Understanding Obesity in Young People: Causes and Consequences

This report delves into the critical issue of obesity in young people, examining its causes, consequences, and potential interventions. The analysis encompasses both quantitative and qualitative research, including studies on energy balance, impulsivity, and socio-demographic factors. The report explores the role of technology in primary care and highlights the global public health crisis posed by childhood obesity. It reviews various academic articles, discussing the importance of different academic writing styles and their application in understanding the complexities of obesity. The findings underscore the significance of addressing factors like dietary habits, physical activity, and environmental influences to combat the rising rates of obesity among young individuals. The report also discusses the health risks associated with obesity, such as cardiovascular disorders and psychological distress.

OBESITY IN YOUNG PEOPLE

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PART 1............................................................................................................................................1
PART 2............................................................................................................................................2
Section 1 Positivistic (quantitative) articles.................................................................................2
Article 4: Dynamics of childhood growth and obesity: development and validation of a
quantitative mathematical model.................................................................................................2
Article 5: Obesity and dissociable forms of impulsivity in young adults....................................2
Article 6: Predictors of Overweight and Obesity in American Indian Families with Young
Children........................................................................................................................................3
Section 2 Interpretative (anti-positivism/qualitative) articles......................................................3
Article 1: Childhood Obesity: A Global Public Health Crisis.....................................................3
Article 2: Obesity Prevention in Young People: The Role of Technology in Primary Care (PC)
......................................................................................................................................................4
Article 3: Childhood obesity: causes and consequences..............................................................5
Section 3 Discussion....................................................................................................................5
SECTION 4 CONCLUSION...........................................................................................................6
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Obesity in young people is a topic of concern and termed as imbalanced between
energy intake and expenditure. There are numerous reasons behind increasing obesity
among teenagers like behavioral, social, genital and psychological aspects. The aim of
study is to outline types of academic writing to develop critical understanding over there
increasing health issue. The reflective in part one will be outlining importance and type
of academic style which are incorporated in part two of assessment.
PART 1
Researching different types of articles and study helped me in gaining
understanding over types of academic writing which helps the scholar in summarizing
research findings with clarity (Academic writing, 2018). It is important for researchers to
incorporate use of academic writing in order to make study presentable and intellectual.
According to my learning over 6 articles over increasing obesity among young
people I will further analyze the expression that academic writing is a way of expressing
information, boundaries of discipline and areas of study which required expertise
(Hyland and Jiang, 2017). There are different types of academic writing that is
persuasive, descriptive, analytical and critical. Every style offers different way of
understanding over collected information.
From learning and analysis of different articles I evaluated that descriptive analysis
is important because it helps in framing clear picture of research information and paying
close attention to all area of research (Galvan and Galvan, 2017). Further, it used by
scholars because it comprises detailed information about place, topic of concern, topic
details and person related to study. In this the scholar have choice to make use of own
imaginative language, images and critical viewpoints.
Apart from this, I learned about the needs and importance of analytical writing
which I feel is the most progressive form of writing which encourages logical, validation
and critical thinking (DiTiberio and Jensen, 2018). However, in my opinion, this writing
style is epically used when the researcher aims at demonstrating relationship of two
dependent or independent variables. Thus, it can be said that this writing style is a form
of evaluate, contrast and assess collected and reviewed information. As per my
learning and reading over different articles oi evaluated the analytical researches helps
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in deriving different concern of research topic by relating it aim of study which makes
research significant.
On the other hand, there is critical writing which promotes use of intellectual skills
and helps in integrating diverse information altogether to derive one research outcome
(Milad, 2017). It is used by researcher because it is a problem solving style and helps in
flexible writing and encourages comparison and critical analysis of every basic
information which helps scholar and readers in developing critical understanding over
research type and aim. Thus, I feel it helps in making reasoned conclusion to support
diverse information and ideas.
PART 2
Section 1 Positivistic (quantitative) articles
Article 4: Dynamics of childhood growth and obesity: development and validation of a
quantitative mathematical model
In this study focus of policy makers and clinicians is on predicting response of body
weight of young people to obesity intervention which will be determined with the help of
quantitative analysis (Hall and et.al., 2013). In this researcher made use of childhood
energy balance model which will helps in developing understanding over health growth
and development. Further, in this study model was calibrated with reference to body
composition data of healthy young children.
In accordance with model, it is evaluated in study that the mean energy intake of
children of 5 to 11 years was 750 Kcal high per day which was higher in comparison to
healthy white body boys which were sampled while 850 Kcal as higher in obese girls in
accordance with heathy ones. However, obese boys were predicted to be eating 1100
Kcal extra from health sampled boys and 1300 Kcal was consumed extra by obese
females. From the evaluation, it was discussed the energy intake of unhealthy sampled
boys and girls was higher in accordance with their energy expenditure which determines
weight gain and increasing obesity among young people.
Article 5: Obesity and dissociable forms of impulsivity in young adults
As per scholar obesity among young people is the cause of mortality and morbidity,
therefore the aim of study was to investigate relationship between dissociable forms of
impulsivity and obesity in teenagers (Chamberlain and et.al., 2015). The study is based
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on quantitative analysis where scholar recruited 511 young adults from city areas of
United States to analyse quantify their aspects of impulsivity that is cognitive,
personality and behavioural measures. In this relationship of impulsivity and obesity is
analysed with the help of discriminant function evaluation and multivariate evaluation of
variance.
However, from the test and analysis, it is determined that 10.8 % of total sample
was suffering from Obesity whereas 21.5 % of young people were suffering from
overweight. In accordance with analysis, it is determined that majority of sampled obese
young people were showed gambling behaviours from where it is determined that
individual has lost certain amount while gambling as a reason behind increasing obesity
among young people.
Article 6: Predictors of Overweight and Obesity in American Indian Families with Young
Children
The focus of study is to determine socio demographic aspects and health behaviors of
American Indian families to predict cause of increasing obesity among young people
(Adams and et.al., 2018). The design of study is cross sectional base line data and
descriptive where respondents of research are 450 American Indian families who have
children of age 2 to 5 years.
When combined overweight and obesity rates of families was high that is 82 % and 40 %
respectively. The lifestyle behavior of these families denoted regular consumption of sugar
sweetened desserts, fruit and vegetable. However, the children screen time and physical activities
did not match up with assumed or predicted one that is according to national health
recommendations. Thus, as per the research it is determined that the significant cause of obesity
in young people was adults in household that is the individual who are responsible for managing
care of young individuals.
Section 2 Interpretative (anti-positivism/qualitative) articles
Article 1: Childhood Obesity: A Global Public Health Crisis
The study is based on determining increasing cause of Obesity and its impact of
growth of child. It stated obesity as global health crisis which is increasing due to intake
of imbalance diet and calories by people (Karnik and Kanekar, 2012). This a qualitative
study where researcher evaluated different academic review that is CIAHL, ERIC,
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Premier data bases and ERIC. These are studies which were conducted form period of
2011 to 1999. The purpose of this review is to determine similarity among causes of
obesity in young population. The investigator ion was also based on behavioral,
environmental and genital factors are another causes of increasing obese population.
Further, to derive valid and accurate results the scholar made use of intervention which
were based on community, family, school, play and hospital. However, the keywords of
study were childhood obesity, calorie imbalance, changing policy, intervention and
physical activity.
The study outlined all the causes and impact of obesity in young people which
helps the researcher in gaining insight over the actual problems like, increasing obesity
among young teenager is the main cause of social, physical and psychological health
problems. According to research it is determined that lack of physical activity, is the
major behavioral cause of Obesity among young people across the globe. Sedentary
lifestyle has made children lazy because of which the individual spend most of their time
in front of television, video games and computer due to which the body is unable to
absorb energy of dense food, which is ultimately giving rise to obesity.
Article 2: Obesity Prevention in Young People: The Role of Technology in Primary Care
(PC)
In accordance with this article, it is being determined that 1 among 3 young of
developed countries like Australia are suffering from overweight and obesity (Partridge
and Redfern, 2018). As per researcher, the person having high Body mass index is
more likely to suffer from obesity or overweight. The entire study is based on systematic
review and is qualitative analysed where researcher reviewed different topics that is role
of primary care in preventing obesity among teenagers, overweight and obese teenage
population, technology based intervention to enable PC to Juveniles, etc. It promotes
critical understanding over the health issue and measure to prevent obesity among
children.
The study encouraged the idea of creating awareness about obesity and health
services among young people with the help of mobile phones because majority of
young people of society have regular access to intent and to their smartphones. In this
study focus of researcher in on predicting increase in obese population and measure to
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control for which it outlined electronic heath and key component of public health
services. Mobile heath intervention is primary care strategy which will helps
professionals and psychologist in direct communicating with teenagers about health
improvement and change in behavioural factors.
Article 3: Childhood obesity: causes and consequences
The researcher discussed about epidemic levels of childhood obesity in
developing countries. The study stated that obesity in young people is the major cause
of psychological physical distress (Sahoo and et.al., 2015). The research in this article
is based on key issues and qualitative analysis where the focus of authors was on
determining causes and prevention of increasing obesity. The method used in this study
is qualitative analysis where researcher interpreted all the necessary information from
different secondary sources that is, books, journals, article, blogs, etc. The common
concern of investigation of emerging coronary cardiovascular diseases and type IOI
disease from early childhood for which major cause over weight and obesity.
The key word used by scholar were childhood obesity, lifestyle, epidemiology,
over weight and consequences. In this authors outlined several majors to measure body
fat percentage like underwater weighing, magnetic resonance imaging, increasing Body
mass index and multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. On the other hand, it
derived causes if increase obese young people which is imbalance between energy
intake an expenditure. However, it can be argued that dietary intake preferences are the
major cause of concern for teenagers because the individual spend most of their time
on studying, indoor gaming, schools, etc. where they lack physical exercising and food
preferences.
Section 3 Discussion
Article 4: Use of model in research determined that balancing energy is the major concern
point which can assist society in controlling obesity and other related diseases.
Article 5: The study determined that individual has lost certain amount while gambling or
are involved in excessive nicotine consumption. Therefore, it is assumed the nicotine
treatment of young people can help in managing obesity.
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Article 6: It is outlined that the major case of increase obese young population of
American Indian families is environment of home and families and guardians which
leads to unhealthy diet influence in early stages of growth.
Article 1: From the research it can be discussed health related risk which arise due to
increasing obesity are Cardiovascular disorders, increased cholesterol, high blood
pressure, sleep apnea and shortness of breath.
Article 2: From the research, it is clear that young people of developed countries are ta
major risk of obesity and weight gain for which intervening into their life is the crucial
factor which help the individual in setting own heath goals and self-monitoring. Hence,
technology based care intervention will also lead to parental intervention in lives of
adolescents and young adults.
Article 3: The study summarized by outlining views of scholar over Basal metabolic rate
is accountable for 60% of total energy expenditure in sedentary adults. Apparently in
obese individuals there is lower basal metabolic rates which is because of increasing
consumption of junk food.
SECTION 4 CONCLUSION
The study summarized different quantitative and qualitative article which helps in
outlining major cause of increasing obesity among young people that is excessive
energy intake via consumption of junk food, lack of physical exercising, nicotine intake
and home environment. It outlined that obesity is not limited to increasing weight but it
encourages various chronic illness like Type Ii diabetes, Cardiovascular disorders, etc.
Thus, it also concluded about importance and learning from incorporated academic
writing.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Adams, A.K. and et.al., 2018. Predictors of Overweight and Obesity in American Indian
Families with Young Children. Journal of nutrition education and behavior.
Chamberlain, S.R. and et.al., 2015. Obesity and dissociable forms of impulsivity in
young adults. CNS spectrums. 20(5). pp.500-507.
Hall, K.D. and et.al., 2013. Dynamics of childhood growth and obesity: development and
validation of a quantitative mathematical model. The lancet Diabetes &
endocrinology. 1(2). pp.97-105.
Sahoo, K. and et.al., 2015. Childhood obesity: causes and consequences. Journal of
family medicine and primary care. 4(2). p.187.
Partridge, S.R. and Redfern, J., 2018. Obesity Prevention in Young People: The Role of
Technology in Primary Care. Of. 4. p.2.
Karnik, S. and Kanekar, A., 2012. Childhood obesity: a global public health crisis. Int J
Prev Med. 3(1). pp.1-7.
Hyland, K. and Jiang, F.K., 2017. Is academic writing becoming more informal? English
for Specific Purposes. 45. pp.40-51.
Galvan, J.L. and Galvan, M.C., 2017. Writing literature reviews: A guide for students of
the social and behavioral sciences. Routledge.
DiTiberio, J.K. and Jensen, G.H., 2018. Writing and personality: Finding your voice,
your style, your way. Routledge.
Milad, M., 2017. Blended learning approach: integrating reading and writing research
skills to improve academic writing. Arab Journal of Applied Linguistics. 2(2).
pp.23-55.
Online
Academic writing. 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<https://library.leeds.ac.uk/info/14011/writing/106/academic_writing>.
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