CBRE3103 - Requirement Engineering Report: Analysis and Comparison

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of requirement engineering, focusing on the roles of business analysts and system analysts. It explores the differences between business analysis and system analysis, highlighting the activities and responsibilities of each role within the context of online banking systems. The report delves into the comparison between Business Requirement Documents (BRD) and Software Requirement Specifications (SRS), outlining their respective purposes and the information they contain. Furthermore, it examines the functional and non-functional requirements of online banking systems, emphasizing the importance of both types of requirements for ensuring efficient and reliable service delivery. The report uses the Malaysian online banking system as a case study, and it underscores the significance of requirement engineering in developing robust and customer-centric banking solutions. The analysis covers crucial aspects such as online balance checks, data entry, money transfers, and customer database management, alongside non-functional requirements like efficiency, reliability, and adherence to organizational and external constraints. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of a well-defined requirement engineering process for the successful development and implementation of online banking systems.

Running Head: REQUIREMENT ENGINEERING
REQUIREMENT ENGINEERING
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Executive Summary
The purpose of this report is to discuss the concept of business analysis and system analysis
and the importance of system analysis process in online-banking system. The study is
supported by analysing the Malaysian online banking system and implementing the
requirements in the system analysis process. It is found that, the banks and financial
institutions must focus on functional and non-functional requirements for an efficient
flexibility in the online-banking process.

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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Discussions.................................................................................................................................3
System Analysis.....................................................................................................................4
Role of Business Analyst.......................................................................................................4
Role of System Analyst..........................................................................................................5
Difference between Business Requirement Document (BRD) and Software Requirement
Specification (SRS)................................................................................................................6
Functional Requirements for online Banking system............................................................8
Non-functional requirements of online-banking..................................................................10
Conclusion................................................................................................................................13
References................................................................................................................................15

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Introduction
The paper will focus on the software requirements that is involved in development of
the software. The paper will discuss on the role of business analyst in the business analysis
process and the role of software analyst in the software analysis process. The paper will also
compare the difference between business requirement document (BRD) and software
requirement specification (SRS). The last part of this paper will discuss on the functional and
non-functional requirements of software development for efficient online-banking services.
The main objective of this report is to discuss the concept of system analysis process in
online-banking system.
Discussions
Business Analysis
Business Analysis is a research process that is involved in identifying the required
needs of the business and identifies the solutions to their problems. Business solutions may
include software development, improvement of process, change in strategic policy and many
more (Lian & Chen, 2019). Requirement engineering includes all the activities involved in
business analysis process that mainly focuses in building products to improve the business
process. Business analysts work with their stakeholders to solve the business related
problems.
Business analysis deals with various activities like it is involved in company analysis,
the required planning and management of the organisation, requirement elicitation,
requirements communication, PESTLE analysis, Requirements communication, system
development & evaluation and documentation (Rudianto, 2020).

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System Analysis
System analysis is the process of collecting & interpreting the facts and identifying
the various problems involved in the business (Das, 2016). This process is involved in
identifying the business objectives and solve the problems in order to ensure that, the
components of business system work efficiently. This system study each and every part of the
business system in order to identify the business objective (Reno, Deboever & Mather, 2017).
This system helps the developer to analyse the requirements and develop an application
according to the research & requirements.
System analysis is involve in five most important activities in a business, this
includes; formulating, searching, explaining, evaluating and interpreting the study or
research. This means that, it gathers the important information from the research, then define
the major requirements, then prioritize the most important requirement, evaluate those
requirements with the users and enhance the functional requirements (Huang et al., 2016).
Role of Business Analyst
A business analyst is an individual that is involved in undergoing the business
analysis process. A business analysis have various responsibilities towards a business. The
business analyst interact with the company stakeholders and experts in order to understand
the problems and the needs required for solving the problems (Shah, 2017). A business
analyst is involved in designing technical solutions to the problems. They conduct market
research and analyse the product lines that is required for the business profitability. They
develop the technical solutions by monitoring the best quality of data to ensure the
information meet the business needs. A business analyst is also involved in project
management process (McDonald, 2017). They take responsibility to identify the problems
that may affect the business solution. They work along with the project manager to analyse
the business system problems and recommend the project manager with the best solutions.

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Business analyst play a critical role in building ideas and capabilities of a business. They help
in creating a valuable & optimise the business process. Some of the important role of a
business analyst are:
 They are involved in designing of business & IT systems.
 They are involved in gathering the information’s, document the data and analyse the
business requirements (Chernysheva, 2019).
 They are involved in designing the technical solutions for the business related
problems.
 They interact with the architect & developer for properly implement the business
solution.
 They are also involved in helping the system developer in developing the system.
Role of System Analyst
A system analyst is an individual who solve the business problems and design
techniques using information technology systems. System analyst is most importantly
involved in designing the business systems by collecting the data and analyse the
requirements for developing the system (Sugiandi & Kerlooza, 2018). They are involved in
designing flowcharts, collecting the requirements and helping in collecting the necessary
software. A system analyst collaborates with the IT staffs for evaluating the computer
systems and designing a new systems. They help in setting the business objectives and the
technical requirements for reaching the business goals. They keep assurance on maintaining
the quality of software. They play a vital role in delivering value to the organisation through
an efficient management information system.
A business organisation keep system analyst who can understand the best solutions
that can be implemented for solving the business problems. A system analyst understand both

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businesses and technology. An analyst delivers a technical format that can be easily
understandable to an IT expert (Neigel et al., 2018). They form a bridge between the
translating the business opportunity to the information systems and then specifying the
system to a technologist who can enhance the task. Some of the roles of a system analysts
are:
 Act as an architect and develop the information system that can be easily be upgraded
with the business needs.
 They are also known as an agent of change. They use different approaches to bring
certain changes in the information system for facilitating the business operations
(Costain & McKenna, 2019).
 They act as an investigator by defining the problems and finding the reason behind the
system failure. A system analysts also regularly monitor the information technology
system in order to avoid the unnecessary cost and wastes of resources.
 They prioritize the requirements according the business system requirements.
 A system analyst is involved in designing and evaluating the system with the help of
development team in order to reach the goal (Weston, Bennett-Moses & Sanders,
2019).
Difference between Business Requirement Document (BRD) and Software Requirement
Specification (SRS)
BRD SRS
 This document holds the important
information’s that provides solutions
for the business project.
 This documents holds the important
information that can guide the
system developers in evaluating the
finish product of the business.
 This document mainly emphasise on  This document mainly emphasise on

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the needs of the customers. the needs of the managers for
planning and development of the
system.
 It specifies a particular technology
that helps the provider in satisfying
the business & customer needs
(Alla, Pazos & DelAguila, 2017).
 It specifies a particular software, set
of programs and program that can
perform the particular functions.
 This document act as an input for
satisfying the requirements of a
project.
 This document acts an input for
designing the solution and helps in
reducing the redesigning and
retesting effort.
 This documents hold he cost and
benefit record that is involved in the
project. Basically, it is involved in
cost-benefit analysis.
 This document is involved in
software validation and testing. It
provides a baselines for testing &
validating the strategies for
implementing the business
requirements (Deosi, 2020).
 Any future enhancement related to
business project can be done by
analysing the BRD document.
 Any future enhancement related to
the software can be done by
analysing the SRS document.
 This document is presented by
Business analyst.
 This document is presented by
system analysts.
Malaysian online Banking System

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Malaysia is involved in making cashless payment environment in the banking sectors,
to allow an individual to easily perform the banking activities like purchases, bill payments,
money transfers and many other functions (Shahmir, et al., 2019). The online-banking system
automatically delivers the product & services to their customers through electronic channels.
Customers can easily access to the banking services through online internet system.
Malaysian Banks are operating according to the Bank Negara Malaysia guidelines to
establish a good practice of online banking services to the customers & institutions. The
banks that are only licensed with banking & financial institutions act 1989 and Islamic
Banking act 1983 are allowed for doing online banking services in Malaysia.
Functional Requirements for online Banking system
Online Banking system is involved in various common banking services like account
management, investment opportunities, cash management, employee benefits and other
common e-banking services (Iqbal & Babar, 2016). The information related to customer is
very sensitive and therefore the system analyst must be careful in delivering an efficient
requirements for developing the software that can protect the confidential information of the
customers and the institutions. Technical writers should concern on the customers data and
should not only apply their knowledge to the requirements, but apply their knowledge for
designing of the specification. Some of the functional requirements of online banking are:
 Online balance check.
 Online opportunity for shopping.
 Online data entry.
 Updating the data online.
 Transferring the balance online.

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Data Flow Diagram for online banking
Open Account
Online Banking login
Bank
ManagerNew account
details
Customer
Database
Account Database
Account detail
Withdraw
Account
balance update
Customer
Deposit
Money amount
Money
amount
Login authorizations
Transfer money
Account destination & money
amount
Other Bank Amoun
t

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This flow chart will provide a base to design the software depending on the
requirements of the system function. The functional requirements include all the functions the
online banking services will be able to perform based on the requirements (Omondi, 2017).
The following are the important functional requirement for software development:
 Describe a proper service system that will perform the functions. This step will
specify the specification of the system.
 Enhancing the important inputs and assessing the user to efficiently react with the
inputs.
 Description of how the system should behave in a particular
 The functional requirements should include certain quality statement like fast, usable,
efficient and reliable.
 The requirements are useful for the developers for developing a system that is
expected by their customers.
The functional requirements can be gathered by interviewing or prototyping the
requirements from the stakeholders (Syniavska et al., 2019). The functional requirements
should be verified by the managers of the business.
Non-functional requirements of online-banking
The non-functional requirements of online banking includes all the characteristics of a
system. In addition to meeting with the requirements, reliability of the system with accuracy
is very important part of software engineering. They are also known as quality attributes of a
system (Babar et al., 2018). This properties is more critical than functional requirements.
Some of the constraints include organisational policies, budget, law and political constraints
that is involved with this concept. The online-banking must have following non-functional
requirement for maintaining the reliability of the system:

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 Product Requirements- Efficiency, reliability and profitability requirements.
 Organisational requirements- The delivery requirements, standards requirements,
implementation requirements.
 External requirements- Ethical requirements and Interoperability requirements in
computer software or systems.
The non-functional requirements is derived from the development objectives and
system constraints.
 The development process it should follow to develop the system.
 The design that must be produced with a particular tool.
 The programming language required to develop the system.
 The target environment to be operated.
 The skills required for the system developers.
The non-constraints are raised form the above sources. Some of the important sources of
quality attributes are:
 System constraints- The system constraints includes all the elements that is operated
in a business environment. This includes legacy applications, budget & schedule f the
organisation, the process that supports the system (Lee et al., 2019).
 Organisation development constraints- the time required for marketing the product,
the resources required for development, the processes supported by the system and the
skills required by the engineers.
 Quality attributes- The most important quality attributes is performance from a
particular system which include; ease of learning & easily use. The quality attributes
are also related to productivity, schedules, work balance and efficiency. It is related to
product features by analysing the past competitors of the product. This must be

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recognised by the development team. The quality attributes from competitors is
derived by analysing how many product are produced in the previous year and
analysing the industry trends (Yanusha, Kartheeswaran & Lojenaa, 2018).
The non-functional requirement for online banking is that, the software must be
accurate and secured. The most important non-functional requirement for online-banking
include;
(a) Conformation to the respective standard mentioned by Malaysian banking and
financial institutional act 1989.
(b) The online-banking system must be easily accessible by the users. It should undergo
an efficient memory management.
(c) The system hardware must be designed in such a way that, the cheap hardware can be
effectively used in the hardware.
(d) The software modules must be designed in such a way that it can be easily integrated
with the system.
(e) The software must be reliable and compatible.
(f) It should implement technology evolution in the system for providing security in the
software. This system has been designed with MS access and HTML languages.
These languages provides security to the data. Online banking should securely use
this technologies in their software projects (Martin et al., 2018).
These are the two functional and non-functional requirements that every bank and
financial institutes must include in their business system to deliver best financial services to
their customers. The functional and non-functional requirements generally suffered from
various problems in the software systems. The problems include;

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 Absence of clarity- The functional and non-functional requirements generally face
lack of clarity and is easily non-understandable due to ambiguity problem. This is
because the requirements have lot of multiple interpretations which is difficult to read
and understandable.
 Confusion- In both the requirements, the goals and information design is not clear and
is confusing.
 Amalgamation- The requirements are involved with multiple requirements. This cause
amalgamation.
These problem can be avoided by following the guidelines that is suggested by
Sommerville and Sawyer.
Conclusion
Therefore, it is concluded that, business analysis and system analysis plays an
important role in developing the business technology for meeting the required objective.
Business analysis deals with solving the business related problems by identify the
requirements and providing the best technical solutions as a problem solving technique.
Business analyst plays an important role in business analysis process. They interact with the
stakeholders and develop a particular solutions for the project development. The system
analyst is involved in the system analysis process. System analyst work with the IT staffs and
engage in providing technical solution for developing the software. They are delivering value
by executing an efficient management information system. The business requirement
document is used to keep all the information related to business analysis and for future
reference of any project. Software requirement specification documents is used to keep all the
information related to software. Software requirements is very important in online-banking
services. In Malaysian online-banking services, the software requirements are developed

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according the guidelines established by the Bank Negara Malaysia. This guidelines is
incorporated with Banking and Financial Institution act 1989 and Islamic Banking act 1983.

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