Reflection for Healthcare Professionals: Critical Analysis

This report delves into the critical importance of reflective analysis for healthcare professionals, emphasizing its role in understanding and improving professional practice. It explores the application of the Gibb's reflective cycle and the Flanagan critical incident model as frameworks for analyzing experiences and identifying areas for improvement. The report examines the impact of the Care Act 2014 on the need for reflection in healthcare settings. It presents a case study of a presentation flaw within a multidisciplinary team, using the reflective models to evaluate the incident, identify contributing factors, and propose actionable steps for future improvements. The analysis includes discussion of motivational and organizational barriers to reflection and highlights the importance of technical competence and collaboration. Ultimately, the report underscores the value of ongoing reflection in enhancing patient care and professional development in healthcare.

Running head: REFLECTION FOR HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS
REFLECTION FOR HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Introduction
Health care professionals need to understand their professional aspects and this process
needs to be done on the basis of critical reflective anlaysis. The reflective analysis is the process
in which individuals understand, justify and explain their own experience and perceptions. The
reflection process depends on the basically depends on the objective, reflective, interpretative
and the decisional stages (Villalba et al. 2018). All these stages could be justified by the Gibb’s
reflective cycle which has five aspects such as the description, feelings, evaluation, conclusion
and action. Thus it can clearly be seen that the description is the objective, feelings is the
reflective and the evaluation is the interpretative aspect. Whereas, the decisional stage justified
by the conclusion and the action step of the Gibb’s reflective cycle. However, other than the
Gibb’s reflective cycles that can be useful in justifying the reflective analysis such as Flanagan
critical incident model (Tyreman 2018). In the following sections the Gibb’s reflective cycle and
an alternative reflective model would be discussed on the basis of health care presentation flaws
of our group and the legislative act would also be discussed that states the importance of the
reflection for the health care professionals. The whole critical incident would also be discussed
in the following sections as well.
TASK 1
Reflection is an aspect which helps the individuals to determine the objectives of one
particular incident and the positive outcomes and also the flaws from their own end. Thus
reflection could be stated as the critical aspect of evaluation of the experience and the importance
of this factor can also be justified by the Care Act 2014 as this legislative act states the

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importance of the reflection on the basis of the health care for the social or community basis
(Legislation.gov.uk, 2019). The act also depicts that the reflection is a factor that helps in the
assessment and the justification of the experience in any health care project. On the basis of
reflection a person can possibly depict the positive outcomes of any experience along with the
flaws of the incident and that helps in the knowledge and the proper counter action assessment
for any individual. In case of the health care professionals reflection is a very important factor
help in their experience gathering and also helps in their knowledge development for further
health care programs. Reflection depends on the four stages that are the objective, reflective,
interpretative and decisional (Cottrell 2017). All these aspects have different importance as
objective is the assessment of the incidence and the reflective factor is the feelings of the
individual that depicts their own point of view about the incidence and it also depicts the
experience of the individual. Whereas the interpretative factor is fully dependent on the
interpretation or evaluation of the incidents and the feelings of the individual and on the basis of
this evaluation an individual makes decision for further actions and recommendations as well.
On the basis of these factors the importance of reflection in the field of health care profession
can be understood. Other than these factors the reflection also helps in the understanding of the
critical incidents as well and also highlight the factors that affected the situation and the needed
counter measures which can be used in the future similar cases. However, there are several
disadvantages of the reflective analysis as there are motivational factors for the individuals for
work on a reflection procedure. Other than the motivational factors there are organizational
barriers that affect the reflection process as well and the time frame also an affecter of the
reflection analysis (Buhaug 2015). In order to do a reflection process an individual needs to
overcome all these negative affecters and the process in which they can effectively assess the

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incident and reflect on the factors that have taken place in the process. However, the decision
making process would be the factor that complements the reflection analysis and if there is no
further recommendation from the knowledge gathered by the reflection analysis then the
reflection analysis is incomplete and ineffective as well. Despite of these negative factors the
reflective analysis is an important aspect and needed to be considered by every health care
professional in order to address all the factors that can be included in the future health care
programs. The Care Act 2014 also needed to be considered as this legislative act refers to the
needs of the reflective analysis in every health care program (Lutfiyya, Brandt and Cerra 2016).
TASK 2
Here we were a team of four health care professionals working on a presentation about
the multidisciplinary team in the health care profession. We have made the presentation and at
the time of the presentation my colleagues were not focused enough to the video recording and
also to the presentation thus we used two extra minutes than the provided time for our
presentation. Other than my colleagues the operator of the presentation slides were also not
focused and moving from the post he was allocated thus the slide control also affected by means
of time. All these factors that happened at the time of the presentation impacted in various ways
and from the incident we can learn that the time management and focus on the work is needed as
the utmost importance is the effectiveness of the task and the given time frame in which the task
must be completed. On the basis of this incident it can be stated that here the need of the analysis
of the flaws from our end is a very important aspect in order to avoid this type of incidents in
future projects and devise other ways that will help us in better collaboration and help us to do
the programs in a flawless way. This presentation incident helped us to reflect on the most

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important aspect that is the focus on the work and prioritise the process other than any factor.
However, this reflection process depends on the analysis of the incident step by step that is the
positive factors, positive outcomes then the negative factors and the negative outcomes. On this
aspect it can be stated that the slide operator also has a stake in the two minutes delay of our
presentation thus on this analysis we can arrive to the decision that we need to learn this kind of
technical aspects in order to be the perfectionists and this way we do not need to depend on other
people thus our presentations will not be failed in terms of meeting the time frame. However,
other analysis will highlight the need of the focus and seriousness about the project as well. All
these analysis would be the result of the self reflection about the incident and this analysis will
be needed in terms of the further decision making and gathering knowledge and experience.
Thus the critical incident of the flaw in the presentation project helps us in the further
improvement in this kind of projects (James and Van Ryzin 2016).
TASK 3
The flaw in the presentation program and the reflection on this incident is to be done with
the help of the Gibb’s reflective cycle model. In this model the reflection process was described
as a five step process where the description, feelings, evaluation, conclusion and the action are
the five steps (Sekarwinahyu et al. 2019). Thus on the basis of this model the incident can be
critically analysed and the analysis process will start from the description of the incident. Here,
the actual incident is the two minutes delay in the presentation of the multidisciplinary
professional working in health care and the cause of this delay is the lack of focus among my
colleagues at the time of the presentation and the lack of patience of the slide operator as well.
This is the description of the incident in relation with the Gibb’s reflective cycle and the feelings

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steps could be the negative impact on the motivation of our team as the delay in the presentation
project would be lead to penalty for us. The experience with the slide operator also a negative
factor in this process and analysing these experiences or this aftermath is the feelings of our team
on the basis of the Gibb’s reflective cycle. On the other hand the evaluation phase of the model
refers to the analysis of the whole incident and the experiences we gathered from the incident
and the conclusion would be the results of the incident and the experiences of us and the counter
measures we can use to avoid these negative factors as well. The conclusion also depends on the
depiction of the experiences we had at the time of the presentation and characterising these
experiences. After all these phases the action phase comes which helps in further planning in the
manner which will be the counter measures in this type of incidents (Pianpeng and Koraneekij
2016). The action plan can be termed as the recommendation and the future planning from the
knowledge gathered by the experience sand the reflection. Gibb’s reflective cycle is one of the
common model in the reflective analysis however, all these phases of the model needed to be
considered in the process in order to get a proper outcome (Li and Peng 2018). The reflective
cycle would successfully analyse the situation if implemented and help in the evaluation of the
experience and on the basis of this evaluation further recommendation would be devised that
would be helpful in avoiding similar incidents. However, in this case the unfocused presentation
done by my colleagues is not the only stakeholder for the flaw of the presentation, the delay in
the presentation process would be analysed as the effect of the lack of patience of the slide
operator as well. In order to avoid this kind of problem we need to avoid taking help from others
and do the whole process ourselves and for that we need to learn the operating process that is the
technical knowledge gathering (Dhaliwal et al. 2017). As of all these we need to figure out the
need of technical learning and it would also be availed by the reflective cycle. However, other

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than Gibb’s reflective cycle model there are several other models which could be helpful in the
reflection and evaluation process as well.
Figure 1: Gibb’s reflective cycle
Source: (Li and Peng 2018)
TASK 4
In the context of this presentation delay the Gibb’s reflective cycle would help us in the
evaluation and the further recommendation however, this reflective cycle would not be helpful in
the analysis of the behaviour of my other colleagues. In order to analyse the behavioural
foundation for this incident we need to use the Flanagan critical incident model as well. This
model focuses on the human behaviour and depends on several principles (Eriksson et al. 2016).

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On the basis of this model it can be said that the team members would need to reflect on the
flaws and understand their roles in the problem. In case of the health care professional
understanding the critical incident model helps in evaluation of the stakes of every individual and
help them understand the changes they need in the future projects. The critical analysis of the
incident and the lack of their focus in the presentation program needed to be correlated in terms
of the reflection of their own faults. However, the Gibb’s reflective cycle would also be needed
to support the factor as well. The critical analysis of the incident would comprised of factorising
the steps of the incident and also differentiate the roles of every team member in the flaw of the
presentation (Fridlund, Henricson and Mårtensson 2017). On the basis of this factorisation the
reflective cycle would be effectively analysed and implemented in the future projects as well.
Flanagan critical incident technique is comprised of 5 critical steps that are establish aims,
specify plans and conditions, collecting critical incidents, analysing the data and interpreting and
reporting findings. On the basis of this principles and steps the model can be used in this process
effectively and it would help in the determination of the problem and devising further action
plan. However, the motivation for the reflective analysis among the team members is the factor
that would be devised on the basis of the critical incident model as it plays a role in the formation
of ideas about the human behaviour about an incident. Thus it can be said that these two models
needed to be simultaneously used in the reflection analysis of this incident. The critical incident
model of Flanagan is a model which used in the system design, accident investigation, health
care, organisational development and also in market research thus the usefulness of this model
can be seen as its dominance in almost all kind of sectors.

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Figure 2: Flanagan Critical Incident
Source: (Eriksson et al. 2016)
Our presentation delay incident would be assessed properly if we can understand the
factors of our own mental condition about the incident and the thought process of every member
at the time of the presentation. So it can be easily analysed if we reflect on our own faults and
assess the changes we need in the behavioural actions then we can be easily change the outcomes
of the future projects as a team (Serrat 2017). However, the factor of taking help from other
people in terms of technical aspect needed to be changed on the basis of this reflection and
evaluation and learning the technical aspect would be recommended for us as we find by using
these two model of reflection. We need to be more collaborative in terms of the team work in

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order to prevent these kinds of situations and thus the reflection of the incident would be needed.
We need to plan our roles in the team and also need to focus on the important aspects of the
future projects. We also need to needs motivation and dedication to the team projects in order to
successfully proceed in the work. On the basis of the reflection and the evaluation of the
previous flaw we experienced we can plan in learning multitasking aspects and divide different
responsibilities on different team member as well. Our action plan will be comprised with
positive motivational factors that are the appraisal process for each other in order to motivate all
the team members. This appraisal will be helpful for the better understanding of the team mates
and it will help in the collaboration as well. The critical incident model depends on the situations
that are the cause description of the critical incident, the feelings and perception of the members,
actions during the incident and changes in the future behaviour (Rongsawat et al. 2018). All
these principles needed to be implemented on the basis of the analysis of the incident and future
changes as well and these principles are somewhat related to the Gibb’s cycle thus the
simultaneous use of these two models would help us in determining the problems and changes
needed for the better collaboration as a team.
Conclusion
On the basis of the above discussion it can be concluded that the reflection after any
incident is a very important aspect in order to determining the experiences gathered by the
workers at the time of the incident. Gibb’s reflective cycle and the critical incident model are the
one of the most common and helpful framework in this reflection analysis as these analyse the
incidents in a critical way and also helps in the analysis of the human behavior. With the help of
these models we can understand the flaws we have done at the time of the presentation and what

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changes we need in order to overcome or avoid these kinds of situations. The critical situation of
the delay in the presentation were taken place as the team members did not collaborate properly
and also not focused on the presentation program as well. However, the lack of support from the
slide operator also caused the situation. Thus the Gibb’s reflection cycle helped in analyzing this
factor as well and thus we arrived to the solution that we need to learn technical factors and not
depend on other person in order to do the presentation projects without any kind of delay or
flaws as well. Thus it can easily be said that the factors of the reflective cycle and reflection
analysis are the aspects that helped us in getting the proper outcome in the future situations.

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