Research Methods for Service Sector: Quantitative Portfolio Analysis

This report presents a quantitative portfolio analyzing health and safety standards in the service sector. It begins with the design of a questionnaire distributed to 150 participants, covering topics such as age, gender, experience, awareness, and implementation of health and safety measures. The report then applies descriptive statistical analysis to each variable, including mean, median, mode, and standard deviation, providing insights into the demographics and perceptions of workplace health and safety. Finally, the report utilizes Chi-square tests to examine relationships between variables, such as the correlation between maintaining health and safety standards and the occurrence of breakdowns, as well as gender's impact on the perception of challenges faced by organizations due to non-compliance. The analysis reveals significant findings regarding the effectiveness of health and safety measures and the challenges faced by organizations.

Research Methods for the
Service Sector
1

Contents
ASSESSMENT 2: PORTFOLIO: QUANTITATIVE.....................................................................1
The design of a Questionnaire.........................................................................................................1
Statistical testing: Descriptive analysis...........................................................................................2
Variable 1.....................................................................................................................................2
Variable 2.....................................................................................................................................3
Variable 3.....................................................................................................................................4
Variable 4.....................................................................................................................................5
Variable 5.....................................................................................................................................6
Variable 6.....................................................................................................................................7
Variable 7.....................................................................................................................................8
Variable 8.....................................................................................................................................9
Variable 9...................................................................................................................................10
Variable 10.................................................................................................................................11
Statistical Testing: Chi Square Test...............................................................................................12
Test one......................................................................................................................................12
Test two.....................................................................................................................................14
2

ASSESSMENT 2: PORTFOLIO: QUANTITATIVE
The design of a Questionnaire
Name _________
Position at workplace __________
Question 1: Specify your age group
a) Below 25
b) 25 to 35
c) 35 to 45
d) 45 and above
Question 2: Select your Gender
a) Male
b) Female
c) Other
Question 3: How many years of experience do you have of working at your current workplace?
a) Less than a year
b) 1 to 5 years
c) 5 to 8 years
d) 8 years and above
Question 4: Are you aware that every workplace has an implication of maintaining health and
safety standards.
a) Yes
b) No
Question 5: Do you think your workplace maintains health and safety standards.
a) Yes
b) No
Question 6: According to you, what all health and safety standards are maintained by your
3

organisation.
a) First aid
b) CPR resources
c) Fire exit and fire extinguishers
Question 7: Have your workplace ever experienced any health and safety breakdown due to
noncompliance of health and safety standards?
a) Yes
b) No
Question 8: According to you, what is the significance of health and safety standards at a
workplace?
a) Ensures employees’ safety and welfare at work
b) Reduces workplace stress
c) Retains employees
Question 9: If an organisation fails to comply with health and safety standards then what all
challenges they have to face?
a) Deteriorating employment relationship
b) Legal actions
c) Penalties under health and safety act
Question 10: What are the ways by which challenges raised from non-compliance of health and
safety standards can be mitigated?
a) Ensure maintaining health and safety equipment
b) Introduction of HSC provisions
c) Employing separate staff for maintaining HSC compliances
Statistical testing: Descriptive analysis
Variable 1
Descriptive analysis is an analytical tool which helps in developing familiarity with the
distribution of data in a dataset. This tool helps in analysing common associations in variables
and their values in the data. There are various statistical measures which are ascertained by
descriptive analysis; these measures are mean, mode, median, standard deviation, sum, range,
4

variance and more. Using this tool, the data collected by gaining the responses of above
questionnaire has been analysed below.
Statistics
Question 1
N Valid 150
Missing 0
Mean 2.50
Median 2.00
Mode 2
Std. Deviation .925
Minimum 1
Maximum 4
Sum 375
The above descriptive analysis of variable 1 evaluates the frequency of responses related
to the age group of 150 participants of this study. From the analysis, it can be observed that mode
value is 2 implying most of the participants are aged between 25 to 35 and this leads to the
discussion that most of the participants of this study are young adults.
Variable 2
Statistics
Question 2
5

N Valid 150
Missing 0
Mean 1.47
Median 1.00
Mode 1
Std. Deviation .501
Minimum 1
Maximum 2
Sum 220
The above analysis is for the Gender variable which seeks to ask from participants about
their gender. Despite of having three categories, graph is only showing two as the third category
of “Other” is not adopted by any participant. The above graph shows that 80 respondents of this
study are Male and 70 are Females.
Variable 3
Statistics
Question 3
N Valid 150
Missing 0
Mean 2.03
Median 2.00
Mode 2
6

Std. Deviation .878
Minimum 1
Maximum 4
Sum 305
Similar to age and gender, this variable is also a demographic variable that intends to ask
total experience in years from all 150 participants of this study. The minimum experience
category is less than one year and maximum experience category is 8 years and above. The mean
value of this analysis is 2.03 which implies on an average all participants has experience of 1 to 5
years which is enough for being familiar with health and safety measures used in their
workplace.
Variable 4
Statistics
Question 4
N Valid 150
Missing 0
Mean 1.10
Median 1.00
Mode 1
7

Std. Deviation .301
Minimum 1
Maximum 2
Sum 165
The above variable intends to ask from 150 participants of this study that whether they
are aware from the mandatory implication that every organization requires to maintain and
follow health and safety standards. The above analysis shows that 135 among 150 participants
responded affirmatively stating that they are familiar with policies that every organization needs
to follow health and safety standards. By this, it can be said that as the most people have viable
experience, they are educated and knowledgeable that all organization has certain HSC
implications.
Variable 5
Statistics
Question 5
N Valid 150
Missing 0
Mean 1.20
Median 1.00
8

Mode 1
Std. Deviation .401
Minimum 1
Maximum 2
Sum 180
This particular variable seeks to ask participants that whether their organization follows
all health and safety standards or not. This question is included in the analysis to first understand
the level of numbers which take health and safety standards seriously. The responses of this
variable are analyzed in above descriptive analysis. The mode of the above variable is “1”
implying that most of the employees or participants think that their organization follows all
health and safety standards.
Variable 6
Statistics
Question 6
N Valid 150
Missing 0
Mean 3.20
Median 4.00
Mode 4
Std. Deviation 1.111
9

Minimum 1
Maximum 4
Sum 480
The above question is variable 6 which intends to ask from people that what all health and
safety measures are followed at their workplace. The aim of asking this question from the 150
participants it to fulfil the objective 3 which is to identify different methods through which health
and safety measures can be implemented. The most common answers provided by respondents
are First Aid, CPR resources, fire extinguisher and fire exits. These common answers by
participants fulfil the objective 3 has these responses are the different methods through which
organizations fulfil their health and safety implications.
The mode of the above analysis is “4” referring that most of the workplaces has all the
health and safety measures including First Aid, CPR and fire rescue resources.
Variable 7
Statistics
Question 7
N Valid 150
Missing 0
Mean 1.83
Median 2.00
Mode 2
10

Std. Deviation .374
Minimum 1
Maximum 2
Sum 275
Above variable asks the participants of this study that whether their workplace ever
encountered any health and safety breakdown due to noncompliance or not. This variable is
crucial for objective 2 which is to determine the effectiveness of health and safety measures at
the workplace. This variable will help in analysing the effectiveness of HSC measures at
workplaces. The above descriptive statistics shows the mean value of 1.83 and mode value of 2
implying majority and average participants has responded as “No” indicating their organisation
has not encountered any health and safety breakdown due to noncompliance. This analysis has
also fulfilled the objective 2 stating that most of the organization are highly effective when it
comes to maintaining health and safety measures in an organization.
Variable 8
Statistics
Question 8
N Valid 150
Missing 0
Mean 2.13
11

Median 2.00
Mode 3
Std. Deviation .887
Minimum 1
Maximum 3
Sum 320
This variable will help in analyzing the thought process of 150 participants that according
to them what is the major significance of following health and safety standards that can benefit
the organization. The responses of such participants are recorded and analyzed using SPSS and
results of descriptive analysis are attached above. These results shows that mode value is 3
implying that if a workplace fulfills all their health and safety implications then they will be
benefitted by retaining their employees.
Variable 9
Statistics
Question 9
N Valid 150
Missing 0
Mean 2.40
12