Investigating the Correlation Between Extraversion & Psychopathy

This research report investigates the correlation between extraversion and psychopathy within a sample of inner-city, working-class British males and females. Utilizing a correlational research design, the study examines the relationship between these two personality traits, with data collected from 100 participants (50 males and 50 females) with an average age of 42.2. The findings indicate a moderate positive correlation (0.654) between extraversion and psychopathy scores, leading to the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis that a relationship exists between these variables. The discussion interprets these findings in the context of existing literature, highlighting the potential implications of high psychopathy scores, such as a lack of empathy and potential harm to self and others, while contrasting this with the more socially oriented nature of extraversion. The report also touches upon other personality traits like neuroticism and their influence on overall personality and behavior. This assignment solution is available on Desklib, a platform offering a wide range of study tools and resources for students.

Full research report

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
METHODS......................................................................................................................................4
Design.........................................................................................................................................4
Participant...................................................................................................................................4
Material.......................................................................................................................................4
Procedure....................................................................................................................................5
Ethics...........................................................................................................................................5
FINDINGS.......................................................................................................................................5
DISCUSSION..................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
The personality of the person is being defined as the difference between the thinking
pattern of the person and the way the behave. The personality of every person is different from
one another and this can affect the efficiency of the person to a great extent. For the person to
work in better manner it is very necessary for them to behave in better and effective manner such
that they can attain their objectives being set. There are different elements of personality which
need to be followed by the person in order to have a better working in highly competitive
environment. The personality traits involve different types of the elements like the neuroticism,
extraversion, IQ, psychopathy and many different types of the elements. All these elements need
to be present among the person so that they can work in better and effective manner. The current
study will outline the correlation between two of the different variables and this will help the
researcher in analysing the fact that whether these different factors affect the working and
personality of the person or not. The reason underlying this fact is that when the personality
factors will not be good then this will be affecting the efficiency of the business to a great extent.
In the views of Carvalho, Pianowski and Gonçalves, (2020) the 5 big personality traits
need to be inherited by the person because it assists them in improving the efficiency of the
person and work in better manner. This is pertaining to the fact that when the person will be
having a good personality then this will be affecting the efficiency and working capability of
them. Thus, this will be affecting and improving the working capability which in turn will
increase the competitiveness among the person. Along with this it was also seen that the person
who are victims of any violence then the personality of them is different as compared to other
normal people. Hence, with this it can be stated that when the person will be working in better
manner then this will be affecting the efficiency of the person. Hence, it can be stated that having
a good personality is very important for the person in order to improve the efficiency of them
and their working capability in better and effective manner.
Along with this Kerr, Kerr and Xu (2018) stated that extraversion is also an important
personality characteristic which includes the tendency within the person to focus on the
gratification being obtained from outside self. This is a personality trait that includes different
characteristics like high activity level, impulsivity, sociability, assertiveness and many other
different types of the characteristics. It can also be stated as the behaviour of the person wherein
they enjoy being around other people rather than being alone.

On the other hand, Bleidorn and et.al., (2019) states that another variable is psychopathy
which is a neuropsychiatric disorder which is being mentioned by deficient emotional responses
and the poor behavioural control. The person having psychopathy involves a set of personality
traits and behaviours which generally lacks the empathy and emotional sensitivity. All these
different characteristic traits of the personality involve the different types of effect on the overall
personality of the person. Hence, it is very necessary for them to work in better and effective
manner so that their personality is not affected in negative manner.
METHODS
Design
The design of the research is being defined as the strategy through which the researcher
selects to integrate that various components of study. This is very necessary for the researcher as
in case the study will not be good then this will be affecting the outcome of the research. thus, in
the present study the use of correlational research design is being used for presenting the data
(Zhu, Sari and Lee, 2018). This is because of the reason that this research design helps in
investigating the relationship being present within the variables being researched.
Participant
The participant is very necessary because without the participant the study cannot be
completed. In case the data selected will not be appropriate than it will be affecting the working
efficiency and research outcome to a great extent. the current study includes the sample which is
selected from the inner city working class population involving British females and males. Along
with this the sample selected is on the basis of random sampling technique and the data is being
collected from them only. Further the data outlined that gender distribution is equal that is 50
males and 50 females. Also, the average age of the participant was 42.2.
Material
Without the use of the material research cannot be completed in proper and effective
manner. This is because of the reason that when the material for the research will not be good
then this will be affecting the completion of research. hence, for this different secondary material
and sources were used relating to the research topic and by using the material the work and
output of the data increased to a great extent.

Procedure
The procedure involves the whole steps which the research will take in order to complete
the study in better and effective manner. Firstly, the data was collected from the participant with
help of the questions and then the data was gathered. After that with help of the different
statistical tools the data has been evaluated and the findings is being communicated with the
users and conclusions are being drawn.
Ethics
For the research to be successful it is very necessary that proper ethical consideration need
to be undertaken. for this the informed consent has been taken from the participant in order to
ensure that proper data is being gathered and this improves the quality of the research outcome in
better and effective manner (Harris and et.al., 2019). Along with this for the secondary data, the
too old data is not being used in the study and only the latest data relating to the research topic is
being outlined.
FINDINGS
H0- There is not any significant relation within the extraversion score and the psychopathy score.
H1- There is a relationship being present between extraversion score and the psychopathy score
within the person.
Correlations
Hare PCL-R
Psychopathy
score
BFI
Extraversion
score
Hare PCL-R
Psychopathy score
Pearson Correlation 1 .654**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 100 100
BFI Extraversion score Pearson Correlation .654** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 100 100
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
With the help of the finding from the correlation table it is clear that correlation between
both these variable is 0.654 or 65.4 %. This simply implies that there is moderate correlation
being present between both the variables and this need to be maintained in the same manner.

Along with this the significance value is 0.00 which is less than the standard of 0.05. Thus, with
this it can be stated that alternate hypothesis is being accepted and the null is being rejected. This
is particularly the significance value is the one which outlines the fact that whether there is any
relation between the variables or not. In the present case it is true that extraversion score is being
dependent over the psychopathy score as well.
DISCUSSION
With the finding above it is clear that there is a relation being present between both the
variables that is extraversion and psychopathy score. This is pertaining to the fact that both the
personality traits are being present within the person. The reason underlying this fact is that when
the in case the person is extraversion than they will be very outgoing. On the other hand, in case
of the psychopathy as well the person is having extrovert kind of behaviour only. Hence, it is
very necessary for the person to have a balance in the psychopathy behaviour.
In the views of Soto (2019) this is particularly because of the reason that when the person
is high in psychopathy then this implies that they might be having lack of empathy. Hence, it
might be possible that the person must be having tendency to affect the personality in negative
manner and can harm the other people as well. also, a person high in psychopathy can do
anything and can harm themselves and other person as well.
On the other side, is was evaluated that the extrovert person is also very unpredictable but
they cannot harm any other person. This is because of the reason that they know that what all
necessary things need to be managed in order to evaluate the working in better and effective
manner. The extrovert person is the one who likes to live among the other people and want to be
the centre of attraction for the others. In case of psychopathy score as well then the person is
having high score then it implies that the person can do anything and this will affect the working
and personality to a great extent.
Along with this the finding also stated that there are different types of the other
characteristic of the personality as well like neuroticism, IQ and many other different types of the
personality trait as well (Hughes and et.al., 2020). This is pertaining to the fact that when the
person is a psychopath then this can affect the working efficiency of the person to a great extent.
this person can do anything at anywhere and can also harm the other people as well as they lack
the empathy, emotional intelligence and others. Also, when the person is extraversion then they

can do anything but they have some stability within their mind and does not do anything which is
not correct morally and will not harm others.
Furthermore, in the views of Stieger and et.al., (2021) the other characteristic trait of
personality involves neuroticism which is a trait that outlines the disposition of the experience
which includes negative effects. This particularly involves the characteristics like anger, self-
consciousness, depression, irritability, emotional instability and many other different kind of
negative characteristic. This is very essential for the reason that when the person will be having
more of negative feeling then they will not be an extraversion. This is pertaining to the fact that
when the person is full of negative thinking then they will not be able to manage the work in
better and effective manner. Thus, they will not be in position to deal with others and it will be
affecting the efficiency and personality of the person to a great extent.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bleidorn, W., Hill, P. L., Back, M. D., Denissen, J. J., Hennecke, M., Hopwood, C. J., ... &
Roberts, B. (2019). The policy relevance of personality traits. American
Psychologist. 74(9). 1056.
Carvalho, L. D. F., Pianowski, G., & Gonçalves, A. P. (2020). Personality differences and
COVID-19: are extroversion and conscientiousness personality traits associated with
engagement with containment measures?. Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy. 42.
179-184.
Harris, D. E., Holyfield, L., Jones, L., Ellis, R., & Neal, J. (2019). Research methods.
In Spiritually and Developmentally Mature Leadership (pp. 57-65). Springer, Cham.
Hughes, D. J., Kratsiotis, I. K., Niven, K., & Holman, D. (2020). Personality traits and emotion
regulation: A targeted review and recommendations. Emotion. 20(1). 63.
Kerr, S. P., Kerr, W. R., & Xu, T. (2018). Personality traits of entrepreneurs: A review of recent
literature. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship. 14(3). 279-356.
Soto, C. J. (2019). How replicable are links between personality traits and consequential life
outcomes? The life outcomes of personality replication project. Psychological
Science. 30(5). 711-727.
Stieger, M., Flückiger, C., Rüegger, D., Kowatsch, T., Roberts, B. W., & Allemand, M. (2021).
Changing personality traits with the help of a digital personality change
intervention. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118(8). e2017548118.
Zhu, M., Sari, A., & Lee, M. M. (2018). A systematic review of research methods and topics of
the empirical MOOC literature (2014–2016). The Internet and Higher Education, 37, 31-
39.