Comparative Study of Microprocessors: RCA 1802 and Intersil 6100

This report provides a comparative analysis of two early microprocessors: the RCA 1802 and the Intersil 6100. The report begins with an introduction to microprocessors, defining their core components such as the CPU, input/output, and memory, and then delves into the specifics of each processor. The RCA 1802, known for its CMOS technology and applications in microcomputer systems, product integration, radiation hardening, and space technology, is discussed in detail. The Intersil 6100, a 12-bit microprocessor also using CMOS, and its widespread use in various electronic devices are also explored. The report highlights the applications of both microprocessors, ranging from early microcomputers and scientific devices to modern applications in military, medical, and consumer electronics. The conclusion emphasizes the significance of CMOS technology in both processors and suggests the Intersil 6100's broader applicability. The report is supported by references to external resources and lecture notes.

Introduction
the microprocessor is integrating most of the computer
functions central process unit (CPU) into an only one sole
integrated ( small chips ). Computer processor has been built from
small and medium-sized integrated circuits containing the
equivalent of hundreds of transistors. Thus, fully integrating CPU
into one chip greatly reduces processing capacity cost.
Now, what is a microprocessor? it comprises of three basic parts
1. (CPU) Central Processing Unit: Performs necessary
mathematical and logical operations and controls the timing
and general Full system operation.
2. Input and output:
Input devices are used to give the data and information to
the CPU
Output devices are used to present that data which is given
by the input .
3. memory: It save any information and data that come from
the input and it is the most important part of the microchip.
What are inside microprocessors? There are around four main
parts which are
1. Busses ( address, data, and control ) Bus
2. Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU)
3. Internal Registers
4. Instruction Decoder and Control Unit.
RCA and Intersil
RCA introduced (COSMAC), and it is an 8-bit microprocessor
family, which is known before as (CMOS). first two-slice pattern
known as (CDP1801R) and (CDP1801U), and then they combined
these two slices into (CDP.1802), and today it is known as RCA
1802.
Intersil 6100 is a single-chip microprocessor with 12-bit PDP-
8, that family which is ( 6100 ) created using the ( CMOS ) in
place of dipolar, and the most of ( 8080, 6800, 9900, etc.) have
been used by ( NMOS ) technologies.

RCA referred to the (CMOS) cycle as ( a silicon-metal oxide
semiconductor ), offering it to ascend to truncation (COS), and
(MAC), which was after that reformulated as an "integral
homogeneous exhibit PC" when alluding to the processor.
The 6100 was accessible for military use, is a double source
than the previous, and has been utilized in military items as a
lower power option to the ( 8080, 6800 ), and so forth.
the 1802's Successors are the CDP ( 1804, 1805, and 1806 ),
which contain an all-inclusive guidance set, and other improved
highlights, ( for example, built-in timer, and on-chip RAM and
ROM), with certain variants running at quicker hour speeds,
however a sorry contrast in the speed. A few highlights are
additionally lost, for example, the DMA loader work. There are
additionally some changes to the usefulness, however, lines keep
on being created in the 40-pin unique double bar (DIP) design.
Although the Intersil 6100 family contained simple instructions
and an engineering suite, it ware clearly appropriate to used in an
embed system that had been used before with logic discrete
circuits. Or with a motor from Ledex.
RCA applications.
1. Microcomputer systems: some of the microcomputers were
based on the (1802). besides, the RCA video game was the first to
use that time bitmap graphic. The (Edukit) is a single board
computer training system, which was the same as the (COSMAC.
Elf) spanning system, and it was introduced by (Modus Systems).
2. Product integration: the ( 1802 ) use in scientifically devices
too. and the production commercial, and it was used in the
manufacture of many games also some of the car company use
Electronic Lean-Burn System on their cars.
3. Radiation hardening: it is extremely low-power abilities, and
furthermore, the 1802 was accessible manufactured in ( Silicon on
Sapphire ) innovation which gives it a level of protection from
radiation and electrostatic release, so the chip was good to use in
space shuttles and military or army applications.
4. Space technology and science: Space Science and
Technology 1802 has been used with the various space shuttle

and space science plans, testes, the ventures, and modules, for
example, the (Galileo shuttle), and different satellites like satellites
circling around the Earth, and satellites conveyer the radio waves.
The NASA company source documents verified that 1802 was also
used by the Hubble Space Telescope.
Intersil applications.
1- Those used in work such as laptop and desktop computers,
display screens, DVD players, and televisions
2- Smart devices such as cell phones and all their products
such as fingerprint buttons, speakers, motherboard, data
adapters
3- Cars, airplanes, and ships
4- Military devices and satellites
5- Medical devices such as medical imaging devices
6- Games and electronic game systems
7- MP3 players, recorders, operational amplifiers, GPS
systems, LCD devices, DSL applications, and their high-
speed reflectors
8- Energy management devices, whether in computers, medical
devices, or in broadband
9- Generators of all kinds, such as solar panels, basic power
devices, power management for the server and devices
10- All sensors such as optical sensors
11- Networks, also communications of all kinds, whether
communication stations or communication between humans
through smartphones or other devices
12- Automation of factories and electronic production lines
Specific application and proprietary products for general
purposes

Conclusion.
In the end, in my opinion in this comparison is that the Intersil and
RCA all use CMOS. for 6100 families, it is produced by using it,
and for the RCA it referred to it.
And the best in this comparison is Intersil because the uses of its
applications are present in almost all electronic devices that have
been manufactured and that will be manufactured, whether in
working life, health, military, entertainment, or production. And one
of that families is an RCA could be portrayed as another landmark
to insufficiencies in customary examination ideas and systems,
and their inevitable outcome examination measure
disappointments as exhibited by the RCA worksheet records, and
we do not say that the RCA is not good enough because it is one
of the first in the microprocessor and it is one of the essentials in
the microprocessor families
all microprocessors families are One of the main innovations to
innovation given their impact on technologic designing.
In general, the microphone is one of the best inventions or let's say
the discoveries that have shortened many things and through
which man was able to develop and scientists were able to invent
devices or develop them to make our lives easier

Reference
[1]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersil_6100
[2]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCA_1802#Introduction
[3]
https://www.ukessays.com/essays/information-technology/what-is-
microprocessor-information-technology-essay.php
[4]. https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/intersil
[5]. the lecture note
[6
]http://www.science.smith.edu/~jcardell/Courses/EGR328/Reading
s/uProc%20Ovw.pdf