Analysis of Organisational Behaviour at Radisson Hotel Group: Report

This report provides an in-depth analysis of organisational behaviour within the Radisson Hotel Group. It begins by examining the influence of culture, power, and politics on individual and team performance, utilizing theories like Handy's cultural typology and French and Raven's power theory. The report then delves into content and process theories of motivation, specifically focusing on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and its application within Radisson. It explores how motivational techniques enable effective goal achievement, considering factors such as physiological needs, safety, belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. The report highlights how Radisson can leverage these theories to foster a positive work environment, enhance employee performance, and ultimately achieve its organisational objectives.

Organisation
Behaviour

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour is related to study of behabiour of human being who is
working in an organisation. It is mainly related to the interact individual or group members
with each other as well as organisation behaviour involve concern related to understanding,
production, predicating and control of particular person behaviour within workplace (Chumg
And et.al, 2016). Along with this, research related to organisational behaviour assist in
conducting day to day activities within effective manner and also analysis staff member’s
performance. This assignment is based on Radisson which is international chain of Radisson
hotel group. It is founded in 1909 and its is working within hospitality, hotel and tourism
industry. Headquarter of respective hotel is at Minnetonka, Minnesota, United States. Topics
which are included in respective report are impact of politics, culture as well as power on
others behaviours, method of motivation in order to achieve goal and objective. In addition to
this, it involves implementation of organisational behaviour within an organisation and how
to develop effective team or group.
TASK 1
P1 Organisation’s culture, power and politics influence individual as well as team behaviour
and performance
Within a company power, values and politics of workplace directly effects on
performance of employees. For analysis these factors Radisson Hotel utilise several theories
as well as methods like, for culture company will use Handy's four classes, for power they
use French and raven theory and so on.
Influence of culture - Culture influence is related to historical, geographical as well
as familiar factors which gives impact on Organisation. Although, Culture is a set of values,
ideas, anti facts or other meaningful gestures which assist individuals to communicate and
interpret in the company. It helps to provide a common identity, common understanding and
values. Charles Handy has explained culture if four different types in Handy Cultural
Typology. They are as follows: Power culture – This is related with capabilities of an employee for influencing other
peoples who are working in an company for achieving organisational goals in
effective manner. Within several organisation power of decision making are given to

few peoples only and other have to follow the rules and regulation given by them for
doing work. Alomng with this, Radisson make to make sure that power is given to
such people who have skills as well as capabilities of effectual decision making. This
result in influencing individual and team because power result in accomplishing goals
and objectives of organisation. Although, performance of staff memeber will get
enhance when manager have power to influence them. Task culture – It is kind of typology which impact performance of staff members as
well as organisation in that team are formed for accomplishing objectives or for
resolving issues consider as task culture (Wood And et.al., 2016). Moreover, in this
culture people who have similar specialisation as well as common interest get
combined together for forming team. There are mainly 10 to 15 members in team of
Radisson hotel and they can adopt task culture so that member of every team
contribute equally for achieving work in effective manner. Task culture give impact
on behaviour of team members or individual because everyone know their duties
which help in performing task within effective manner. This result in getting work
done within effective manner when work is assigned to them. Person culture – This type states that an individual is extremely focused on himslef
instead of organisation because individual join organisation for earning money as well
never get attached with Radisson. Respective organisation utilise person culture for
creating values, focused towrds individual and engage staff members for meeting self
actualisation needs. In addition to this, such type of culture is implemented within
company while activities such as inequality take place within organisation when
individual is focusing on their work instead of conern about team memebers. It gives
negative impact and reduce team working and effect relation of employees towrds
each other.
 Role culture – Here responsibilities and duties are assigned to staff memebers
according to their qualification, specification and interest area. Radisson Hotel have to
use role culture so that daily basis task will be assigned to employees according to
their specilisation in order to its accomplishment within effectual manner. Such
practices result in motivating staff members as well as doing work in effective manner
because activities are assigned to them according their capabilities of doing work.

Thus, Radisson Hotel have to adopt role culture in their workings so that roles and
responsbilities are alloted or given to staff members according to their qualification, interest
area, skills and so on.
Influence of Power – Power is related to capabilities having within individual for
influencing others. Although, poer is related to the ability of getting their work done by other
peoples with the motive of accomplishing goals in effective manner. Coercive power - It is related to the coercion which means that individual is forced
by superiors within organisation for performing their task. Within this power
individual have capabilities for punishing other staff members and use fear as an
motivation tool for getting work done by others (Coccia, 2015). As such prcatices
result in negative impact on organisation because through forcefull activities work
will be get done by others. Reward power – In this power work will be assigned to individual members in
exchange of any rewards. Reward power is opposite to the coercive power as well as
Radisson Hotel can use Reward power for encouraging employyes and develop their
performance by offering them types of rewards. These will be in the form of cash and
non-cash such as incentives, holiday packages, bonus promotion and so on. Such
practices give positive impact on individual and team behaviour because by such
rewards they will feel motivated to do work in effective manner. Legitimate power – It is related to the feel found in individual as they feel responsible
towards management. Legitimate power help general manager of Radisson Hotel in
providing power or responsibility of every person according to their post within
organisation. By implementing such power resources will be in controlled and
rewards as well as punishment system also. With the assistance of this individual and
every team memeber both can take decisiuons as per position so they can perform
work in effectual manner.
 Referent power – This is consider as an personality, personal as well as charismatic
power (Kitchin, 2017). Referent power is related to individual personality which
result in attracting people. Manager of Radisson Hotel utilise respective power for
attrcting their employees so they will obey manager and perform task in effective
manner.

Influences of politics – It is related to the unofficial, informal efforts made by the
employees of organisation for selling their thoughts as well as increase power and result in
achieving another targeted objectives. Moreover, staff memebers of a company are concerned
with politics which influence performance of workers and entire team (Jacobs and Manzi,
2019). Politics effect the working emnvironment of Radisson Hotel by result in minimising
effectivness of organisation and employees. Along with this, it also effect on individuals
behaviour and team explanation is as follows :- Minimise the productivity – Politics result in reducing productivity of particular
person and entire team. Because in this less attention is paid towards task which result
in getting fail for accmplishing targets within specified time period.
 Maintain decorum – It is important for an organisation to organise decorum in
effective manner. So that individual and team members will perform their day to day
activities in effective manner with the motive of accomplishing goals and objectives.
Hofstede's six dimesions of culture – It is framework for cross cultural
communication introduced by Greet Hofstede as well as generally this theory describes the
impact of society culture on the value of members. Along with this, how these value will
related to the behaviour. There are dimensions of culture such as :-
 Power distance index (high versus low) – PDI high scores shows that society accept
unequal, hierarchical distribution of power and people who understand their place in
the system. Whereas, low PDI means power is shared as well as widly dispersed and
society members will not accept situation in which power is distributed unequally.
 Individualism versus Collectivism – It is related to the strength of the ties which
individual have to others within their community. High value placed on people's time
and their need for privacy and freedom. Whereas, low IDV Emphasis on building
skills and becoming master of something.
 Masculinity Versus Femininty – It is related to the distribution of roles within mens
and womens. Within masculine society, role of womens and mens overlap less as well
as mens are expected to behave asswrtively.
 Uncertainty Avoidance index (high versus low) – This cultural dimens reflect that
how well individaual can cope with anxiety.

 Long versus short-term orientation - This dimension was originally explained as
"Pragmatic Versus Normative (PRA)." It is related to the time horizon people within
the society display.
TASK 2
P2 How content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable
effective achievement of goals in an organisation
The content theory of motivation - This consists of many motivational theories that
are practised by managers and leaders to inspire the workforce. The content theory is the
earliest theories of motivation. Different types of theories included in content theory are,
Management assumptions (theory X and Theory Y), McClellends Need for achievement,
ERG theory, affiliation, Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and power and Herzberg's Two factor
theory. In context to Radisson, the motivational theory used by management of this
organisation is Maslow's Hierarchy of needs.
This theory is instroduced by Maslow in the year 1954. According to this, employees
are motivated by different levels of satisfaction. The various kind of needs explained by
Maslow in this theory are lower, middle and higher level of needs.

(The New Hierarchy of Needs — Maslow’s, 2018)
Physiological needs- These are related to basic requirements which human needs for
survival such as food, air, drink, clothing, shelter, sleep, etc. The employees of company can
feel motivated when they are having all basic amenities and good life. In respect of
Radisson, the manager should make sure that their employees physiological needs are
fulfilled in food, shelter, water etc. These facilities helps employees to retain in company for
long, make them motivate which in turn let them to contribute more towards the achievement
of organisational goals.
Safety needs- Other needs of an individual are safety needs. It is very important for
people to be safe from threats and danger (Elsmore, 2017). Radisson provides their
employees a safe and secure environment to work and provide them secuity neeeds such
health insurance, life insurance, workmen compensation fund and so on which make their
future income safe.
Illustration 1: Maslow's Hierarchy of needs

Love and belongingness- This level of needs are affection needs. This interpersonal
relationships need motivates the behaviour of employees. In context of Radisson, the
company provides positive work culture and good relations among all employees. This will
let employees to share their problems with their colleagues and will feel motivated to
contribute towards personal as well as organisational goals. A positive and healthy
environment in a company makes employees to retain for long period. In addition to this the
company must also organise events, parties where employees will become familiar with each
other and build strong bonds as well as organisation must also provide vacation to their
employees.
Esteem needs- The esteem needs are classified into two types of needs i.e. esteem of
an individual and expecting for respect from others. Maslow provides a good working
environment and employees have respect for each other. In context of Radisson, while
making any decision employees keep each other views and opinion in minds and respect
them. Due to this employees dont hestiate in sharing thier views in front of other members.
Self actualisation- This is the self actualisation stage of need of an individual.
Employees of Radisson are motivated for achieving their goals and targets in life. In context
of Radisson, employees themselves use their ideas on how they can make their work more
productive which will help them in getting promotion, appraisal from their superiors, bonus
and so on. The manager must give proper training to thier employees which will increase
organisation productivity as well as enhance knowledge and skills of employees
Two factor theory – This theory has been states that there are two factors which an
organisation can adjust for influencing motivation within workplace. The two factors are
motivators and hygiene explanation of these are as follows :-
 Motivator – He/she play important role in conducting daily basis operations within
effective manner. As they motivate employees to work hard.
 Hygiene factors – This factor don't encourage staff members to do hard work but it
may result in becoming them unmotivaed if it is not present. Thus, it is important for
company to have proper hygiene.
Motivation is the term which inspire employees for performing their work in effective
manner with the motive of its accomplishing their objectives. Their are content and process
theories which will use by manager of Radisson Hotel that will result in employees

motivation and accomplishing goals and objectives (Sendjaya And et.al., 2019). Maslow's is
motivation theory and it play important role in increasing motivation level of staff members
because with the assiststance of it basic need and want of customer will get satisfdied as well
as along with basis self esteem need also. Although, it help in incraesing staff members
motivation through modifying managerial as well as organisational practices for enhnacing
likelihood which staff members will get accomplish all level of needs. Maslow’s theory has
also helped managers in understanding that it is hard to motivate people by appealing to
already-satisfied needs.
Process theory – There are several process theories such as vroom's expectancy
theory skinner's reinforcement, adam's equity theory and so on. Manager of Radission hotel
will implement Vroom's expectancy theory which is mention below:-
Vroom expectancy theory – It is based on behaviour, skills and personality of staff
members within company. This theory will be implemented by manager of Radisson hotel to
gain better outcomes and provide good as well as services to customer in effective manner.
There are three instrument of respective theory are mention below :- Expectancy – In this instrument when personnel work within team they have to see
how goals and objectives will be manupulated for gaining desried outcomes within
organisation. In respect of Radisson, managers of the company guide their team
members how organisational goals and objective have to be achieved, support
members and provide them resources that are needs which will help them to produce
better results. Instrumentality – In this instrument rewards are based on the performance of
employees which gained by them according to work. thus, manager of Radisson hotel
give reawrds according to their working criteria so that desried outcomes will be
gained. In context of Radisson, the managers of company assure employees that if
they perform well and bring desired outcomes then they will be receiving rewards in
the form of bonus, incntives and promotion.
 Valence – In this instrument manager of respective hotel assist employees to work in
team so better decision will be taken for getting better outcomes. Moreover, workers
will gain rewards according to their performance which help in incresing productivity.

In Radisson, the manager must evaluate the values of their employees and assign them
task accordingly which will satisfy their personal needs.
Equity theory – It is process theory of motivation which is developed by behavioural
psychologist John Stacey Adams in 1962. this theory says that staff member within
organisation get motivated through fair treatment and it also promote them to behave fairly
with other. Radisson Hotel have to implement equity theory within their working so they can
motivate their employees in effective manner by treating them fairly. Thus, such practices
will motivate employees and result in increasing productivity of company as well as their
profit maximisation ration also. For example: if conflict situation arise in an organisation then
manager of Radisson must listen to both parties and then take decision on its basis. They also
needs to provide compensation to employees on basis of their skills and position in the
organisation so thet they make tem motivated towards organisational goals and objectives.
From above it is concluded that Radisson must apply Maslow Hierarchy of Theory as
this thoery fulfil all the need of employees whether to provide food, shelter, health insurance
and so on. By applying this theory employees get familiar and healthy environment in an
organisation where they free themselves in motivating each other and shares their problems.
TASK 3
P3 what make an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
In an organisation team plays an important role in accomplishing their objectives and
goals within effective manner (Mickan and Boyce, 2018). Team is basically a group of
people with different skills and capabilities who work together for accomplishing
predetermined objectives. Along with this, it is responsibility of Radission Hotel manager to
build team after identifying skills, qualification as well as ability of doing work. Because it
will result in building effective team and there is wide difference within productive and
unproductive team (Effective vs. Ineffective Teams, 2019). Explanation of these are as
follows:-
Basis Effective team Ineffective team
Meaning Effective team is the
foundation of every
successful organisation
because it helps in
Ineffective team are those
whose goals are not clear as
well as members are not
preparing for doing work.

accomplishing goals and
objectives.
Goals Goals within effective team
are clarified as well as
modified so that best possible
match within individual goals
and group will accomplish in
effective manner (Cejka and
Mohelska, 2017).
Goals within ineffective
team are imposed on
members and their motive is
to work for achieving
organisational goals.
Communication Within effective team
communication is two way
each and every member can
give their opinions.
Communication within
ineffective team is always
one way and ideas are only
expressed as well as feelings
are ignored.
Decision Decision making within
effective team directly
matched with situation and
different method will be used
for making judgement.
Decision are taken by higher
level authority and there is
no role of other staff
members within it.
Participation and leadership Leadership and participation
is distributed within all group
members such as
achievement of goals,
internal team decisions and
development.
Leadership is based or
delegated through higher
authority.
Moreover, organisation use several methods as well as theories for developing effectual
team so with the assistance of this, they can achieve predetermined objectives and goals.
Thus, Radission Hotel is implementing Belbin’s and Tuckman theory assists about propensity
of team members. In addition to this, respective theory affects relation of team members in
the company. Explanation of these are as follows :-
Belbin's theory: