Comprehensive Analysis: Brexit Impact on European Union Operations

This research proposal examines the impact of Brexit on the operations of the European Union. The study begins with an overview, problem statement, research objectives, research questions, and hypothesis. It then reviews the literature on Brexit and the EU's operations. The methodology section outlines the research philosophy, design, approach, strategy, and data collection methods, employing a descriptive research design and a deductive approach. The study uses thematic analysis to examine the effects of Brexit on the EU, focusing on size and wealth, policy changes, economic impacts, and institutional changes. The findings indicate that Brexit has a significant impact on the EU's operations, leading to budget changes, policy shifts, and economic and institutional adjustments. The report concludes by summarizing the key findings and implications of Brexit on the EU's future.

Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL
IMPACT OF BREXIT ON THE OPERATIONS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Executive Summary
The vote which supported the Brexit took the world by the storm with respect to which, various
opinions came forward in order to understand the Impact of the Brexit on the European Union
operations. Hence, the aim of the study can be understood to be to analyze impact of the Brexit
discussed on t on the European Union. This was then followed by a brief background of the
paper in the form of the Introduction chapter. The Review of Literature presented a brief
overview of the Brexit and the operations of the Union. This was then followed by the Research
Methodology which stated down the different research techniques studied for the research
objective. The fourth chapter was the findings and analysis paper which thematically analyzed
the impact of the Brexit on the European Union. The alternate hypothesis was accepted and with
respect to this, it was understood that the Brexit has a profound impact on the operations of the
European Union.

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
Overview......................................................................................................................................4
Problem statement.......................................................................................................................4
Research Objectives and Aims....................................................................................................4
Research Question.......................................................................................................................4
Research Hypothesis....................................................................................................................5
Scope of the Paper.......................................................................................................................5
Literature Review............................................................................................................................6
Overview......................................................................................................................................6
Brexit-The Motion.......................................................................................................................6
Operations of the European Union..............................................................................................7
The Impact of the Motion on the Operations of the European Union.........................................7
Research Methodology....................................................................................................................8
Research Philosophy....................................................................................................................8
Research Design..........................................................................................................................8
Research Approach......................................................................................................................8
Research Strategy and Data collection........................................................................................8
Data Analysis...............................................................................................................................9
Findings and Analysis....................................................................................................................10

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Overview....................................................................................................................................10
Thematic Analysis.....................................................................................................................10
Size and wealth..........................................................................................................................10
Policy changes...........................................................................................................................11
Economic impacts......................................................................................................................13
Institutional changes..................................................................................................................14
Analysis.....................................................................................................................................14
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................15
References......................................................................................................................................16

4RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Introduction
Overview
Back in 2016, the Brexit motion had taken place where the Britain had voted to exit out
of the European Union and establish the different operations on their own. The Brexit can have
considerable impact on the overall operations of the European Union as the different
organizations as present can be understood to have considerable impacts on one another (Begg
and Mushövel 2016). Hence, the study primarily aims to outline the manner in which motion will
affect the overall operations and procedures of the Union.
Problem statement
The different members of the European Union are greatly dependent on one another and
it is with respect to this that, it becomes considerably crucial for the researcher to understand
how the different countries are greatly dependent on one another and how the exit of one
operation will be bound to have an impact on the other.
Research Objectives and Aims
The aim of the research is to find the overall impact of the Brexit on the European Union
and to find the manner in which the Union tends to operate amongst its overall member
countries.
The primary objectives of the research can be understood to be as follows:
1. To find the impact of Brexit on the operations of the European Union
Research Question
The research question can be understood to be as follows:

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What is the impact of Brexit on the operations of the European Union?
Research Hypothesis
The hypothesis which will be present in the question can be understood to be as follows:
H1: The Brexit does have a strong impact on the operations of the European Union
H0: The Brexit does not have a strong impact on the operations of the European Union
Scope of the Paper
The paper will follow a particular outline whereby the first chapter will lay out the
overall scope and the background of the study. The second chapter will lay down the review of
Literature whereby the overall concept of the Brexit, its existence and the operations of the
European Union will be discussed. This shall then be followed by the Research methodology
whereby the techniques of the research adopted for the paper will be outlined. The fourth chapter
will outline the findings and analysis of the study, which will then be followed by the Conclusion
of the study which will summarize the study in a comprehensive manner.

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Literature Review
Overview
The Brexit can be understood to be the initiative which was adopted by the Britain to exit
out of the European Union. The Britain was facing considerable issues by remaining in the
Union and it is with respect to this that the Britain Prime Minister passed a motion where they
stated their wish to opt out of the union (Belke and Gros 2017). However, this news shocked the
entire nation and the globe as the Britain forms an integral part of the European Union as present
and it is in relation to this that, the review will try to highlight the manner in which these
operations will have an overall impact on the union (Nytimes.com 2019).
Brexit-The Motion
The Brexit can be understood to be a shorthand way of describing when the United
Kingdom will be leaving the European Union. The Britain decided to pass a referendum based
on which every voter decided the fact whether the United Kingdom should leave or remain in the
European Union. The Leave won by 52% to 48%. The turnout was 72% which means more than
30 million voted for or against the motion. Europe can be understood to be one of the most
important export markets and one of the biggest source of foreign investment. In line of this, the
membership in the bloc has gone a long way in helping London to position itself as a financial
leader. The Brexit as promised will be able to bring about the end free movement, take the rights
of the people from elsewhere in Europe to live as well as work in Britain as well as other
countries (Begg and Mushövel 2016). This can be understood to be a triumph for the working
class people who generally view immigration as threat to the jobs. However, this can disrupt the
young students from working abroad.

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Operations of the European Union
The European Union is an economic and political partnership involving the 28 European
counties. The Union was formed after the World War Two in order to foster economic
cooperation with the overall concept that countries who are in trade together will be less likely to
go on war with one another (Belke and Gros 2017). In time, this turned out to be a single market
which allows the different people as well as goods to move around easily and become member
states to become one country. The union has its own currency and works on a wide range of
areas such as the transport, environment, consumer rights and even domains like the mobile
phone charges.
The Impact of the Motion on the Operations of the European Union
When the United Kingdom leaves the European Union, then in such a scenario there shall
be problems which will result in high barriers to trade, considerable capital flows as well as labor
mobility as this will have a considerable output and jobs which will not only take place in the
United Kingdom but will also have an impact on the European Union States (Wadsworth et al.
2016). As the Brexit will result in both the parties withdrawing from a frictionless economic
relationship, there shall exist considerable cost on both thee sides.

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Research Methodology
Research Philosophy
The research philosophy can be understood to be a belief based on which the data about a
particular phenomenon is gathered, analyzed as well as made use of (Kothari 2004). The research
philosophy which has been adopted in the line of research can be understood to be the Realism
philosophy whereby the methods of data analysis will be well suited for the qualitative research.
Research Design
The research design can be understood to be the set of methods as well as procedures
which are generally used in collecting as well as analyzing variables as present in the research
problem (Kumar 2019). The descriptive research design has been adopted for the purpose of the
study with respect to which the data and related information will be explained in a descriptive
manner.
Research Approach
The research approach generally comprises of the plan and procedure which comprises of
broad assumptions with respect to the detailed method of data collection and analysis (Kothari
2004). The research approach which has been adopted for the purpose of the paper can be
understood to be the Deductive data approach as the data will be deduced from the research.
Research Strategy and Data collection
The research strategy which has been adopted for the purpose of the study can be
understood to be the Case Study approach. In the Case study approach, the manner in which
Brexit will impact the effectiveness of the European Union has been discussed and this research
strategy shall assist the researcher in carrying out the research in a comprehensive manner

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(Kumar 2019). The data for the researcher has been collected with the help of secondary sources
of data collection like the journals newspapers and other related educational and business
sources.
Data Analysis
The data analysis method which has been adopted for the purpose of the paper can be
understood to be the qualitative analysis method whereby the thematic analysis has been made
use of in order to understand the impact of Brexit on the operations of the European Union
(Marczyk, DeMatteo and Festinger 2005).

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Findings and Analysis
Overview
The Brexit can have a considerable impact on the European Union as it will result in
considerable social as well as economic changes to the Union but will also trigger political as
well as institutional shifts. The extent of these effects generally remains speculative in nature and
cannot be mentioned in precise terms of the United Kingdom ‘post relationship after the Brexit.
However, with the various policies of the European Union on the freedom of movement and
related aspects, the drawbacks shall have an impact on the relationship of the United Kingdom
with the European Union which can be understood to have considerable consequences for both
the institutions as present.
Thematic Analysis
The overall impact of the Brexit on the European Union will be understood by dividing
the analysis into various themes. The themes have been outlined as follows:
Size and wealth
The United Kingdom can be understood to have a considerable impact on the overall
revenue of the European Union and back in 2016, the UK`s contribution to the EU can be
understood to be €19.4 billion. The loss to the European Union’s budget can be understood to be
affected by 5% in an overall manner. Hence, to match up with the overall budgets of the union,
EU will be required to reduce the expenses by 30%.

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Figure 1: The bonds between European Union and United Kingdom
(Source: Wright 2016)
Policy changes
According to Dhingra et al. (2016), the United Kingdom can be understood to be a major
player in the domain of the European Union and is an asset to the same. The UK can be
understood to be an influential player in the Parliament and its absence can be understood to
have a strong impact on the overall ideological balance within the related institutions (McGrattan
and Waddle 2017). A majority of the operations of the United Kingdom can be understood to
have a key asset for the European Union and is one of the major fields with respect to the foreign
affairs, defense and related military powers. Hence, without the United Kingdom, the European

12RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Union will not be as influential as earlier (Dhingra et al. 2016). In regard to the Eurozone, the
relationship which tends to exist between the euro and the non euro states has been on a
considerably debate during the United Kingdom’s stay and its withdrawal from the European
Union. Hence, the Brexit has had a considerable impact on the balance of the power which exists
between those in and out of the euro and thereby avoiding the euro zone caucus which will then
out vote the non euro states. Earlier, the United Kingdom had called for the European treaties
which have to be amended to declare the European Union as a multi-currency union (Nunez-
Ferrer and Rinaldi 2016).
Figure 2: The impact of Brexit analyzed
(Source: Tetlow and Stojanovic 2018)

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Economic impacts
The economic impacts of the Britain`s exit from the European Union can be understood
in terms of the Trade with the Union and the Migration. The trade impact of the Brexit on the
United Kingdom will be considered to be slightly negative and the same can be understood to be
the impact on the Union (Kierzenkowski et al. 2016). The UK and the EU can be understood to
have become the world`s largest partners but other such notable states like the Germany,
Belgium, Cyprus and Ireland can be understood to have been more exposed to the shock (Busch
and Matthes 2016). The motor vehicles, electronics and the processed food will be considerably
affected in this domain. With respect to Migration, the impact of this can be felt considerably on
the eastern European states who have 1.2 million workers. Although the influx of the workers
will be beneficial to various workers such as the Germany but then may become politically
problematic to execute (Lawless and Morgenroth 2019).
Figure 3: The loosening ties

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(Source: Sampson 2017)
Institutional changes
In relation to the Institutional changes, it can be largely understood that the United
Kingdom is currently hosting the European Medicines Agency and the Banking authority
(Lawless and Morgenroth 2019). As per the rule, any Union office cannot be located outside the
European Union and hence, the Union will be required to look out for new host cities and states.
Moreover, the United Kingdom can be understood to have 10% seats in the European Parliament
which will be vacant before the 2024 elections (Dhingra et al. 2016). Hence, as per the rules,
some of the seats will be redistributed amongst the members and the rest will be kept new for the
new members (Belke and Gros 2017).
Analysis
Hence, from the given analysis, it can be largely understood that, the Brexit which is a
short hand name given to the exit of the United Kingdom from the European Union will have
considerable impacts on both the parties (Portes and Forte 2017). The United Kingdom will lose
out on considerable support and trade benefits which it has with respect to the member countries
and in the same way, even the different member countries of the EU and the Union as a whole
will lose out on a number of economic, financial and institutional benefits that it had when UK
was a part of the European Union (Bergin et al. 2017). Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected
and the Alternate hypothesis is accepted thereby stating that, the European Union will be greatly
affected by the exit of the United Kingdom.

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Conclusion
Therefore, from the given analysis, it can be largely understood that, the study had set out
aimed at finding the overall impact of the Brexit on the European Union. The notion for the
Brexit was proposed back in 2016 and since then, there have been various speculations with
respect to the overall impact of the Brexit on the European Union. The primary aim of the paper
can be understood to be to analyze and examine the impact of the Brexit on the Union and hence,
the Review of Literature considerable focused on the overall concept of the Union and the reason
why the Brexit took place. This was followed by the third chapter of the study which focused on
the different research techniques which were adopted for the purpose of the study.
The fourth chapter can be understood to be the most comprehensive chapter with respect
to which, the thematic analysis method was adopted in order to gain an understanding of whether
the Brexit has an impact on the operations of the Union. The dependent variable was taken to be
the various operations of the European Union which can be taken to be the institutional,
economical and the financial operations. On the other hand, the independent variable was to be
the Brexit itself. After the thematic analysis, the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternate
hypothesis was accepted which proved that the Brexit had a considerable impact on the European
Union and its member state operations.

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References
Begg, Iain, and Fabian Mushövel. "The economic impact of Brexit: jobs, growth and the public
finances." (2016).
Belke, Ansgar, and Daniel Gros. "The economic impact of Brexit: Evidence from modelling free
trade agreements." Atlantic Economic Journal 45, no. 3 (2017): 317-331.
Bergin, Adele, Abian Garcia-Rodriguez, Edgar LW Morgenroth, and Donal Smith. "Modelling
the medium-to long-term potential macroeconomic impact of Brexit on Ireland." The Economic
and Social Review 48, no. 3, Autumn (2017): 305-316.
Busch, Berthold, and Jürgen Matthes. Brexit-the economic impact: A meta-analysis. No.
10/2016. IW-Report, 2016.
Dhingra, Swati, Gianmarco IP Ottaviano, Thomas Sampson, and John Van Reenen. "The
consequences of Brexit for UK trade and living standards." (2016).
Dhingra, Swati, Gianmarco Ottaviano, Thomas Sampson, and John Van Reenen. "The impact of
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Kothari, Chakravanti Rajagopalachari. Research methodology: Methods and techniques. New
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Kumar, Ranjit. Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. Sage Publications
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Lawless, Martina, and Edgar LW Morgenroth. "The product and sector level impact of a hard
Brexit across the EU." Contemporary Social Science (2019): 1-19.
Marczyk, Geoffrey, David DeMatteo, and David Festinger. Essentials of research design and
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