site.
The data and information acquired from the interview were analysed by using the style of
editing that are describes by Crabtree and Miller for identifying the key themes.
Key Findings- The overall findings of the article suggested that the interventions to decrease
the hospitalisation of the residents of the nursing homes with pneumonia are constant and are
consistent with the fondness of the family members as well as the residents. The results of the
interview suggested that the family members and the residents preferred that pneumonia
should be treated in nursing homes, wherever it is possible to do so. Both of the participants

2SUMMARY OF THE RESEARCH ARTICLES
felt that attention and caring are the key or fundamental aspects of nursing home setting. It is
also to note that, although both the participants have agreed with this point, still the residents
felt that doctors and staffs must take the decision whether or not to hospitalise them, and with
the same, the family members too need to be involved and consulted in the process of
decision making.
Citation
Hollaar, V., van der Maarel-Wierink, C., van der Putten, G. J., van der Sanden, W., de Swart,
B., & de Baat, C. (2016). Defining characteristics and risk indicators for diagnosing
nursing home-acquired pneumonia and aspiration pneumonia in nursing home
residents, using the electronically-modified Delphi Method. BMC geriatrics, 16(1),
60.
Rapp, K., Rothenbacher, D., Magaziner, J., Becker, C., Benzinger, P., König, H. H., ... &
Büchele, G. (2015). Risk of nursing home admission after femoral fracture compared
with stroke, myocardial infarction, and pneumonia. Journal of the American Medical
Directors Association, 16(8), 715-e7.

3SUMMARY OF THE RESEARCH ARTICLES
2. Quantitative Example: Interventions to Increase Influenza Vaccinations Rates of
those 60 years and older in the Community
Problem Statement- Since the year 1964, the advisory committee on the Immunisation
practices of the United States Public Health Service had recommended the influenza
vaccination of the high risk persons, comprising of the older ones as well. There are very
poor evidences to ratify the influenza vaccination and still it is been promoted by most of the
health care authorities (Dixon et al., 2017). The effectiveness of the interventions for
increasing the pace of influenza vaccination in 60 years or aged is still undetermined.
Statement of Purpose- Influenza vaccine is effective in decreasing the influenza-like
illnesses, physician visits and working days lost (Petrie et al., 2015). In many nations, only
the high-risk groups are subsidised a free vaccination service. The non-high-risk groups
generally include the individuals of below the age of 65 years without any chronic disease,
and those who are not working in healthcare sector. In countries like Europe and Australia,
the influenza coverage rates for the non-high-risk adults ranges from 5.8 to 45.1 percent.
Research Question(s) - What is the efforts of the interventions for increasing the rates of
influenza vaccination among the human beings aged 60 years or older than that?
Method- A total of 44 RCTs (Randomised controlled trials) were included in the study and
all of them studied the seniors present in a community and within a high-income nations.
There were no RCTs belonging from the society-level involvement. With the same, the
authors of this article searched the CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled
Trials), comprising the Cochrane Acute Respiratory Infections Group's Specialized Register,
EMBASE, MEDLINE, AgeLine, ERIC and CINAHL.

4SUMMARY OF THE RESEARCH ARTICLES
Key Findings- The assortment was marked up and meta-analysis was very finite. There were
only a total of 5 RCTs who were graded very low and six of them were at the risk of the
partiality. They comprised of three among the thirteen personalised postcard interventions,
and two among the four home visit interventions, three among the four reminder to the
physicians interventions as well as three among the four facilitator interventions. However, it
is also to mention that the other remaining 33 RCTs were all at higher risks of the biases and
there were no commendations for the practice that could be trawled. The interventions that
were reviewed were categorised as those to expand the demand of the community, increase
the access such as home visits, group visits and the provision of the free vaccination and the
system or provide based interventions. The 4th category of the interventions are at society-
level. However, there are no randomised controlled trials that were found and this category
would comprise of the mandated programs as well as government policies like paying
healthcare workers for gaining the specific vaccination targets. All the RCTs were of the aged
individuals in the high income nations and other specific communities. The articles did not
find any inclinable RCTs of the interventions for increasing the rates in the institutions. Elven
out of forty four RCTs were at moderate or low risk of the biases. It is also to mention that
there is a summary of the effects of the interventions for increasing the rates of influenza
vaccinations in the article. They comprise of three of the thirteen personalised phone call or
post card interventions, two out of four home visit interventions, three out of four facilitator
interventions and three out of four reminders to the physicians interventions. The remaining
33 RCTs were at the high risk of the biases as well as the finite outcomes of the RCTS at the
moderate and the low risk of bias should also be considered in this context.
Citation
Dixon, B. E., Kasting, M. L., Wilson, S., Kulkarni, A., Zimet, G. D., & Downs, S. M. (2017).
Health care providers’ perceptions of use and influence of clinical decision support

5SUMMARY OF THE RESEARCH ARTICLES
reminders: qualitative study following a randomized trial to improve HPV vaccination
rates. BMC medical informatics and decision making, 17(1), 119.
Petrie, J. G., Cheng, C., Malosh, R. E., VanWormer, J. J., Flannery, B., Zimmerman, R. K., ...
& Benoit, J. (2015). Illness severity and work productivity loss among working adults
with medically attended acute respiratory illnesses: US influenza vaccine
effectiveness network 2012–2013. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 62(4), 448-455.