Nursing Plan for Aboriginal Diabetes Treatment in Queensland

This report details a nursing plan designed to address the challenges of Type 2 diabetes within the Australian healthcare system, particularly focusing on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations in Queensland. The plan emphasizes the use of nursing care principles and population-based approaches to reduce the impact of diabetes. The report analyzes the prevalence of diabetes, relevant principles and philosophies of community health services, and the importance of cultural competency. It also explores national and international collaborative health practice models, health promotion principles, and the integration of community engagement and partnerships. The plan outlines a health improvement nursing program that includes educational interventions, free health check-ups, and the involvement of dieticians to promote healthy eating habits. The report highlights the need for collaborative and multidisciplinary approaches, considering cultural sensitivity and the use of evidence-based practices to improve health outcomes and ensure sustainability within the community.

Running Head: Nursing Assignment
Nursing Plan for treatment of diabetes 2
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Authors Note

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Introduction
Diabetes has been considered as one of the most challenging health issues of the
Australian Healthcare System. Nursing care plan and principles can act as a helpful
intervention for reducing the number of affected people. Nurses will help people to get rid of
some severe factors, which are responsible for diabetes. In Australia, older people are more
tend to suffer from Diabetes type 2. People over 2-year age in aboriginal and Torres island
population. This essay will focus on the Aboriginal and Torres island people in Queensland.
8.8% of Aboriginal people and 7% of Torres Strait Islander people are reported as affected by
diabetes (Burrow & Ride, 2016). The nursing plan will analyse how the population-based
approach can prevent diabetes. The national and international collaborative model will help
improve the performance of the healthcare sector. The essay will discuss health promotion
principles for the betterment of health services for diabetes.
Discussion
Concepts related to Diabetes 2 in Australia
Diabetes mellitus is responsible for reducing the level of insulin, which is essential for
the conversion of glucose into energy in the human body. As per reports, due to the effect of
two types of diabetes, 4839 deaths have been observed in Australia. Records have shown that
the rate of diabetes increased by increasing age. The rate of diabetes was 3.3% in 2004, and it
increased up to 5.1% during 2014-15(Einarson et al., 2018). Diabetes is more common and
frequent in males rather than females. This disease has an impact on older adults more than
another age group in a different population. Between two types of diabetes, type 2 is more
common in people of Australia. Type 2 diabetes has been observed 0.6% more than type 1
diabetes in the population of Australia. Obese people are prone to diabetes type 2 and the rate
of the tendency of diabetes type 2 in obese people. Approximately 1 in 8 aboriginal people or

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more precisely 46200 individuals are affected by type 2 diabetes (HealthInfoNet et al., 2019).
Reports have revealed that the indigenous people are 3 to 4 times more prone to that of non-
indigenous people. The indigenous people are in a greater risk of diabetes, and the reasons
behind this increased risk are obesity, decreased rate of physical exercises, poor nutritional
habits and increasing ageing population. Maximum of aboriginal people prefer lifestyle and
exposed westernised culture. As a result, they prefer low-fibre supplements, fat and sugar-
rich foods, which affect the metabolism of the human body (Jones & Clarke, 2018).
Principles and philosophies related to local community health services
Australian healthcare services have different principles and philosophies for treating
the Aboriginal Torres Island people. The principles and guidelines are for avoiding mortality
and morbidity in the aboriginal population. The healthcare providers should consider cultural,
social and historical factors during the treatment of Aboriginal and Torres island people.
Culturally competent patient care will improve initial communication, language familiarity,
eye contact, information gathering, and experiences in hospitals (Betancourt et al., 2016).
Medical examination, diagnosis and treatment, administration of medication and pain
management are some of the aspects of clinical care, which are included in the guidelines for
the treatment of Aboriginal people. Traditional treatments, decision-making and informed
consent, should be included in the treatment plan of Aboriginal people (Gall et al., 2018).
End of life care is another parameter, which is included in the Guidelines of Aboriginal
patient care (Kelley et al., 2018). Cultural barriers are one of the prominent obstacles faced
by the nurses during the treatment of aboriginal people. National Improvement Framework
for diabetes has developed the best ways for the treatment of diabetes in Aboriginal and
Torres people. Suitable principles and philosophies are followed during the execution of the
nursing program. The health care program will maintain cultural competency for treating
diabetes among the aboriginal people. Cultural diversity should be considered by prominent

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features of the Australian Health Care System. Cultural insensitivity and poor interpretation
of the condition of the patients can affect both the conditions of health consumers and their
family (Castro et al., 2016). Cultural competence should be maintained at the individual
level, organisational level and in the hospital management level. Cultural awareness,
knowledge and contexts should be maintained during treatment. Registered nurses should
conduct a comprehensive and systematic assessment.
National and International Collaborative health practice models
According to WHO, primary health care can cover the maximum amount of an
individual’s health requirements in their entire life. Interventions related to chronic diseases,
prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care. Half of the world’s population is still
under the lack of coverage of essential health services. Primary health care models are well
developed and well-positioned for responding to the economic, technological and
demographic changes (Castro et al., 2016). The health awareness program will maintain
national and international collaborative health practice. The following models will be
followed by the health awareness program. Treating people and the communities to cure
their health complications and critical understanding of health conditions are the key factors
of primary health care services. Systems related to the primary healthcare services should
strengthen its facilities to fulfil the goals. The goals to meed the sustainable development and
covcerage of universal health attributes are important for better and stronger primary health
care system. In this context, the system to provide primary health care focuses on reducing
poverty, hunger, education, gender equality, clean water and sanitation. Work and economic
growth, reduction of inequality and climate actions are the part of primary health care
systems. The primary healthcare sector must involve multi-professional aspects. Sustainable
public health care services are provided to the rural areas of different remote communities
number of significant environmental factors. The policies and framework of government for

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healthcare sectors support that legislation, governance, management, leadership, and linkages
(Wakerman et al., 2017). Physical infrastructure, equipment and technology should be
provided to primary health care.
Primary health care principles should consist of accessibility, appropriate
sustainability and appropriateness. The traditional models of healthcare services are not cost-
effective and too small to support a large number of patients. As a result, clients have to go to
hospitals in urban areas. Small health care sectors are unable to provide better and developed
facilities to isolated settlements. A team-based approach is very popular among patients of
chronic diseases. There are certain components, which are necessary for supply the medical
equipment and fulfil the demand of adequate workforce. The model consists of physicians,
non-physicians and other health professionals. WHO has proposed a team-based care
approach model and the model was applied to different cases in several countries (Flaherty &
Bartels, 2019).
Collaborative care models can reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as
hypertension and a high risk of diabetes. On diabetes management, America has opted for the
collaborative care model for diabetes management. Trained healthcare workers community
are usually involved in diabetes care management and prevention. Cultural Collaborative
Care program includes the cultural care quality with healthcare services. National Primary
Health Care Strategic Framework can promote new approaches for Commonwealth, state,
territories to work in a better environment to integrate health care in a care setting (Smith et
al., 2018). The existing system includes primary healthcare services for the development of
certain health conditions such as drugs and alcohol abuse, asthma, sexual health and diabetes.
Health condition of any person and even a community can be highly influenced by the Social
determinants of health (Quansah et al., 2016). It also implies the sustainability of health of the

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community and accessibility to the healthcare. The sustainability and accessibility of health
services are included in the health care framework.
Health promotion principles
There are certain principles, which are the reasons for the success of primary health
care services. The genuine local indigenous community, cooperative methods, distribution of
fundamental primary health care program are some principles of primary healthcare services.
Multidisciplinary team approaches include the principles of primary healthcare services.
Australian healthcare reform alliance has some values or principles, for example; vision,
mission, principles, equity, efficiency, universality, quality and access for better healthcare
facilities. The program for combating type 2 diabetes in the region of Queensland includes
these collaborative models and frameworks. The program will consider collaborative
approaches and delivery of core primary healthcare services. Multidisciplinary approaches
should be considered in evidence-based practice treatment for aboriginal patients. Therefore,
the health care policy is established and measured against community values, and the
Australian community drives the health care system. Community engagement and partnership
in treatment are two important factors for treating type 2 diabetes in the aboriginal people of
Queensland. In Australia, Closing the Gap framework is responsible for reducing
disadvantages in the health system of Aboriginal and Torres Islander people. ACCHS plays
an important role in training and medical workforce among Aboriginal people. ACCHSs
promote the best practice care and social care with cross-government sector initiative and
investment.
Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services in Australia focuses on early
interventions, prevention and comprehensive care, which reduced the barriers related to

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accessing health care facility and unconscious racism (Gomersall et al., 2017). These health
services are significant for primary health care consistency and patient medical home model.
As more than 60% of the Aboriginal population resides outside of metropolitan centres, the
health services help them to avail all health facilities for them (Panaretto et al., 2017).
Health improvement nursing program
The aboriginal people can survive in the scarcity of foods, and this can act against
their body metabolism. The ability to fast or to survive with a small number of foods will
increase body weight and high blood pressure with heart disease. Poor nutritional food habit
and westernised lifestyle increase the tendencies of high rates of obesity, disturbed glucose
tolerance, high blood `pressure, higher levels of fats in the blood and excessive insulin levels
in the blood (Brouns, 2018). 5% of the population of Queensland adults are affected, and 7%
of people who are 25 years older than that age group (Soriano et al., 2017). Obesity is one of
the major risk factors for developing diabetes type 2, and obese people are four times prone
that of non-obese people. More than 191000 people are affected by type 2 diabetes, and
93000 are remained undiagnosed. In Queensland, 60 people are affected by type 2 diabetes
every day (Lazzarini et al., 2015).
WHO recognises to achieve the optimum success of the primary health care system
all ages, gender and ethnicity should be involved (Roglic, 2016). AHCRA states that every
individual should support to achieve his or her potential, ethnicity and location are considered
for equity (Asante et al., 2016). Social inequalities include education, employment and social
engagement. According to the reports, indigenous Australian adults are more likely to be
affected than their non-indigenous counterparts are. Community engagement, campaign and
partnership in treatment are needed to reduce or control type 2 diabetes in Aboriginal people
in Queensland. The recommended program engages aboriginal people of Queensland who are

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affected by type 2 diabetes. The program should involve an educational intervention program
and free health check-up program. Campaigns help to increase awareness among aboriginal
diabetic patients. This program will follow Aboriginal Community Controlled Health
Services to improve the condition of diabetes.
A dietician should be appointed to the program for promoting aboriginal diet among
the patients. A collaborative model can be used as a recommended model for a treatment
program for combating diabetes type 2. The multidisciplinary model will be beneficial for the
aboriginal people of Queensland. To treat Aboriginal and Torres island people, health
workers should know the local language and respect their traditions or beliefs regarding
health. Understanding local languages can remove the barrier related to the ethnicity of the
Aboriginal people. Collaborative health care facility has five crucial components; for
example; patient-centred team care, measurement-based treatment to target, evidence-based
care and accountable care. The recommended program should include health promotion
principles such as community engagement and partnerships in treatment. Healthcare and non-
healthcare professionals should be involved in the multidisciplinary approach of the
collaborative model. National Primary Health Care Strategic Framework and Culturally
competent patient care should be regarded as a part of the health promotion programs. This
framework can improve the impacts of different health conditions for every Australians. The
framework promoted equity for accessing all health care services and designs a better
approach of the full range of healthcare services. ACCHSs are considered for the program to
enhance awareness among aboriginal people (Sherriff et al., 2016). This program will help
patients to increase preventive awareness regarding type 2 diabetes among aboriginal people.
Patient discharge related information, for example, discharge against medical advice, are
considered in the Guidelines of patient care.

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Conclusion
The essay concludes about awareness program for diabetes type 2 among the
aboriginal people of Queensland. Culturally competent or capable patient care should be
provided to the aboriginal and Torres island people. The team-based approach involves the
patient’s families and communities. The model shares different goals to accomplish patient
safety and care. The existing system includes primary healthcare services for the
development of certain health conditions such as drugs and alcohol abuse, asthma, sexual
health and diabetes. The recommended program engages aboriginal people of Queensland
who are affected by type 2 diabetes. The program for combating type 2 diabetes in the region
of Queensland includes these collaborative models and frameworks. The program will
consider collaborative approaches and delivery of core primary healthcare services.

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