Reflective Practices: Enhancing Teacher Development and Performance

This report delves into the reflective practices of teaching, emphasizing its role in continuous teacher development. It explores various theories of reflective practice, including Dewey's rationalized process, Schon's reflective model (knowing-in-action, reflection-in-action, and reflection-on-action), and Gibb's reflective cycle. The report also identifies the benefits of reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action for improving teaching quality. Furthermore, it discusses performance requirements, tools for reflective teaching, and the importance of feedback from various sources. The report also assesses inclusivity, equality, and diversity in teaching practices and proposes goals for improvement through reflection, along with relevant technologies and resources. The document is available on Desklib, a platform offering study tools and resources for students.

REFLECTIVE PRACTICES: A
MEANS TO TEACHER
DEVELOPMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK-1............................................................................................................................................3
CASE STUDY ............................................................................................................................3
Theories of reflective practice.....................................................................................................4
BENEFITS TO PRACTICE OF REFLECTION IN ACTION AND ON ACTION-.................7
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................9
Identify current performance requirements relevant to own practice..........................................9
Evaluate different tools for use in reflective teaching.................................................................9
Analyse the importance of using feedback from different sources to inform reflective practice.
....................................................................................................................................................10
Assess the extent to which own practice is inclusive and promotes equality and diversity....11
TASK-3......................................................................................................................................12
Identify goals to improve own practice through the process of reflection................................12
Technologies and resources to keep own practice up to date....................................................14
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Reflective practices of teaching refer to the practice which involves learning on the base
of evaluating one’s own performance with respect to the classroom teaching. Reflective practices
of teaching serves as a guide for the teachers in order to improve their methods of teaching based
on the feedbacks provided by the students. Reflective practices of teaching can be bifurcated into
two parts namely, reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action. Reflection in action can be
understood as reflecting on the actions taken by the teachers and constantly improving while an
individual is processing the actions. Similarly, reflection-on-action can be understood as
reflecting on the practices of teaching after the class. The present report aims to identify the
meaning of reflective practices. It includes various theories of reflective practice of teaching and
its evaluation. It also intends to determine the benefits of the reflective practices such as
reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action.
The present report includes a reflective essay which will help teachers in identifying the
current performance requirements for the teaching practice in use. The different tools that are
used for the purpose of reflective teaching will also be discussed. It will also include the
identification of the importance of feedback received from different sources in order to form
reflective practice of teaching. Moreover, the report will include the formation of a development
plan that helps the teachers in determining the goals that can be used to improve the current
practises of teaching. It includes determining the effectiveness of knowledge and skills related to
the practice of teaching.
TASK-1
CASE STUDY
Reflective practice is referring to the practice that considered the continuous learning process. In
the reflective practices the individual person determines the values and belief about teaching and
learning and take action for the personal as well as professional development that help in
growing or obtaining success in the forthcoming period (Gheith and Aljaberi 2018). With the
assistance of this practice the individual person can deliver the assistance maximizing the
learning in appropriate manner. N the practice the choler or the teacher sharer personal
experiences that face by the individual person and determine the area of improvement for the
forthcoming growth or success in effective as well as efficient manner. On the basis of this
experience the individual person enhances the learning and become productive for the long

period in appropriate style. Therefore, in the reflective practice the individual person engaged in
the learning process in order to improve the quality of life. Although it plays crucial role in
practice based professional learning. Moreover, it gives assistance in comping all the theories
and practices together in order to enhance the value of the person in the profession.
Basically the reflective practices reflect different concepts for bringing effectiveness in the
forthcoming challenges. Without the assessment of the personal lifestyle or the personality in the
teaching the improvement is not possible as individual person is not able to access the strength
and the weakness to perform the action in profitable manner. In the reflective practices the
specific person is aware about the action that supposed to adopted by the person and take action
according to that (Kuswandono,2012.). Basically refection reflects an idea to perform the task
better than before for continues success in the career path. Basically it is considered as the tool
and technique of the improvement.
Therefore, if the teacher is not able to improve themselves then the specific person is not able to
improve the quality of individual’s life. In the reflection the individual person works on their
skills and knowledge in order to provide the better understanding to the learner or scholar. The
aim of the reflective practice is to identifying the issues that the particular person in learning or
gaining the knowledge. In this practice the teacher or the person shade a light on the feeling and
emotion of the person while accessing or completing any sort of assessment Due to reflective
practicable persona boost the capability of performing the task related to the particular job role or
the career path. The reflective practices indicate the dynamic process of learning and acquiring
the knowledge in appropriate manner (Mathew,Mathew and Peechattu2017) .
Along with all this the individual person or the teacher is able to determine the barrier or difficult
the individual person face during the process of learning and acquiring the knowledge. With the
assistance of reflective practices, the individual person is able to answerable for the forthcoming
success as well as progress.
Theories of reflective practice
With the changing times, it has become important for teachers to change their patterns of
teaching and innovate them in order to develop interest in the minds of the students towards
studies or related to a specific subject. For the same, there are certain theories of reflective
practices which have been explained below:

1. Dewey – reflection as a rationalised process
According to the theory of Dewey, reflection is a rationalised process of analysing
information. It is not only used for the purpose of recalling and remembering an event but is an
active process (Adeani, Febriani, and Syafryadin, 2020). By way of reflection, an individual can
recall his previous actions and analyse them, then imposing questions in order to identify the
cause of an incident and how change in actions could have led to different outcomes. Dewey
suggested four criteria in order to define reflection, they are:
 Reflection is a meaning making process. It states that reflection helps a teacher in gaining
a deeper understanding and knowledge relating to a particular field. With the help of
reflection, teachers identify their own learning, assess them and links them while moving
ahead in the process of learning and improves them.
 Reflection is a rigorous way of thinking. Teachers can use reflection in order assess their
own capabilities and skills and bring innovativeness by using the process of reflection.
 Reflection should in an interactive format. It is important for teachers to ask for
feedbacks from their students. This helps the teachers in understanding the requirements
of the students and takes action accordingly.
 Reflection as a set of attitudes. In order to conduct reflection on the practices of teaching
followed by the teachers, it is important for them to be intellectual, emotional and
imaginative by doing the reflection (Anderson, 2020). The mix of these attitudes helps
the teachers in getting effective outcomes.
2. The Schon Reflective Model
The theory of reflection provided by Schon draws a distinction between reflection that
takes place during the action and reflection that takes place after the action. The Schon’s
reflective model can be understood by using these distinctions. They are:
 Knowing-in-action
This feature of Schon’s reflective model is not used commonly by the teachers. This feature
refers to knowing in advance about how to perform a task or knowing how the desired results
can be achieved in advance. For the same, the teachers plan in advance about what they will be
teaching and how they will be teaching in order to provide the students with enhanced learning
experience.
 Reflection-in-action

As the name suggests, reflection-in-action refers to reflection during the action. It helps the
teachers in constantly keeping a track of their actions and analysing how their teaching skills and
performance can be improved constantly in order to serve the students with improvised and
effective methods of teaching (Ardian, Hariyati, and Afifah, 2019).
 Reflection-on-action
Reflection-on-action states conducting of reflection after the happening of an event or action.
This helps the teachers in determining the impact of their teaching patterns, and how they can be
improved in order to provide the students with new learning methods.
3. Gibb’s Reflective cycle
It is important to reflect on one’s own actions in order to gain an understanding of what
could have been done better and how to improve one’s action in future. Gibb’s reflective cycle
defines the process of reflection into 6 steps, they have been explained below:
 Description
This is the first stage of this model in which the teacher is required to understand the whole
situation by asking questions to oneself. This includes questions such as what did I do today, if
the students are satisfied with my teaching methods or not, are the students able to understand
what am I trying to teach or not.
 Feelings
The second stage of this model involves the feelings of the teachers associated with their
students and their methods of teaching (Mulder, 2018). This involves analysing if the teacher is
satisfied with the particular situation or not, how he felt while teaching in the classroom, how did
the students respond, were they happy with my pattern of teaching or not.
 Evaluation
This stage of reflection involves evaluation of the positive as well as the negative aspects of the
whole situation. Under this stage, a teacher identifies what the students likes about the teaching
patterns and what is not liked by the students.
 Analysis
At this time, the teacher tries to determine the causes of what went wrong within the process and
some students are unable to process what is being taught to them. This involves analysis of the
whole situation with the help of using theories and models and findings which could help in
improving the methods used by the teacher.

 Conclusion
The Gibb’s model of reflective cycle is inclusive of two conclusions in which one is a general
conclusion that is transferable and the other one is specific conclusion based on a personal
situation. This includes ways in how the teacher can improve its methods of teaching by using
reflective practises in order to promote enhanced ways of learning within their students.
 Action
This is the last stage of Gibb’s model of reflective cycle in which the teacher is supposed to
formulate an action plan in order to inculcate improvised methods of teaching within themselves
(Soundiraraj, and Babu, 2022). For the same, the teachers are required to gain an understanding
of how they can improvise their methods of teaching and implement new knowledge and
learning in their teaching methods. It also includes improvement of skills and utilizing them for
the benefit of the students.
BENEFITS TO PRACTICE OF REFLECTION IN ACTION AND ON ACTION-
As the refection play important role in improving the quality of individual person it has certain
benefits. In order to deliver the standard and class in the community or society it is essential to
enlighten some changes in effective as well as efficient manner. In context to improve the
performance of the individual person it is essential to make changes in appropriate style. In the
reflective practices the person enhance the availability as per the individuals' requirement rather
than others perception and observation (Pang,2020) . With the assistance of reflective practices
the individual person is capable enough to mould and deliver shapes to the people. The benefits
of the refection is bifurcated into two major elements such as in action as well as on action in
order to understand fruitfully. In action the individual person refine its mistakes and work on the
skills with the assistance of real life action in the classroom. Basically the reflective practice
indicate the self evaluation and justification of the individual person in order to become
professional in effective as well as efficient manner. In order to improve the services or the
capability the specific person develop the plans of action and bring policies for the further
changes within the classroom. In action reflection practice required more efforts in order to
deliver the better results in the marketplace. The benefits of the reflective practices that are
useful for the long period of times are mentioned in the following manner:

 the teacher or the individual person deliver proper attention and deliver actual courses of
action in order to bring effective area of improvement at the time of providing lectures to
the scholars.
 The specific person is able to develop the better understanding of the action.
 It gives assistance in determining the mistakes, weakness, strength, opportunity as well as
threats
 Moreover, it provides exclusive support to the person in developing the skills and
knowledge for best career path (Sherwood and et.al 2021.).
 The quality of providing information and knowledge to the learner is increased.
 Along with that it allows the person to make comparison between before and after action.
 It brings the innovation and creativity in completing the task and providing the
information to the people.
 With the assistance of reflective practice, the individual person makes themselves better
and unique then others that also enhance the image of the teacher within the institution.
 It allows the teacher to attract and encourage them to adopt the knowledge which is
provided by the mentor for the better quality of life.
 Beside all this mentor find an easy way to enhance the learning and ability to perform the
task of the day to day life within the organization.
In the on action of the reflective practices the individual person acquires the analysation after the
occurrence of the event in appropriate manner (Ray, and Coulter, 2018). The benefits of the on
action reflective practices.
 It gives assistance in providing the support in the learning process of the mentor.
 It allows to gain the better understanding of the occupation or the task.
 It boosts the values and experiences of instructor by working on complex projects and
practices.
 The individual person is able to monitor the outcomes of the practices and deliver
assistance in avoiding the mistakes.

TASK 2
Identify current performance requirements relevant to own practice.
In order to identify the performance requirement it has been analysed that it is necessary
to allocate team roles that are help to develop the objective with team. The teacher can identify
the requirements on the basis of evaluating the effectiveness of teaching in order to judge the
standardized achievement so that it can analyse the performances of individuals can be improved
or not. To checks the score with achievement helps tos identify the skills of the student as well as
teacher how they perform in class so that student will get good score (Slade, Burnham and
Waters, 2019). Then to take feedbacks from others teacher and seniors are help to check the
measure of teaching and select the criteria how the performance requirement can be changed.
The fact-sheets can be given to student in orders to identify the performance according to the
rating. Teacher should be multi talented so that they can face the situation while providing better
knowledge to student also its is important to review the strategy used in classroom and how it
can be improved in such as manner so that performance of student will be changed. Then to
improve the communication skill help to develop the idea of reading and writing, how it can be
helps the students for exchanging the knowledge by creating medium. The major benefit for
identifying performances requirements are helps to analyse the methods of teaching and how it
can be improved.
Evaluate different tools for use in reflective teaching.
There are different tools used in reflective teachings in order to use variety of sources
such as open-ended questions are help to identify about how did you like most about this course.
Then also providing the scope for analyse the strength and weakness and how it can be improved
also it can give the suggestions which helps to develop the knowledges. Also, closed ended
question will help to analyse the score in such manner where other can give the record in the
score of 1 to 7. This is one of the easy tool that can be used by anyone in order to identify the
skill and how it can be improved. Also, colleague and senior can evaluate the strategy for
checking inventories how it can be sued effectively so it is necessary tos potentials use of
technology in order tos identify the digital technology such as audio was not clears it should be
clear so that students can easy to understand the explanation. Further, position of camera used by
teachers is not appropriate it needs to fixed so that students can view facial experience of teacher
in orders to understand the topic. Also, the task given by teachers are very tough that is why

student were not performed well so it is necessary tos checks the level of student and make the
assessment accordingly. The one-minute paper is common tools which can be used by many
teachers for identifying the knowledge of student which helps tos develops the knowledges and
understandings regarding the topic. Also , it will help to identify the performances of teacher
how it can be improved. Blanks index card tool is related to small feedback that is easily and
quickly sue by student for assessments. In this student can give their point of view regarding
particular criteria such as what do you want less or more? Are the problems set too difficult?
These kinds of question can help for identifying the want of students because its is necessary to
get the ideas about which kind of content they expected from their teachers. Further, on the basis
of group instructional feedbacks it helps to judge the teacher by CTE (centre for teaching
excellence) that is related the other faculty who is specially come to judge the teacher.
Analyse the importance of using feedback from different sources to inform reflective practice.
Feedbacks is one of the major source that helps to identify the reflective practice which
helps to used for opportunity for student in order to set learnings goal that is depended on
demonstrated learning (Lubbe and Botha, 2020). It is also helps to motivate the individual by
their own and provide the opportunity for enhance the skill and knowledge. It has been analysed
that there are positive as negative feedback that brings knowledge for highlighting the area
regarding better work. Its can be skilfully and productively that improve the developments
process. This is specific in order to direct and give beneficial to generalize the solution also it
helps to providing ins different sources such as from senior, colleague, students etc. Then to take
feedbacks from others teacher and seniors are help to check the measure of teaching and select
the criteria how the performance requirement can be changed. The fact-sheets can be given to
student in orders to identify the performance according to the rating. In reflection, it has been
analysed its improve the performance as well as its helps to increase the personal growth in order
to motive themselves.
It also helps to increase the confidences which is related to develop the knowledge that
provides positive feedback in order to change the strategy that help to improve performance
(Ruffinelli, de la Hoz and Álvarez, 2020). The one-minute paper is common tools which can be
used by many teachers for identifying the knowledge of student which helps tos develops the
knowledges and understandings regarding the topic. This is one of best tool that can be used in
such way when there is very less time for giving opinion also it can not take much time and also

feedback helps in reflective learning by using innovation technique which is necessary to adopt.
It provides the good complement that helps to bring interests in changing the method of learning.
Assess the extent to which own practice is inclusive and promotes equality and diversity.
In the teaching practice, I'll try provide inclusive learning to the students. Inclusive
practice means that every student has different needs and understanding level. It clarifies that the
all the students in the classroom are not same, everyone has a different way of learning. To
understand the student's capability and skills, I conduct fun activities and games which help me
in knowing their capabilities. Through activities and games, it is easier to make the students
learn about variety of things in one go. I collect feedbacks from the parents and the guardians
regarding the progress and understanding of the students and this helps me in knowing about the
students in a better way. I use the feedbacks in adopting new techniques and strategies to teach
and guide the students that they can easily remember and understand the things (Molbaek,
2018.). I try to create a supportive and open environment by communicating and understanding
the needs and problems of the students. This ensures that they can ask and address any issues or
queries they have with me. I motivate and encourage the students to enhance their knowledge
and skills on the basis of their capabilities which develops a sense of faith among the students.
Promoting equality and diversity is an important part of teaching as diversity will help the
student in learning the ways that how to manage the work and live in a society and understand
the views of every individual. I will update my teaching material and create an environment that
will make the students learn about diversity, conducting various activities and games in the
classroom will help me in promoting the sense of equality among the students by explaining
them about the factors on which discrimination is practised. While teaching , I'll make sure that
students learn about he values and beliefs of the different culture and religion thus they don't hurt
the sentiments or feelings o their classrooms by using any abusive words. I will conduct games
where boys and girls will be equally participating thus to teach the students that no there are no
such stereotypes practised for example “boys are stronger and more capable than girls”. I will
assign projects regarding cultures and stereotypes prevailing in the society to the students to
develop an understanding among them about the different cultures in the society and respect
them (Yu, 2018). To promote equality, I'll practice new learning styles such as using textbooks,
blended learning , video based learning ,etc. to have a diverse classroom. I believe in promoting
diversity and equality among the students and I expect that students follow the same path and

promote the same. Being a teacher, it's my responsibility to adopt an environment and learning
pattern that student find the subject easy to understand and learn.
TASK-3
Identify goals to improve own practice through the process of reflection
In teaching it requires variety of skills for creating lesson plan . Giving directions to the
students and also helps in interacting with the parents during meeting. If I want to pursue my
career as teacher it is necessary for me have strong critical thinking skills and work which is best
for the students so that they can move towards achieving their goals in the future. It is very
mandatory to create a healthy environment for the students so that it helps in building their
interest in the students and come up with questions. I also identifies that I should have effective
communication skills which will helps me in communicating and understanding the students as
all the students come from different backgrounds and culture. In the communication skill si have
to focus on verbal communication skill so that I can present the lesson material in such as way
that the student can easily understand(Aprianto, and Zaini, 2019). I also observed while
attending a workshop that have effective leadership skill and team work skills which will helps
me to engage the students in the the preparation of the project which will helps in effective
coordination among the student and also build a good environment in the classroom. I also
observed that I have to work on my time management skills so that I can complete the assigned
chapter in a given time frame(Tang, 2020). While attending the workshop, I realised that I have
to focus on my time management skills which will helps me completion of the course on time so
that I can prepare further assessment for them. On the other hand it is important to management
the classroom and understanding the students as they come from different culture so in that case I
have effective classroom management skills as I can manage the schedule accordingly(Davis,
and et.al, 2019). Many time it happens that there is conflict among the students and in that case
it is important for the teacher to handle and manage the conflict fr that I should focus on
improving my conflict resolution skills which will helps me in the future to attain the desired
goals .
Action plan
Where am I good at ? What am I not good at?
 I have effective listening skill which
will helps me understand the problems
 I have to focus on improving my
critical thinking skills as having strong