How to Reduce Environmental Impacts of Transportation in Victoria

This annotated bibliography examines the environmental impacts of transportation in Victoria, BC, Canada, and explores strategies for mitigation. The introduction outlines the significant environmental concerns associated with the Victorian transport system, including greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and noise. The assignment presents an analysis of five sources, each addressing different aspects of the issue. The sources include studies on transportation plans, environmental management, car scrappage, public transport operational strategies, and the impacts of oil and gas development. Each annotation summarizes the source's key arguments and findings, highlighting potential solutions such as promoting bicycle use, improving public transport, and implementing technological advancements to reduce emissions. The bibliography provides a comprehensive overview of the research and offers insights into reducing the environmental footprint of transportation systems.

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HOW TO REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF TRANSPORTATION IN
VICTORIA, BC, CANADA
Name of the student
Subject Name:
Date:

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Introduction of formal proposal
The impacts of environment of the Victorian transport system remain to be significant and
consist of the production of greenhouse gas emission, different air pollution, and noise in the
region. The need of these impacts has been the legislated objective of the Canadian government
since early days of 2010, but it is clear that transport department, planning, and local
infrastructure has not effectively addressed the concern when developing strategic transport and
land use planning structure for state. Major concern on influences of environment on transport
sector is that proper environmental guidelines in Canada have not been implemented to control
and moderate the release of gases from vehicles into the surroundings. The concern has been
balance by the enhancement in the number of vehicles together progressive utilization of every
vehicle. The need to reduce environmental impacts of transport sector in Victoria is an important
aspect as it can assist in regulating emission of greenhouse gases that lead to global warming that
affects well-being of the country. One of the sustainable methods that the individuals in the
Canada can use is the use of bicycle. The use of mountain bikes can be effective in town as they
help people to conserve the environment by producing zero smoke that can be hazardous to the
environment. For instance, people in Canada can focus on the use of bicycle on large number as
a way of ensuring that they maintain environment sustainability. Moreover, authority within the
region can focus on idea of improving routes for such bicycle usage and improving of
infrastructure as well as complimenting the use of bicycle with public transport in the region.
The need to use bicycle is significant as it can help the authority to reduce the direct impact of
issues like noise along with carbon (IV) oxide release by vehicles that create direct and
damaging influence on surrounding. The impact can help in reducing instances of traffic
obstruction and automobile-oriented urban collapse that can use natural surroundings together

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with lands used for agricultural purposes. Therefore, primary target of this research paperwork is
to address some of the ways that can be used in reducing the environmental impacts of
transportation in Victoria, BC, in Canada. The report tends to answer the research question by
examining annotated bibliographies of five different sources that address the same issue.
Annotated Bibliography
[1] A. El-Geneidy, A. Cerda, R. Fischle, and N. Luka, “Evaluating the Impacts of
Transportation Plans Using Accessibility Measures,” Canadian Journal of Urban Research
[Internet], vol. 20, no. 1, p. 81-104, 2011. Available from:
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=70961694&site=ehost-
live
El-Geneidy, Cerda, Fischle, and Luka as authors of this article are researchers that concentrated
on researching on some of the impacts of transportation plans by the use of accessibility
measures around Canada as their case study. Their article illustrates how there have been
growing alertness of social together with impacts environmental on infrastructure of
transportation. It reports that, in present society most transport strategies only target at increasing
movement of people but fails to address ways of solving environmental impacts on transport
systems. The modification that targets at preparation for openness has been vulnerable by need
of clear demonstrations of significance of ease of use as the aim and norms for designing
transportation. This article offers different expression of the viability and worth of accessibility
assessments with the analysis of different transport sectors like those in Canada. The article is
useful in illustrating how to reduce environmental impacts on transport sector in Canada.

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Therefore, this article offers useful data on the need to reduce environmental impacts on
transportation sector in different nations.
[2] Victorian Government Printer, “Managing the environmental impacts of transport,”
Polish Journal of Environmental, vol. 6, no.1, p. 17, 2014. Available from:
https://www.audit.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/20140820-Environment-Transport.pdf
The author is an environmentalist that concerns with conservation and protection of
environment. The authors of this article report that impacts of environment are significant and
comprise of production of greenhouse emission of gas, other air pollution, along with noise. It is
evident from this article presentation that transport sector in Canada, as well as other nations
globally, is the second largest producer of greenhouse gases. According to this presentation,
there are vast approaches that can be used to reduce transport emissions. These consist of
reducing the demand for travel, increasing the use of non-vehicular modes, leveraging advanced
technologies, and reducing emissions from transport infrastructure. This article is useful as it
helps on addressing different concerns that can be used to effectively manage and access
environmental impacts in Victoria, BC, Canada. Besides, this article is useful as it examines how
well key arrangements of institutions can support statewide and agency-level monitoring,
planning, and reporting for managing the environmental impacts of transport.
[3] W. Van, D. Gerard, and N. Hans, “Accelerating Car Scrappage: A Review of Research
into the Environmental Impacts,” Transport Reviews, vol. 31, no. 5, p. 549-569, 2011.
(doi:10.1080/01441647.2011.564331.
Van, Gerard, and Ha are environmentalists that concentrate on preservation of environment as a
way of ensuring wellbeing of the society. Their article concentrates on critically reviewing

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strategies that aim at accelerating scrappage of car as well as on associated models. The authors
summarized that considerable plans have been prepared to help in capturing direct response of
different homes with older vehicles to scheme of scrappage, although that implicit effect on the
used markets of cars. The article also addresses somehow community can reduce influences on
use of car with emission from use of car and on lifecycle releases that have established little
consideration. The authors explain different approaches that can help in reducing instances of
congestion of traffic and automobile-leaning urban slump that can use natural environment along
with lands used for agricultural purposes. This academic paper is crucial as it helps in addressing
some of the essential ways of ideal approach to reduce impacts of surrounding on transport
system within Victoria in Canada. The ideas presented in this article are useful as they can
ensure that every company within the region focus on production of different cars that are
environmentally friendly.
[4] C. Tang, C. Avishai, and G. Ying-En, “Optimal Public-Transport Operational
Strategies to Reduce Cost and Vehicle’s Emission,” PLoS ONE, vol. 13, no. 8, p. 1-17, 2018.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0201138.
Tang, Avishai, and Ying-En as authors of this article are environmentalists that are concerned
with preservation of the environment to ensure that the society is not affected by any external
factor such as human aspects that can be controlled or preserved. Their report on this article
states that public transport system remains to be inevitably made non-uniform. The non-
consistency emerges as consequence of spatial together with consecutive arranging of land use to
help in battling impacts of condition on transport framework. Besides, this article reports that the
non-standardization merits use of common transport operational techniques to achieve efficiency
of operating. The streamlining of such frameworks is represented by the makers to be frequently

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being done from the head perspective and roundabout from the perspective of customer. Besides,
this article proposed the methodology that is essential in analyzing significance of utilizing
transit operational techniques with the focus of reducing operating accusations and eventually
reducing instances of undesirable emissions. Therefore, this article will assist people to
understand the benefits of controlling impacts of environmental effects on public transport as a
way of reducing instance of negative influences.
[5] J. Krzyzanowski, “Environmental Pathways of Potential Impacts to Human Health
from Oil and Gas Development in Northeast British Columbia, Canada,” Environmental
Reviews, vol. 20, no. 2, p. 122-134, 2012. doi:10.1139/a2012-005.
Krzyzanowski is an environmentalist and professor in the field of development of sustainable
environment in the society. According to his article, it is clear that there have been different
concerns that have happened lately as to if upstream oil along with sector of gas remains to be
accountable for examination, manufacturing, as well as some dispensation of unprocessed fuels
from fossils. The article states that there is the need to reduce environmental impacts on
transportation sector of such raw materials as they have adverse effects on health of people when
they are not well maintained. Due to health concerns, the author proposes the need for allocating
extraction and processing sites of such dangerous gases in places away from people. Besides, the
use of long chimneys can help in emitting gases generated during transportation process up in the
atmosphere where it does not affect the breathing patterns of people. Therefore, this article has
synthesis data from various studies on the impacts of extraction of gas and oil on ecosystems by
trying to fill in gaps in understanding due to incomplete studies after extraction of fuels. This
article offers vital data on the benefits that can be used by different companies to improve their
transport systems.

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Bibliographies
A. El-Geneidy, A. Cerda, R. Fischle, N. Luka, “Evaluating the Impacts of Transportation Plans
Using Accessibility Measures,” Canadian Journal of Urban Research [Internet], vol. 20,
no. 1, p. 81-104, 2011. Available from: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?
direct=true&db=aph&AN=70961694&site=ehost-live
C. Tang, C. Avishai, and G. Ying-En, “Optimal Public-Transport Operational Strategies to
Reduce Cost and Vehicle’s Emission,” PLoS ONE, vol. 13, no. 8, p. 1-17, 2018.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0201138.
J. Krzyzanowski, “Environmental Pathways of Potential Impacts to Human Health from Oil and
Gas Development in Northeast British Columbia, Canada,” Environmental Reviews, vol.
20, no. 2, p. 122-134, 2012. doi:10.1139/a2012-005.
Victorian Government Printer, “Managing the environmental impacts of transport,” Polish
Journal of Environmental, vol. 6, no.1, p. 17, 2014. Available from:
https://www.audit.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/20140820-Environment-Transport.pdf
W. Van, D. Gerard, and N. Hans, “Accelerating Car Scrappage: A Review of Research into the
Environmental Impacts,” Transport Reviews, vol. 31, no. 5, p. 549-569, 2011.
(doi:10.1080/01441647.2011.564331.