Discussing Recovery Principles in Mental Health Care (CNA256, 2020)

This essay delves into the multifaceted aspects of mental health, encompassing both mental well-being and mental illness. It provides a historical overview of mental health problems, highlighting their impact on individuals and society. The essay emphasizes the significance of the 'Recovery' approach in mental health care, discussing its key principles and practical applications. It also explores the challenges faced by individuals during their recovery journey, including social injustices, stigma, and barriers to full participation in society. The essay examines contemporary strategies, such as interpersonal relations, rehabilitation features, and healthcare professional engagement, to improve mental health outcomes. It also addresses issues related to migrant populations and the need for sustainable, evidence-based interventions. The conclusion underscores the evolving understanding of mental health and the crucial role of healthcare professionals in supporting individuals facing psychological distress.

Running head: MENTAL HEALTH
Issues in Mental Health
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author Note:

1MENTAL HEALTH
Introduction
Mental health is defined as its two aspects. It is either defined as mental wellbeing or
mental illness. Mental wellbeing is defined as the state where the individuals are in a state of
understanding and analysing there self-ability to cope with life duties, depression and stress
in their regular life. It is also defined as a state when an individual is productive and
contributive towards them and as well to their community (www.who.int, 2020).
On the other hand, there lies the term of mental illness which defines a state where an
individual suffers from lack of concentration to productively contribute towards the society
and their community. It is designated when an individual suffers from a lack of mental well-
being for making proper decisions due to anxiety, depression, unconsciousness and
aggressiveness (Gilmour. 2014).
All over, the article discusses the mental well-being and states of mental illness in an
individual. Besides, it also discusses the strategies to recover it and sums up the challenges
one faces during their recovery.
Historical Background of Mental Health Problems and Their Impact
Mental illness is considered a disparity where a huge range of unconditioned
challenges with certain abilities and symptoms exist (Corrigan and Kosyluk. 2014). It has
been a common saying over times that “A Healthy mind in A Healthy Body”. Over times
cognitive illness had been considered as the taboo in several regions, considering the illness
as a curse to the society. Moreover, homosexuality was also considered as a taboo in several
communities and even now, it is considered as the same (www.dandc.eu, 2020).
Based on Asclepius philosophy, the approach towards the natural methods of
treatment was undertaken by Hippocrates. The Greek scientist believed that the science of

2MENTAL HEALTH
nature could present the best medicine to any disease and even for mental distress. The theory
by Hippocrate told that the power of observation could recognise any disease and probable
interventions can be drawn based on certain interventions. Hippocrates consider the spine and
the nervous system are interconnected and can intervene in any body fiunction. Base on his
theory he also described that the natural medecines could intervene in any disease and also
the theuraptic treatment can prove immediate interventions towards certain factors such as
quality of life, psychological illness and diet. Classifying the mental illness based on their
disorders, the prime factors that contribute towards mental illness are anxiety, stress, unable
to control the behavior or thinking process, judging self-personality or trial towards attaining
others' personality or having an immense change in moods that may transfer the personality
of an individual was a partial conclusion in the theories of Hippocrates (Kleisiaris,
Sfakianakis, and Papathanasiou. 2014).
Key aspects of Recovery Approach towards Mental Health
It was often noticed that individuals with psychological distress often becomes the
victim of social injustice — the certain impacts their status, either financially, economically,
socially, or politically. Moreover, psychiatric diagnosis can also create barriers or hindrances
to full-time employment. These obstacles to full participation in society, politics, and the
economy can be characterized as a redistributive justice issue. Psychiatric diagnoses also
make it possible for consumers and survivors to experience degraded identities. This is,
therefore, a problem of recognition, which stigmatizes a specific group in a normally framed
"negative" aspect of identity. The way psychiatric terminology defines is deficit-laden and
pathologizing is among the sources of this devaluation (Harper and Speed. 2014).
While there is tremendous enthusiasm for the rehabilitation method in mental health,
it is not without its skepticism. The analysis of several pieces of the literature shows that,

3MENTAL HEALTH
while many models of recovery recognize relationships or connectivity as a part of the
recovery process, an overemphasis on the "inner" subjective experiences of people with lived
mental illness largely obscures the recovery through interpersonal context. The most
consistent criticism is based on individualism and promotes many principles of recovery.
Throughout greater detail, interpersonal interactions can be seen as enveloping all aspects of
healing, including emotions of optimism, identification, confidence (Price-Robertson,
Obradovic, and Morgan. 2017).
Contemporary strategies of mental health are designed to encourage involvement and
appreciation. To determine how the principles of contemporary models of mental health care
are embedded in practice, this review aims in our current understanding of how service users
encounter and endorse. A comprehensive Web of Science search was conducted for
information published in the Cochrane Database, Science Direct, EBSCO host, PsycINFO,
PsycARTICLES, Social Sciences Full Text, and the United Kingdom and Ireland Reference
Centre, between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2012. 272609 papers were found during
the initial search. The authors employed a step-by-step approach and applied pre-determined
inclusion/exclusion criteria, reducing the number of papers to 34. The included research
covered data extraction, consistency assurance, and thematic analysis. Mental health
fulfillment was reasonably good. However, because of a lack of education and mental health
stigma, access to healthcare could be difficult. However, large survey documents with modest
ratings of satisfaction; fears about how services work and the lack of treatment options thus,
continue to exist. As a result of this review, the main findings are that individuals can express
their satisfaction with mental health services, however, there continue to be problems around
three prime fields: refusing to acknowledge and seeking assistance as a face of a psychiatric
problem. In regards to customer engagement, accountability and judgment-making the
features of the rehabilitation process appear missing. The provider-service user relationship

4MENTAL HEALTH
requires a fundamental change to enable healthcare professionals fully to engage in their care
(Newman et al. 2015).
Thus, upon concerning the sources it stands, that the approach that needs to be made
for the betterment of the mental illness are interpersonal relations, providing features of
rehabilitation, engagement of healthcare professionals for the care and a trial towards the
removal of social deficiencies and pathologizing.
Issues related to mental Health Recovery
The number of migrants worldwide has grown unprecedentedly, most of whom are
clustered in low-income nations with inadequate mental health resources. Contemporary
problems in the area of refugee mental health include scientific advances, theoretical systems,
social and psychological interventions, and legislation. An emerging environmental paradigm
of study is based on the complex interplay of past traumatic experiences, current stressors in
daily life and on the systemic dysfunction in core psychosocial structures, expanding to the
conjugal pair and families who are beyond the adult. Although the short-term efficacy of
formal psychotherapies under the supervision of qualified counselors for a variety of
traumatic stress reactions has been shown, there are concerns as to whether or not such
approaches can be managed under minimal resources and whether they meet the demands of
difficult cases (Silove, Ventevogel, and Rees. 2017).
An extensive range of programs should be provided through special programs for
vulnerable groups in ideal circumstances including social and psychotherapeutic measures,
psychological health providers, rehabilitation. The objectives of future changes must remain
the sustainability of service, best practice ensures, evidence-based strategies as well as the
promotion of fair access, such appears to be a daunting task since most refugees live in

5MENTAL HEALTH
situations with the shortest demand of knowledge and resources in mental health treatment
(Silove, Ventevogel and Rees. 2017).
The UN estimates that more than 65 million refugees are expelled worldwide through
war, armed conflict or persecution. In all, the UNHCR's mission encompasses 16.5 million.
Although the influx decreased significantly, in 2016 only 3.2 million people have been
displaced, with Syria and South Sudan being the key source countries. More than 80% of
refugees are forcibly displaced or have moved to neighboring countries via national borders,
mostly in low and lower-middle-income economies (Silove, Ventevogel, and Rees. 2017).
Although the principles of healing remain clear, the simple introduction of employees
to the workforce of a mental health agency alone does not produce the necessary paradigm
shift. In reality, lack of organization, whether the staff is insulted or oppressed, or if the
positions feel fully assimilated into general and therapeutic situations, may weaken the
efficacy of peer personnel. The application of recovery-oriented therapy should be specific
and focused on helping people lead a meaningful life, as opposed to the setting of therapeutic
targets largely dictated by practitioners. Shifting to an equal partnership approach involves a
change of programs, procedures, and paradox through which they are conducted to promote
and enable self-determination (Slade et al. 2014).
Unlike psychology, the creation of rehabilitation theory and procedure has had a
center of gravity in psychosis. Many doctors say that treatment as a strategy is not appropriate
for those with whom it operates since they are either "too sick" or not afflicted with an
illness. The clinical significance of rehabilitation is typically more common to mental health
professionals than to individual healing, as the journey to recovery is known (Slade et al.
2014).

6MENTAL HEALTH
Professional diagnostics and therapies in psychological rehabilitation are designed to
cure or reduce their symptoms. The analysis of all epidemiological studies with follow-up for
more than 20 years has shown that medical recovery is attained, while the discrepancy
between the incidence rate due to effective treatments remains unexplained to most people
with schizophrenia disease. The person takes himself back into a meaningful life and
respected responsibilities in his redemption process (Slade et al. 2014).
Conclusion
From the above discussion, it can be concluded, the variability of the evidence
generated by cross-sectional epidemiological analysis does not make it possible, in
longitudinal studies, to differentiate specifically between the condition of depression and
frank mental disease. Thus, mental health has grown as a prime medical concern and at
certain points requires assistance by health care professionals to overcome their distress.

7MENTAL HEALTH
References
Corrigan, P.W. and Kosyluk, K.A., 2014. Mental illness stigma: Types, constructs, and
vehicles for change.
Gilmour, H., 2014. Positive mental health and mental illness.
Harper, D. and Speed, E., 2014. Uncovering recovery: The resistible rise of recovery and
resilience. In De-medicalizing misery II (pp. 40-57). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Kleisiaris, C.F., Sfakianakis, C. and Papathanasiou, I.V., 2014. Health care practices in
ancient Greece: The Hippocratic ideal. Journal of medical ethics and history of medicine, 7.
Newman, D., O'Reilly, P., Lee, S.H. and Kennedy, C., 2015. Mental health service users'
experiences of mental health care: an integrative literature review. Journal of psychiatric and
mental health nursing, 22(3), pp.171-182.
Price-Robertson, R., Obradovic, A. and Morgan, B., 2017. Relational recovery: beyond
individualism in the recovery approach. Advances in Mental Health, 15(2), pp.108-120.
Silove, D., Ventevogel, P. and Rees, S., 2017. The contemporary refugee crisis: an overview
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