Voltage Collapse and Mitigation Strategies in Renewable Energy Systems

This research paper thoroughly examines the phenomenon of voltage collapse, with a specific focus on its implications for renewable energy sources such as solar PV and wind energy. The study investigates the causes of voltage collapse, including inadequate reactive power supply, heavily loaded systems, and low voltage profiles, and how these factors can destabilize power grids. The paper explores the concept of voltage instability, defining it as the inability of a system to meet reactive power demands. It highlights the importance of reactive power control and the application of control schemes, protective relaying, and other remedial actions to mitigate the risk of voltage collapse. The research discusses the modeling techniques used to analyze voltage collapse, differentiating between dynamic and static approaches, and examines various cases of voltage collapse experienced globally, including those related to transmission system limitations and load behavior. The paper underscores the significance of voltage control in renewable energy sources for maintaining system stability and preventing cascading failures. This report aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of voltage collapse and its impact on the operation and reliability of power systems that incorporate renewable energy sources.