Renewable Energy Resources and Technologies: A Comprehensive Report

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Renewable energy.
May 11
2019
Renewable energy is the best resource for the future of the world and
gradually the installed capacity is increasing globally. The installed cost
is decreasing. Eventually this will be the future of our next generation.
Student names.

Table of Contents
LO1 Explore potential renewable energy resources, including current storage and generation
technologies................................................................................................................................................3
Solar renewable energy system...............................................................................................................3
Hydro energy...........................................................................................................................................4
Wind energy............................................................................................................................................5
Tidal energy.............................................................................................................................................6
Adoption rate of solar energy..................................................................................................................7
Recommendations...................................................................................................................................8
Adoption rate of wind energy..................................................................................................................8
Recommendations...................................................................................................................................8
LO2 Determine the optimum combination and efficiencies of renewable energy technologies for a
particular location.......................................................................................................................................9
Choose two renewable energy systems from Task 1 and describe how these systems. Could be
connected with local systems..................................................................................................................9
Solar energy connection with the local system.......................................................................................9
Wind energy connection with local system...........................................................................................10
Choose a remote area and discuss how renewable energy systems will bring benefit to the people
living in the area....................................................................................................................................11
Choose a location in United Kingdom and list the efficiencies of a variety of combinations of
renewable energy technologies for the chosen location.......................................................................11
Contrast the installation and construction costs of all available renewable energy resources.............12
LO3 Conduct a cost-benefit analysis between renewable and conventional energy sources to determine
the most viable option...............................................................................................................................12
Conduct a cost–benefit critical analysis to determine the most viable option between all available
renewable and conventional energy sources........................................................................................13
Capital cost........................................................................................................................................13
Variable cost......................................................................................................................................13
LO4 Explain socio-economic, legislative and environmental factors involved in the consideration and
selection of other approaches to renewable energy resources and technologies....................................13
Economic and social..........................................................................................................................14
Legislative..........................................................................................................................................14

Environmental factors.......................................................................................................................14
Evaluate environmental analysis and planning tools such as PESTLE to identify possible sources of
conflicts of interest................................................................................................................................14
Provide supported and justified recommendations and original ideas for an effective environmental
analysis of alternative approaches to the selection of renewable energy resources............................15
Conclusion.............................................................................................................................................15
List of figures
Figure 1 schematic diagram of solar renewable energy system...................................................................4
Figure 2 schematic diagram of Hydro renewable energy system.................................................................5
Figure 3 schematic diagram of Wind renewable energy system..................................................................7
Figure 4 schematic diagram of Tidal renewable energy system..................................................................8
Figure 5 Solar energy connection with local bodies..................................................................................10
Figure 6 wind energy connection with local body.....................................................................................11

LO1 Explore potential renewable energy resources, including current storage and
generation technologies
Solar renewable energy system
In this renewable energy system, the sun energy is required to generate the electricity. There are
solar cells which called photovoltaic cells; these cells are used to produce the voltage. The
quantity of voltage produce by these cells is depending upon the area of cells. Small number of
cell meets and these are used to create the voltage and current in required amount. PV cells have
different types. Two types are described in this below schematic diagram one is the mono
crystalline and other is poly crystalline. Inverter is used to convert the electricity from direct
current to alternative current electricity.

Figure 1 schematic diagram of solar renewable energy system
Hydro energy
In hydro energy renewable system, the procedure is started from the construction of dam. A dam
is the big place for the storage and control the flow of the water. A proper way is made to control
this flow and it is utilized in a unique way to rotate the turbine. A surge tank is considered a
backup of water which is used when the level of water is down. A proper amount of water should
be used to rotate the turbine; this amount is depending upon the demand of load and running
capacity. The penstock is an enclosed pipe which Delivers water to the turbine. The penstock is
connected with the gate system and Surge tank; water came through the surge tank and enters
into the penstock. Gates open according to the level of water, the instructions to open the gate
comes from the penstock. The hydroelectric turbine converts the flow of water energy into
mechanical energy and that energy is used to the turbine shaft. The working principle of the
turbine is based on Faraday law. There are two things which work in the turbine one is called
inverter
MPPT charge controller Batteries 24v system Load
Solar Plates
Mono crystalline Poly crystalline
Solar energy system
Sun Rays H.Temperature

stator and another is called the rotor. The rotor is attached with the shaft of the turbine and the
blades are attached to that shaft and with low water pressure is created on the blades of the
turbine, the force is induced in the turbine's stator and Rotor, the magnetic field is produced
accordingly. After the generation of electricity, the distribution process is started. In this
distribution process, the lord of the whole city is divided into the Grid stations. From the grid
stations, electricity is provided to the end users.
Figure 2 schematic diagram of Hydro renewable energy system
Wind energy
In this renewable energy, the primary source of the generation of electricity is the flow of air. In
schematic diagram the generation process is shown there. In the wind power generation process,
Constructed dam
Surge tank
Water valves
Pen stock
Turbine
Distribute to end users

the kinetic energy converts into the mechanical energy and that mechanical energy is used to
rotate the turbine. The process of generation of energy is the same as previous but the primary
source to rotate the turbine is changed. In the given schematic diagram it is shown how the
process is followed step-by-step. First, the blades rotate the turbine's Rotor then the generation
process is started heavy transmission lines are used to transfer this electricity towards the grid
station. From the grid station, the distribution process is started. This energy system is installed
at domestic, commercial, and industrial level. There are two types of turbine one is called
horizontal Axis turbine and the other is called the vertical Axis turbine the horizontal Axis
turbine has 3 blades and vertical Axis turbine has multiple shape and size its shape and size
depending upon the environment and climate of the location. Wind turbines can be installed at a
micro level and macro level. This renewable energy resource is reliable for all kind of users.
There are a plethora of benefits of wind energy. For instance, we don't need to use fuel to rotate
the turbine, this energy is absolutely dust free so in the future, there will be no health issue for
human and wildlife.

Figure 3 schematic diagram of Wind renewable energy system
Tidal energy
In the given schematic diagram, it is shown that how tidal energy process its generation and
distribution process. Tidal energy is defined as it is the influence of the moon and sun's
gravitation on the ocean. The primary source to rotate the turbine is the waves of the sea. The
pressure is created under the depth of the sea; this pressure utilizes to rotate with the turbine.
This electricity is transferred from the site of generation through heavy wires towards the grid
stations at high voltage. From the grid stations, transmission line transferred the electricity
towards the end user. Transformers are used to step down the high voltage, these transformers
make the electricity able to run the appliances.
Wind energy
Drive train
stator and
rotor.
Turbine Grid Station Distribution
procedure
Load or
Appliances

Figure 4 schematic diagram of Tidal renewable energy system
Explore the rates of adoption of two of the above energy resources. Justify recommendations for
the adoption of the chosen renewable energy resources.
Adoption rate of solar energy
The adoption rate of solar energy is increasing exponentially. According to the recent report, the
worldwide solar installed capacity is increased by 95 G watts, which is the yearly increment of
34%. This capacity is reached up to 401 G watts by the end of the year. According to the
analyst, Asia is at number one in the production of solar, globally 75% solar capacity is installed
in Asia. In Europe 28% solar capacity is installed America has 19% and the Middle East has 2%
of whole global capacity is generated.
Recommendations
Tidal Drive
Train
turbine Grid Station
Distribution
process Appliences

This energy is strongly recommended in summer season because solar panels work efficiently in
the summer season but in the winter season, its efficiency is affected. In rural areas, where there
is no concept of electricity solar panels can also helpful for them. In urban areas, where
electricity is much expensive solar can reduce that cost because it is a one-time investment.
This renewable energy can easily install on the top roof of the house so there is no need to create
a supported to install this plant.
Adoption rate of wind energy
Wind energy is adopted worldwide. According to the recent report, wind energy is used in the
agriculture field approximately 40% of the total United State electricity generation. Now at this
time, the agriculture field is representing the main market for wind energy system, there are a
plethora of small and big units are installed of the wind energy system. This energy system is
not only an Adopt in the agriculture field but also at the domestic level, there is a big scope of
wind energy.
Recommendations
In my opinion, this renewable energy system should be installed in urban areas where the
electrical plants are not generating enough amount of electricity; wind energy is the best solution
for them. The small unit of wind energy can be installed on the top floor of the house.
LO2 Determine the optimum combination and efficiencies of renewable
energy technologies for a particular location
Choose two renewable energy systems from Task 1 and describe how these
systems. Could be connected with local systems.

Solar energy connection with the local system
Solar energy renewable system can be installed at an industrial level. The output supply
connections are given to the grid station. The heavy transmission line is used to distribute the
proper load and reach towards the end user. Any legal method could be used to connect with
Local system. The local bodies could be at a domestic commercial and industrial level, which
totally depends upon the current situation of installed capacity and demand of the load. For the
domestic level solar system is generating the installed capacity of 2 kilowatts, for a commercial
level this system is installed capacity in megawatts and for an industrial level this installed
capacity reaches up to gigawatts. Moreover, for domestic level, the government allowed to
install this system at the top of the roof of the house. Even at commercial level there is no
restriction to install this renewable energy system at the top of the floor, and user can easily
install without asking any permission from the government.
Figure 5 Solar energy connection with local bodies
Wind energy connection with local system
In the UK this energy system is mostly used in agriculture form. So it is easily connected with
the local body and installed in the small area where the flow of air is easily accessible.
However, this energy system can also be connected with the grid station and the capacity of

running registration can also be increased. In the UK this in Renewable Energy System is
increasing exponentially and the installed capacity is reached up to gigawatts. According to a
research report, they are making a suitable target for future Avenue. Eventually, they are going
to convert the whole city on the wind energy plants. In the distribution process, Transformers are
used to step down the high voltage. For long distance, at the high voltage, the electricity is
transferred from one region to another.
Figure 6 wind energy connection with local body
Choose a remote area and discuss how renewable energy systems will bring
benefit to the people living in the area.
For remote areas, renewable energy is the best solution and very beneficial for the people living
in that area. The local government is generating the renewable energy directly and reducing the
purchasing cost of electricity for remote areas it is best because this energy can be generated on