Effective Quality Management: Team Roles in Healthcare Settings

This report provides an overview of quality management within a care setting, emphasizing the importance of teamwork and continuous quality improvement (CQI). It defines teamwork in healthcare as a group of care workers interacting independently with a common purpose, working towards specific goals, and benefiting from leadership. The report discusses the Tuckman team model (forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning) as a framework for team development. It also explores Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) as a management philosophy to reduce waste, increase efficiency, and enhance satisfaction. The PDSA (Plan-Do-Study-Act) cycle is presented as a practical tool for testing and implementing changes, with a focus on improving patient-centered care and service delivery. The report highlights the necessity of understanding group dynamics and individual personalities for optimal team performance and crisis management in healthcare settings.

Quality Management in a Care Setting

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
QUESTION 1...................................................................................................................................3
QUESTION 2...................................................................................................................................6
QUESTION 3...................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The concept of quality management generally refers to the administration of the system
designed, specific policies as well as the processes which reduces, if does not eliminate, harm
while perfecting the patient care as well as results. It is generally an essential procedure in the
well-being care organizations which can help to maintain the effectiveness in terms of the
products as well as offering the care services towards the service user. The management of the
quality specifically ensure the safety as well as consideration of the essential factors which are
important for dealing with various unique conditions. The continuous quality enhancement is
generally a management philosophy which the healthcare organization uses it to decrease the
waste, enhances its efficiency as well as can enhances the internal and external satisfaction. It is
generally an ongoing procedure which can evaluate the working of the organization as well as
the pathways to enhance its processes. Having a continuous improvement among the
organization can drives both the enhancements of the processes and products. The care
organization which can actively look for the ways to improve their outcome will invariably
enhances the value of the care services. It will generally lead towards more sophisticated as well
as the overall more competitive offerings. In this report, there is a discussion about the specific
team development roles that are needed to improve the performance of the teams so that care
workers can effectively able to deliver the quality care services to the service user. In addition to
this, there is also a discussion about the management of continuous quality enhancements within
a healthcare organization (Morris and Swanwick, 2018).
MAIN BODY
QUESTION 1
The concept of teamwork within a healthcare setting can be defined as a group of care
workers who generally interact independently with a common purpose, can effectively work
towards specific and measurable goals which can make benefits from the leadership which can
maintain stability while supporting the right decisions as well as solve the issues within
healthcare setting. A teamwork within care setting generally emerges from the interaction
founded among the other team members and every one of them can be defined as a set of inter-
associated thoughts, the effective actions or the feelings of every team member which are
required to function as a care team as well as which can joins to facilitate the coordinated, and an

adaptive performance and the task objectives containing an outcome in value-added results. A
teamwork specifically mirrors the quick behaviours as well as effective interactions which
usually take place among the care team members work when implementing the specific tasks. A
teamwork within a care setting significantly guided by specific fundamental principles such as it
is categorised by the set of behaviours, their attitudes, cognitive beliefs which must be flexible as
well as adaptive, the care team members must monitor or visualize each other as well as can feel
safe to give feedback and must be comfortable when receiving it. In addition to this, the team
members must also be willing as well as capable of providing encourage to the other team
members in their specific activities and operations. In the healthcare setting, a teamwork can
include a clear as well as a concise communication. In addition to this, the team members should
be able to coordinate independently in order to take the aggregate and effective actions. The
teamwork generally also needs the leadership which can give the directions, plannings,
distribution as well as the activity coordination and at last, the teamwork is generally subjected
towards the external impacts and to the needs of the tasks itself (Teamwork in Healthcare
Management, 2021).
In addition to this, an essential aspect of an effective teamwork generally needs the
understanding group dynamics in both the team situation as well as an individual personality.
The discussion will involve models that are often applied within healthcare settings which can
aid a team that can perform optimally as well as can manage the crises more efficiently. In
context with Tuckman team model, it is proposed by the psychologist Bruce Tuckman in the year
1965. The Tuckman Team model is one of the famous theories of team development within a
healthcare setting. It generally illustrates the very four stages which a team may progress via
forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning as well. in this, the particular stages can
move from organizing to producing and although the stages can appear linear, in fact the team
workers can move backwards to the earlier stages, all depending over the events which can
impact the team as well as the communication strategies which they use. Having communication
among the care team is generally an essential component of successfully moving towards the
next step in increasing productivity of the healthcare setting (Fulop, 2012).
FIRST STAGE: Forming; In this stage when everyone in the team is getting to know each other
and are trying to make positive impression, is generally a good time to create a set of shared
expectations, the guidelines or a team charter. A team forming activity is significantly a positive

thought in order to aid in building trust as well as get to know the various weaknesses and
strengths of the team members. The first stage is generally an orientation stage over both the
professional and an interpersonal level, where the boundaries as well as expectations are
founded.
SECOND STAGE: Storming; It is the one who is most commonly identified by the group
conflicts. In this, it is more frequent where the initial expectations as well as the boundaries are
challenged as people can learn more and more about each other’s motivation. In addition to this,
it is the only stage where the co-team members can able to learn about every member’s strength
and weakness as well as can try to identify what their specific roles will be in the healthcare
settings.
THIRD STAGE: Norming; In this stage, if the conflicts among the team members have been
solved and the co-team members have proved the elasticity, all is going well, each team member
can know their specific role and the works on their part within a healthcare setting. Sometimes,
co-team members can work autonomously in this stage, but can check in with the other team
members often to make sure that the work flow is sufficient as well as effective.
FOURTH STAGE: Performing; In this, when the care team have been worked collaboratively
well towards the productivity of the healthcare organization. In this, less time is required to form,
storm as well as can learn to the norm, performing the care team can move quickly as well as
independently in order to tackling the specific tasks at one hand.
FIFTH STAGE: Adjourning; In this stage, the main goal of the adjourning is specifically to
attain the closure as well as can end on a positive note. The team members and other co-team
members generally require time to mirror on the people’s participations and their growth. It is
essential to identify the growth, procedure as well as accomplishments of a team group as a
whole (Mulder, 2022).
In healthcare setting, a teamwork generally became an essential well-being intervention for
various number of reasons. In this, the clinical care is generally becoming more complex as well
as specialized, forcing the care medical staffs in order to attempt complicated well-being care
services and can quickly learn the very new methods. In this, the care team work as well as the
communication difficulties within the health care can manifest the issues of coordination neglect
within the healthcare organization system. In this, the team working and the communication
difficulties within a healthcare can simply manifest the issues of coordination neglected within

an organization system. In this, managing more complex care work can efficiently contain
breaking it into the specific tasks as well as delegating the factors of the work. Moreover, across
the healthcare organization, there is a strong tendency to stress the division of labor as well as
can ignore the mechanism of coordination and its integration. The delivery of well-being care is
inherently inter-dependent as well as enhancing the complex. In this, there is no care worker that
can assure a patient can receive the highest quality care, nor can they protect the patients from
any injury or harm occurring from enhancing the complex as well as the powerful therapies.
Moreover, despite being elevated levels of interrelationship, the well-being care has
underinvested in its structure as well as an evidence based care practices for effectively
managing the care team mates as well as a coordinating care (Barton, Bruce and Schreiber,
2018).
QUESTION 2
Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) refers to a quality management process that
encourages every individual of a healthcare team member to ask continuously some questions
like how are we doing and how can we do it? To better to address this question, there any two
practices which can help in the clinical and administrative structured data. This can be effective
and allow to provide better care and delivery of services effectively to the patient. It can also
refers to a management philosophy where the organization used to reduce waste and increase
internal and external satisfaction along with increasing efficiency. It can refer to as an ongoing
process that can evaluate the organizational work and the way to improve its processes. CQI play
an important role in healthcare organization which can enable them to become more patient-
centered and efficient through using the CQI methodology. Healthcare organizations can perform
several best practices for ensuring a continuous quality improvement strategy effectively. There
are two type of continuous quality improvement tool which may include PDSA and Fishbone
(Abisado and et. al., 2020).
PDSA refers to the Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle which is a shorthand for testing exchange. It may
include planning, trying or serving and acting what to learn. This is a scientific method that can
use for action-oriented learning. There is a benefit of using PDSA. This can include less
destruction to patients and staff members. It is cost-effective and easier to leave bad ideas
behind. It can also enable easier to implement and involve a less descriptive instead of a large
area. This can enable staff and patients as more receptor to small changes.

Plan-Do-Study-Act refers to an iterative which includes four-stage problem-solving
model and can help to improve carrying out change and processes.
This is a model for continuous improvement and includes a cycle referred as Plan-Do-Study-Act.
In this, one team has been set the aim, then there is need to establish its membership which can
help to develop a measure of determination of changes for the improvement. It can also include
another step of testing a change within the real work setting. Here PDSA cycle refers to a
shorthand for testing exchange through using planning, trying, observing, result and acting what
has been learned.
There are some reasons due to which there is need for test changes. This includes
increasing belief about the change along with the improved result. It also include several
proposed changes which can lead to desire improvement. It also includes evaluation of much
improvement which can be expected from the change. It also need to ensure whether the
proposed change will work effectively to make actual environment of interest. This also provides
the reason to decide which type of combination of changes should have the desired effect on
important measures of quality. It also includes evaluating social impact, cost and side effect from
a proposed change. It also provides a reason to minimize resistance upon implementation. As
working with a small team or wider multi-disciplinary team, there is need to ensure about the
implementation of plan to study and acting tool which can be effective and work as a continuous
quality improvement tool that can help in managing quality care and improving better outcomes
for the service user. It includes outcome-based care (Henien and et. al., 2020).
PDSA allow learning about the planning which can enable to perform in such a manner
that can help to provide better outcome through implementing change. In this, there is need to
study about the previous information and data and implement the plan more effectively which
can provide the expected outcome. Here, study also allow taking information and data in
response to know about the efficiency and effectiveness of the implemented plan. It can enable to
act upon the changes and allowed to make it more improvement according to the expected
outcome.
This PDSA cycle can be effective and allowed team members or multidisciplinary team
for continuous improvement in their planning. This can help more effectively and contribute in
achieving team objectives. This can help to enhance the quality of service which a deliver to
service users in their care (Katowa-Mukwato and et. al., 2021).

Every patient deserve the best-suited healthcare services for their situation. In this, one of
the most suitable care, for result of the most suitable treatment. Through making most suitable
care need patient and health care providers to have insight about the outcome which are best
relevant for the patient. This may include people who are expert in their own life. The outcome-
based approach is a disciplined way of taking action and thinking about the services which can
help and use for designing and monitoring strategies for improving individual health. It refers to
a sophisticated term which have a business model of outcome base contract where the
organization should achieve better use of resources to provide effective healthcare services to
their patient for their better and improved health outcome. It can reflect as impact of health care
services along with intervention on patients health status.
Advantages of outcome-based care
Outcome-based information help to share decision making where it includes greater
insight about the outcome and includes more decision making. It also promotes the outcome-
based organization and better access to a relevant technique which can provide better outcome. It
can also provide better access to relevant information for up-to-date outcome information like
using of Information Technology system which offer growing opportunity but also includes
utilization of real-time patient information for guiding personalized treatment (Namoun and et.
al., 2018). This can enable patient to improve their health and allow healthcare professionals to
continuously learn from the personal result. It can also enable them to allow for the
implementation of learning knowledge for an improved and better outcome.
Disadvantage of outcome-based care
It can provide surrogate outcomes which may fail to correlate with real outcomes. It is
not patient centered care and distract from patient-centered care. Here, performance indicator are
based on surrogate outcome test which are not effective and does not provide positive outcome
effectively. In health and social care, outcome-based care can play important role in improving
the service delivery according to based outcome. It can also be helpful to use in health and social
care practices which can allow healthcare professionals to take advantage of the decided
outcome to use in different manner. Within health and social care, outcome-based care can be
helpful and are best suited for a personal situation. It can include the most suitable treatment
which patient required from the healthcare provider.

For example- During working in health and social care setting, there is need to use the
PDSA tool which can allow to work effectively through planning, doing, study and act according
to the response (Stansfield and et. al., 2019). Here, the outcomes care plan can also be effective
through having the expected outcome which are needed to achieve through the help of PDSA
tool. It can enable to improve the quality of service delivery in a continuous manner. With the
help of government policy and regulator requirements, it can provide better utilization of
outcome-based care within the health and social care practices. It can also enable to follow the
legislation which can allow to take in consideration for the best treatment for the patient (Loper
and et. al., 2021).
Person centred care play an important role in improving patient health for the higher
response. It may include patient as a center of the care. Health care professionals should focus to
meet the need operation through the delivery proper care and services. Here, with the help of
Fishone diagram, it can help to visualize for categorizing the potential cause of the problem. This
can enable healthcare professionals to identify problem, root causes which can also enable them
to analyse and use their practices with brainstorming for better treatment of the issue (Hincapie
and et. al., 2021). Through using the continuous quality improvement tool including Plan-Do-
Study-Act and Fishbone, it can enable healthcare professionals and health and social care service
provider for identifying and managing quality delivery within health and social care setting.
Implementing PDSA in teamwork, it can enable them to get motivated about improving
their learning and knowledge. It can enhance them for continuous quality enhancement
initiatives which can allow them to deliver quality service and improve the satisfaction of service
user within health and social care settings.
QUESTION 3
Person-centered care refers to patient who can actively participate in their own medical
treatment with their health professionals. It can also include creating a health plan. It can enable
them to treat and receive healthcare with including respect and dignity which can involve in
disease and about their health (Dohlman and et. al., 2019). The person-centered care approach
have the focus on elements of care treatment and support that matter most for individual patient
their families and careers.
Advantage

It can help an individual to find a suitable way to communicate and maximize the are
quality of care. It can provide improvement in independence (Lussier, 2019). It also provides
benefit for the patient at personal level and encourages to take part in their health decision.
Disadvantage
There is lack of clear description about the patients and measurable behavior related with
the outcome (Abdulrahman and et. al., 2018). There is need for structural changes at the
organizational along with the practice level. It also need more time and specific human resource
to provide care for a patient. There is need for specific healthcare professionals to ensure about
care of the individual patient as patient-centered care.
Person-centered care can enable to focus on patient rights, values, preferences and culture
along with the diversity of service user and their choices. In this, health care professionals need
to ensure about individual rights and value their needs through maintaining dignity through
providing respect to culture and help to meet the basic preferences (Dahlke and et. al., 2018). It
also include their choices and diversity due to different culture, language, ethnicity and many
more.
To motivate team members, there is need for using theories like Maslow’s need theory
which can be effective and provide satisfaction for need. There are 5 level of Maslow’s hierarchy
need which include physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness needs, esteem
needs and self-actualization needs.
Physiological needs include the basic requirement of an individual. Here, a patient need
basic health care services as the physiological need within the health and social care settings
(Seaman and et. al., 2020).
Safety need includes protection from violence, negligence and emotional stability.
Through using Person-centred care, the patient may expect for safety at the health and social care
setting which includes avoidance of negligence, safety from harm and many more.
Love and belongingness needs include establishing better relationships with health care
professionals. During receiving person-centered care, a patient may need to communicate
effectively with their service provider where they should establish better relationships that can
enable them to communicate effectively and share the need of the patient (Lloyd and et. al.,
2020).

Esteem needs include self-respect and potential for accomplishment and growth. Here,
Person-centred care includes the self-esteem need that can help healthcare professionals to
deliver quality care of services that can help to improve their esteem by better performance.
Self-actualization need to describe the full potential of the individual within health and
social care setting. Healthcare providers need of self-actualize which can be effective while
delivering Person-centred care to the patient to meet the patient need through applying and
utilizing their skills.
Here, continuous quality improvement can be used including TDSA and Fishbone that
can allow fulfilling the Person-centred care need (Pirhonen and et. al., 2020). Here, applying the
motivational theory of Maslow’s hierarchy need can motivate health care service providers to
deliver the quality of services and ensure about improved health outcomes.
During the delivery of Person-centred care, healthcare professionals should make a team
who can work simultaneously to care about the individual patient (Stonehouse, 2021). Here,
through meet a patient need through using skill, they can deliver their health care services
effectively to individual patients for better and improved outcomes.
Through using the motivational theory, it can enable health care service providers to improve
teamwork and motivate them to continuously improve their quality enhancement. This can
enable them to achieve quality benchmarks. This can be effective and allow the service user to
satisfy with the quality of care within health and social care settings (Pantelic and et. al., 2018).
CONCLUSION
From above discussion, it can be concluded that quality management in a care setting is
highly effective and need to ensure about the proper delivery of health care services. In this,
there is need to include the team development through maintaining system and structure for
promoting rights and responsibility of service user in Healthcare practices. It also needs to
include continuous quality improvement which can be effective in managing quality care and
improving the outcome for the service user. Through using the motivational theory, it can help to
analyze the need of social care organizations for achieving Person-centred care for the service
user.

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