Research Project: Carer Issues, Family Dynamics, and Support Systems

This research project delves into the multifaceted issues faced by family carers, exploring their roles, challenges, and potential solutions. The project begins with an introduction to the topic, highlighting the significance of carers in families and the difficulties they encounter, such as balancing work and personal life, caring for children and aging parents, and communication barriers. The research questions focus on the roles of carers, major issues faced, and strategies to minimize difficulties. The study emphasizes the significance of the topic for carers, healthcare departments, and the government, highlighting how the research can inform programs, legislation, and support systems. A literature review synthesizes key findings from relevant articles, examining caregiver stress, autism spectrum disorder impacts, and the effects of nonstandard work schedules on child well-being. The research outlines the methods used to conduct the study and the ethical considerations, including the limitations of the research. Overall, the project aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by family carers and to offer insights into how these challenges can be addressed.

RESEARCH PROJECT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
RESEARCH PROPOSAL...............................................................................................................1
Background of study...............................................................................................................1
Research questions.................................................................................................................2
Significance and rationale of study........................................................................................2
Literature review....................................................................................................................4
Research strategy and design................................................................................................10
Data Collection methods......................................................................................................11
Technique to analysis data....................................................................................................13
Operational plan and resource requirement for research .....................................................14
Ethical principles of research...............................................................................................16
Limitation of study...............................................................................................................17
Main section of research report............................................................................................18
Background of study.............................................................................................................19
Research questions...............................................................................................................20
Significance and rationale of study......................................................................................20
Literature review..................................................................................................................22
Research strategy and design................................................................................................28
Data Collection methods......................................................................................................29
Technique to analysis data....................................................................................................31
Operational plan and resource requirement for research .....................................................32
Ethical principles of research...............................................................................................34
Limitation of study...............................................................................................................35
Main section of research report............................................................................................36
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................38

RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Background of study
Caring to family is one of the most amazing feelings. Carers are essential part of
household; they always pay attention to their relatives and protect them from external factors.
Parents take care of their kids and provide support to their ageing family members. There are
many issues faced by the carers who care for their relatives. Working couple has to look upon
their professional and personal life both. In the recent era, people have to spend lengthy hours in
organizations due to which they get failed to give sufficient time to their kids (Blair and Raver,
2016). It becomes difficult for the working people to make balance between personalized and
official life. Statistical records show that there are approx. 75000 people in the UK who are
suffering from dementia. These people are being cared by family members at initial phase.
Careers save approx. 6 billion amount every year by giving care to their family members. In
order to fulfil needs of their family members, they have to work for lengthy hours at workplace
so that they can get monetary benefits and provide good treatment to their relatives who are
suffering from any illness (Bogenschneider, 2014).
Carers play a significant role in extremely stressful situations. They provide emotional
and mental support to their near ones so that they will feel happy and live their life easily. Elder
people resist taking treatment. It is an issue for the carers because they have to make them
understand with importance of this process and the way this treatment can improve their health
condition. Handling kids and ageing parents is a crucial task. Ageing prefer to live at home rather
than hospitals. They have fear of losing independence due to which they resist from taking care.
In such condition, carers of family have to show their concern to them so that they will take
proper treatment for their illness. Another major issue faced by working parents is imbalance
between personal and professional life (DePape and Lindsay, 2015). Kids always expect that
their family members will spend time and play with them. But due to hectic schedule, working
couples get failed to give quality time to their children. It creates negativity in the minds of kids.
This is a problematic situation because it enhances their stress level and make them feel
dishearten. Communication is considered as the main problem that is faced by carers who care
for relative one. It is difficult for young people to make effective coordination with their ageing
parents and kids. Children do not discuss about their social life with their parents and this
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communication gap put a direct impact on cognitive and social skills of individuals (Blair and
Raver, 2016).
Present study will give description about the issues faced by carers who care for their
relatives. It will explain the significance of study and rationale of conducting this research.
Furthermore, it will review literatures of other authors on same topic in order to develop
understanding about the subject matter. Study will discuss research methods that can be used for
completing this research.
Research questions
In order to complete this research in an effective manner, researcher has first identified
topic and developed brief understanding about subject. Individual has framed aim and objectives
so that further activities can be planned accordingly (Ho, 2014). Research methods have been
selected that can support in conducting this study in an effective manner. Scholar has gathered
data from primary and secondary sources. These details have supported in developing in-depth
understanding about the subject matter. Once data has been gathered then individual has
analysed these details in order to find out accurate results. This process has been followed by
researcher in order to accomplish the goal of research project and find out issues faced by carers
who care for their relatives.
The main purpose of this research is to identify issues faced by carers who care for their
relatives. Research questions for this study are described as below:
 What roles are played by carers in families?
 What are the major issues faced by carers in their caring role?
 How difficulties of carers can be minimized?
Significance and rationale of study
Significance of study
Issues faced by carers who care for relatives is a vast topic. There are many ageing
people who are suffering from many diseases. Family members take care of these ageing people
and provide them love and support. This supports in improving their well-being and making
them feel happy. This study will be beneficial in providing snapshot of carers and the way their
care help in improving life of aged people (Janghorban, Roudsari and Taghipour, 2014).
Furthermore, it will be beneficial in explaining the role of carers in families and issues that are
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faced by them. It will be beneficial for young people who are taking care of their parents and
kids. This will help them in identifying issues that are faced by them and the way they can
resolve these challenges by implementing effective strategies. There are many people who want
to provide care to their children but due to their professional life, they fail to give proper
attention on their kids. In such condition, these people feel dishearten. This study will be
important for these persons and will help them in making balance in between personal and
official life. This research will provide details through which carers will be able to give personal
care to their family members within and outside environment (Bevan, 2014). Thus, carers are the
first stakeholders of this research and they will be benefited with this investigation.
Another stakeholder of this research is health and social care department. This study will
be beneficial for them in planning for organizing programs through which they can guide carers
aware with the best process of providing care to their kids and family members (Our Forgotten
Families: Issues and challenges faced by parents with a disability in Victoria, 2010). Health and
social care department will be able to take initiatives for improving life of these people so that
carer’s issues can be resolved. It will help them in making effective legislation through which
their issues can be minimized and family members can take care of each other without any
problem. Furthermore, people who needed care from carers are another stakeholder (Bjorner and
et.al, 2014). This investigation will be beneficial for them because by this way, they will be able
to know about issues faced by their care givers and things they need to consider for minimizing
problems of their carers. This will support health and social care department in implementing
basic principles so that individuals can take care of their relatives appropriately. This study will
be helpful for government of the nation. This will support in taking initiatives to reduce the
burden of family carers and minimising economic cost so that these people can perform their
responsibilities in an effective manner. This would be easy for the carers to fulfil the needs of
their relatives and they will be able to give more time to their families (Sahu, 2013).
Rationale of research
The main reason of conducting this research is that hectic official schedule carers are
unable to provide quality care to their family members. In such condition, if these people suffer
from any illness then they will get admitted in the hospitals. Lengthy working hours create
difficulty for working couples to manage their personal and professional life properly (Obstacles
and Opportunities: Today’s children, Tomorrow’s family, 2017). The main reason of conducting
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this study is to understand various issues faced by carers and finding out solution for these
problems so that ageing people will get proper care at home and children will become able to
spend quality time with their family members (Sessler and Imrey, 2015).
Researcher has worked in health and social care sector for longer duration as social
workers. Individual has knowledge about issues faced by family members who take care of their
relatives. Thus, researcher has selected this topic because individuals can answer these questions
appropriately. This knowledge and experience will help the scholar in understanding terms and
answering these questions properly (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013). This is a fast
subject and huge data is available on this topic. Availability of adequate data is another reason of
selecting this topic for further research. This topic has been provided by university and it is a
semi structured topic. Thus, scholar has chosen this subject for conducting the research. All these
factors have supported investigator in conducting investigation on this topic and finding accurate
answers of research questions (Bøe, Hognestad and Waniganayake, 2017).
Literature review
INTRODUCTION
The main agenda of literature review is to explore ideas that can enhance understanding
of scholar for subject matter. Researcher will not copy any material from any journals. Its focus
will be on issues faced by carers who care for relatives. Investigator will take support of 12
articles and will describe findings and relevancy of these journals with research topic
(Communication Issues Faced by Parents Who Have a Child Diagnosed with Cancer, 2017).
LITERATURE REVIEW
Article 1: Family Caregiving
This article has been written by Zarit, and Zarit, (2015) that describe issues faced by
working couples while caring to their kids. This article explains consequences faced by carers
such as stress due to which it becomes difficult for them to provide quality care to their kids.
Steven H. Zarit is a professor and HOD of human development and family studies at
Pennsylvania State University. Judy M. Zarit is doing practice in State college; he is specialized
in neuropsychological area. This article describes the details of health problems that are faced by
care givers in family. It has been found that these carers face stress due to which their health gets
affected (Zarit and Zarit, 2015). Supportive behavioural treatment can be better to manage these
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challenges effectively. Study has focused on the health issues that are faced by caregivers; it is
highly related to subject matter. But if researcher has included statistical calculations then it
might improve the findings. Use of descriptive methodology is limitation of this research article.
As it is completely related to topic thus, it has contributed to this study.
Article 2: Parents’ experiences of caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder
This article has been written by Anne-Marie Depape and Sally Lindsay (2014). Anne-
Marie is the field placement coordinator for brain disorder management. She has completed her
Ph.D. in development psychology. Sally Lindsay is a TV actress and writer who became popular
for Opera Coronation Street. This article describes that Autism Spectrum disorder among
children impact on family life. Parents have to face issues in dealing with their kids. The article
has found development of programs for families in which doctors give information to parents
(DePape and Lindsay, 2015). The study has included 31 articles related to topic that is strong
point because all these researches have supported in finding real problems in dealing with such
kids. Sample size in this article was too large that is the limitation of this study. It is qualitative
in nature, use of quantitative methods can help in identifying the accuracy of data.
Article 3: Parents’ nonstandard work schedules and child well-being: A critical review of
the literature
The article has been prepared by Jianghong Li, Sarah Johnson and et.al., (2013).
Jianghong Li has completed her graduation in arts and has completed Ph.D. in Sociology. Sarah
Johnson performs well in guardian healthcare network. The paper discusses about parental non-
standard working schedule that creates difficulty for them in providing care to children and
giving them proper time. Sometimes, due to nonstandard working schedule, they fail to pay
attention on cognitive development and externalizing problems of kids. Due to hectic official
timing, they fail to give proper attention on kids (Li and et.al, 2014). Less supportive
environment creates issues among kids and they become unsocial. This research reviews work of
other authors that has supported in developing understanding about the topic. This is the strength
of this article. But researcher has used articles from 1980 to 2012 which is a limitation of this
paper as these are old studies and scholar could use articles after 2014 on the topic. This research
paper has discussed the strengths and limitations of existing investigations and have given
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recommendations through which parents can take care of their kids and thus, it has contributed to
this study.
Article 4: Parents' employment and children's wellbeing
The research paper has been written by Corolyn Heinrich, (2014). He is the professor of
public affairs and director of centre for health and social policy. He has completed his Ph.D. in
relevant field. Article is about employment of parents and its impact on well-being of kids. When
parents work, then they fail to give proper time to their children. Lengthy working hours and
stress of official life create difficulty for care givers in giving proper time to their kids. If mother
father stay at home then they can look at growth of their kids and can improve their cognitive
and social skills. Job stress, inflexible hours, little autonomy, etc. In such condition, carers fail to
give sufficient time to their kids which create difficulty in living their personal life easily or
happily (Heinrich, 2014).
From research paper, it has been found that employment and inflexible hours are the
major issue for carers because they do not pay attention on their kids due to which children’s
well-being get affected badly. Parents should get mandatory leaves so that they can give
sufficient time to their kids. The article has emphasised on particular aspects and involved basic
issues that are faced by the working parents. But researcher has not explained other issues other
than employment. Research is qualitative in nature; there is no involvement of statistical
calculation.
Article 5: Communication Issues Faced by Parents Who Have a Child Diagnosed With
Cancer
The article has been written by Juanne Clarke (2017) who has completed Ph.D. in
sociology and MA in sociology from recognized University. The article describes about
communication issues faced by parents whose kids are suffering with cancer. Due to this illness,
their kids failed to discuss their feelings with parents. They have no knowledge about their kid’s
illness. Effective communication is the best way to minimize issues of carers faced by them
while providing care to family members and relatives. If parents and elder people of family make
coordination with each other then it will help in minimizing negative effects and creating
positive atmosphere for the kids (Juanne, 2017). This can develop bonding and individuals will
be able to share their feelings easily. This is the way that can aid in minimizing problems for the
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person and developing their confidence. By this way, children understand their parents and they
always support kids.
In order to complete this research scholar has used telephonic interview method but as it
is very sensitive issue, thus, parents cannot give all details on telephone. This is limitation of this
research paper that scholar needs to use face to face interview techniqueso that more information
can be gathered about topic. Furthermore, Use of snowball sampling method and correct sample
size are strengths of this research article. This has helped scholar in gathering in-depth detail
about communication issues faced by parents. In this paper, researcher has discussed about
verbal communication. In such condition, they get confused and failed to treat their kids properly
because they are unaware with medical condition of their children. This is completely related to
topic and has contributed in developing understanding about the subject matter.
Article 6: Obstacles and Opportunities: Today Children, Tomorroiw's families
This article has been written by Anne Power, Nicola Serle and Helen Willmot (2017).
Anne Power is the professor of social policy at London School of Economics. Nicola Searle is
the senior lecturer at ICCE. She is specialised in economics of intellectual properties. She has
completed her Ph.D. in Economics and MSc in International Strategy and Economics. Research
paper discusses about parents education and work issues. Research paper has found that work
experience, history of mother fathers support in identifying learning needs of kids. Community
support can help carer in dealing with kids properly. In the absence of this support, careers can
get failed to provide quality care to these kids. It has been found that parent’s education and
poverty are major causes that create difficulty for parents. The entire report is focused on many
aspects that are the strengths of this paper (Anne powern, 2017). But it gets failed to emphasise
on one specific topic which is limitation of this study.
Article 7: Our Forgotten Families: Issues and challenges faced by parents with a disability
in Victoria
This article has been written by Gwynnyth Llewellyn, (2010). She has completed her
Ph.D., Med, grad dip and recently working as dean in the faculty of health science. The report
discusses about issues faced by families to provide quality care to their kids. Financial issues are
the major problems in front of parents. Legislation and policies are barrier for parents. Their
health issues create problem for them in providing care to their kids. This research paper has
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given limited information about systematic responses to parenting with disability. . But study has
focused on rights of parents and financial issues that are unique and strong point of this article
Our Forgotten Families: Issues and challenges faced byparents with a disability in Victoria,
2010). The research has discussed that parents with disability can not treat their kids well. There
is required to conduct research in the future on the same topic. The article has given details about
necessary information by this way issues of carers can be minimized. Thus, it is highly relevant
to this topic.
Article 8: Work–family balance issues and work–leave policies
This article has been prepared by Rosalind, Georgia Karuntzos and et.al, (2012). Rosalind
B. King has completed Ph.D. and recently working as a health scientist administrator in
population Dynamics Branch. Georgia Karuntzos is a psychologist and has completed Ph.D. in
relevant field. The study has discussed about work life balance and leave policies which are
major issues due to which parents face difficulty. It is very difficult for working parents to take
care of their kids and give them sufficient time. In the big organizations, person has to work for
lengthy working hours and they do not get leaves which is the reason that it becomes difficult for
working parents to manage their work life balance (King and et.al, 2012).
In such condition, they get failed to give sufficient time to their kids which create
negative thoughts in kids. This has discussed interdisciplinary model. It has been found that work
leave regulations and flexible policies can support in improving life of employees. By this way,
they will be able to manage their life easily. The study has less focused on carers. This has
included relevant data that has helped in developing understanding about topic. Use of
appropriate articles and qualitative research strategy have helped in finding accurate results. The
article has given details about topic and has helped in developing understanding about subject.
Article 9: Fathers’ roles in the care and development of their children: the role of
paediatrician
This article has been written by Yogman and Garfield, (2016). This was useful in
developing understanding about role of father in child development. Parents are also a carer But
fathers also have to face many issues; all these things have been described in this article. Though
there are not much information but this article has helped researcher in finding roles of father as
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careers (Yogman and Garfield, 2016). This research has described about how fathers are
important for family and what efforst they make to give good life their kids.
Article 10: Poverty, stress, and brain development: New directions for prevention and
intervention
This research paper has been prepared by Blair and Raver, (2016). This has helped
researcher in identifying facts related to poverty and stress that impact on carer and create
difficulty for them to provide proper care to their kids (Blair and Raver, 2016).
Article 11: Determinants of stress in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders
This has been written by Rivard, Terroux, Parent-Boursier and Mercier, (2014). Carers
face stress in their life because they do not get sufficient time for themselves. Their entire day
gets finished in taking care of relatives. Financial and health issues increase the burden of
parents. In order to resolve these problems, carers are required to give sometime to themselves as
well. If they do proper exercise and take good diet then this may improve their health. Meditation
and proper diet can make the person refresh. By this way, they will be able to minimize their
stress level which will increase their energy. Many a times, parents get emotionally hurt, in such
condition, they have to be prepared for strong emotions. They have to be always supportive.
Showing respect towards younger can build their trust and they become positive towards their
careers (Rivard and et.al, 2014). In such condition, they discuss their problems with each other
and feel happy in family life. Researcher has used this article in order to find out how stress
creates problem for parents. If children are facing any illness, then stress level of parents gets
increased. This creates problem in managing their life well.
Article 12: Family policy matters: How policymaking affects families and what
professionals can do
This article has been written by Bogenschneider, (2014). This has been used to identify
issues related to policies and the way these regulations impact on families (Bogenschneider,
2014).
CONCLUSION
From the above literature review, it can be concluded that carers are responsible to
provide quality care to their kids.. They have to face huge issues such as financial, stress,
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emotional and physical problems. But good communication and scheduling of work can assist
careers in fulfilling their duties in an effective manner.
Research strategy and design
Research methodology plays significant role in research project, it helps scholar in
carrying out investigation in systematic manner and addressing research questions. Research
strategy is considered as planning of entire study that directs scholar and enable the person in
conducting investigation in effective manner. Strategy allows researcher in staying focused and
enhancing quality of entire study. There are two main types of strategies that are used in different
kinds of project: qualitative and quantitative (Abdulghani and et.al, 2014). In qualitative type of
method scholar involves theories and models in order to develop understanding about topic. On
other hand in quantitative type of methods individual takes support of statistical calculations so
that accurate results can be find out. In the present study on issues face by career who care for
their relatives researcher has taken support of qualitative research strategy. This is more suitable
for this topic because by involving theories and models individual will be able to gather in-depth
detail about issues of careers. It will be helpful in making it more simple and addressing research
questions. If scholar uses quantitative strategy then it may involve complicated statistical
calculation which may affect overall finding as well. It can make entire study more complicated
thus, selection of qualitative research strategy would be beneficial for present topic (Data
Collection Instruments, 2014).
Qualitative strategy is beneficial because it helps in evaluating subject material in great
detail. It helps in creating measurable outcome this provides more opportunities to researcher to
gain insight detail about subject matter. It has open ended structure that involves emotional
responses of participants. This aids in finding real facts about topic and minimizing issues related
to data collection. By involving this method individual will be able to involve real feelings,
opinion of human being. But there are some limitation of this study is that qualitative research is
subjective in nature. It is very difficult in qualitative researches that to assess data rigidity. This
type of strategy is not statistically representative (Cross-Sectional Research Method: How Does
It Work, 2018).
Research design is set procedure that is used in order to measure variables. This is outline
of entire study that helps researcher in conducting investigation in systematic manner. Cross
sectional design will be used by researcher in order to identify issues faced by careers who care
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for their relatives. Cross-sectional is type of method in which researcher analyse data. This helps
in measuring effects of one variable on other variable. In health care studies selection of cross
sectional design is considered as more effective because it involved gathering of details at
defined time (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013). It always concentrates on systematic
manner of conducting research and does not involve manipulating variables. This is inexpensive
and use different variables so that impact on one can be identified on other. But there are some
limitation of this research is that finding specific participants are very difficult.
The main reason of selecting cross sectional design is that it helps in taking snapshot of
particular group of people at specific time (Sessler and Imrey, 2015). By this way prevailing
characteristic in population can be identified in this type of method. Thus, scholar has selected
this tool for identifying issues faced by careers who care for their relatives. If researcher takes
support of descriptive research design then individual would not be able to find out accurate
problems of particular group of people. Thus, use of cross sectional design would be appropriate
for present study (Sahu, 2013).
Data Collection methods
Data Collection is method of gathering in-depth information about topic and finding
relevant sources that can assist in developing in-depth understanding about topic. This is the way
of finding relevant sources that can help in answering research problems and addressing
questions (Data Collection Instruments, 2014). There are two main methods of gathering data:
primary and secondary. Both these sources are helpful in gaining insight detail of topic and
identifying facts related to subject matter. Primary data collection sources are the methods in
which scholar gathers details by own. In this technique individual believes to find out real facts
about topic that can support in identifying real situation. This information are not being used by
any scholar earlier to this study thus, these are fresh details. On other hand secondary data
collection are another methods in which researcher emphasis on gathering already available
details. There are many books, journals, internet articles that support in developing in-depth
understanding of researcher about subject matter (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013).
In the present study on issues face by careers who care for their relatives researcher will
apply primary and secondary both data collection methods. In primary individual will use
interview technique and in secondary person will use books, journals, internet articles. Both
these techniques will support in addressing research questions and finding real facts about topic.
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Primary data are original and it gives realistic view to researcher about subject matter.
Primary information are highly reliable and support researcher in answering research questions
in effective manner. But it is time-consuming method (Janghorban, Roudsari and Taghipour,
2014). There is high chance that respondents do not give accurate answers of problems. On other
hand secondary data are easy to use and they are faster to access. It saves time of researcher and
it gives frame of mind that directs individual in conducting research in systematic manner. But
there are some limitation of secondary data collection sources that such details can raise issue of
authenticity. They are very old and might be possible fail to understand current situation.
Sampling is technique of selecting right number of people from entire population those
who can give answers of research questions (Bjorner and et.al, 2014). In order to conduct this
study in appropriate manner scholar has selected random sampling method. It is simple tool and
selects participants without any bias. Investigator can apply findings of this method to entire
population. This supports inn gaining right information from participants. In order to conduct
this research scholar will select 15 parents as sample. They are suitable persons for this research,
they face such issues and can give in-depth detail about subject matter. By involving these
respondents into study scholar can be able to identify real facts about issues face by careers who
care for their relatives (Sahu, 2013).
Investigator will involve interview questions related to role of careers in family, what
kind of difficulties face by them, how care receivers react on their efforts, how they manage their
work etc. All these details will help scholar in gathering information about research topic and
individual will be able to analysis these details in effective manner. Individual will first send
them consent form, once answerer sign this form and send back to researcher then further
process will be started (Data Collection Instruments, 2014). Individual will arrange interview
session for all respondents. Individual will organize general session in which all parents can
participate, in this researcher will select people on random bases and will ask questions with
them.
Researcher has option to select observation method of data collection. Scholar can
observe real life of careers and can identify issues face by them. But in observation there is high
chances of missing some important facts, that can not happen in interview method because all
respondents share their feeling with investigator and individual analysis these facts in order to
address research questions (Sessler and Imrey, 2015). Accurate ad systematic gathering of details
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are very essential in scientific researches. Questionnaires is one of the tool of data collection, it
consists of various questions. All respondents have to answer these questions so that researcher
can identify facts related to subject matter. Questionnaires needs to be prepared on the bases of
objective and it is essential to do pilot testing in this method. Interview is another kind of method
in which scholar conducts interview with respondents. Interview method supports in collecting
complete detail about subject. It helps in making effective control over order ad flow of
questions. Scholar has option to makes changes in interview schedule on the bases of initial
results. These are advantages of interview method (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013).
Bot it is time consuming process and there is chance of biased answers. But for the present study
selection of interview method is appropriate because by this way individual will be able to
identify issues face by careers and reasons of occurring these difficulties.
Technique to analysis data
Data analysis is most important part of research project, it helps in evaluating data and
finding accurate answers of research questions. There are various techniques to analysis
information but on the bases of nature of research scholar has to select appropriate method. In
quantitative type of studies individual take support of statistical analysis tool. SPSS is considered
as most effective techniques that helps in calculating statistical data in order to find out answers.
On other hand in qualitative type of projects researcher uses thematic or secondary analysis
tools. In thematic analysis individual has to prepare themes and have to present details by
making graphs and charts (Sahu, 2013). This enhances better understanding and represent data in
effective manner. Both these tools have their own significance. It is essential to select
appropriate tool so that overall study can give accurate answers.
In order to carry out research on issues faced by careers who care for their relatives face
scholar will take support of thematic analysis method. Individual will prepare themes on the
bases of research questions and objectives (Sessler and Imrey, 2015). Answers of participants
will be reflected through graphs and charts. This will help in showing clear results and
representing information in accurate manner. Ass present study is based on issues faced by
careers who care for their relatives, if individual takes support of SPSS then it might increase
complexity of topic thus, use of thematic analysis tool is suitable. By this way scholar will be
able to find out answers of research questions.
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For analysing data scholar will adopt systematic process. Individual will first gather all
details related to issues of career through primary sources, once data has been gathered then
individual will process data in concise manner (Cross-Sectional Research Method: How Does It
Work, 2018).
Editing: This will be first phase in which researcher will edit all information and will check raw
data and its errors.
Coding: This would be next phase in which individual will give codes to each question and its
options. This will help respondents in answering questions (Bevan, 2014).
Classification: Once coding has been done then individual will classify details and will divide it
into homogeneous groups for analysis these details.
Tabulation: This would be next step in which researcher will prepare tables and will put data
into these tables. This will help in orderly arrange all information (Billingham, Whitehead and
Julious, 2013).
Data interpretation: When all data will be arrange in systematic manner then individual will
interpret this information and will try to find out meaningful answers of research questions.
Interpretation will help in understanding findings and drawing accurate conclusion.
Operational plan and resource requirement for research
Operational plan
Activities 1th
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Selection of
topic, framing
aim and
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Reading
literature of
other authors
on same topic
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Selection of
appropriate
research
methods
Completion of
research
proposal
Data
collection by
using
appropriate
method
Recording of
data
Data analysis
Discussion on
topic and
drawing
conclusion
Edition and
final
submission
Resource requirements
Resources plays significant role in research project, in the absence of adequate resources
individual will get failed to complete investigation within specified period of time. For the
present study on issues faced by careers' researcher will require several resources:
15

 Financial resources: Scholar will need funds so that activities can be performed
effectively. In the absence of adequate monitory resources this study would not be
completed easily (Sahu, 2013).
 Time resource: Individual will need sufficient time to finish this research because it is the
vast topic and individual will require time in gathering primary information and analysing
these details.
 Physical resources: Researcher will also require books, journals, internet, computer so
that investigator will gather in-depth details about topic. This will support in minimizing
complexity and developing understanding of scholar (Sessler and Imrey, 2015).
 Technical resources: Individual will need software, Excel so that recording and analysis
of data can be done properly.
Ethical principles of research
Ethics play significant role in research project, it helps scholar in conducting research in
systematic manner. It is considered as one of the essential aspect failure of implementing ethical
principles can impact on overall success of research project. It is responsibility of scholar that to
follow each ethical aspect carefully so that consequence can be minimized. Confidentiality is one
of the most important ethical principle (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013). It explains
that researcher is required to keep all details confidential. Individual has to protect details related
to subject matter. It concentrates on do good and do not harm to human being those who are
participating in this study. It is responsibility of investigator that to protect rights of respondents
and take care of their safety. Obtaining informed consent form is another most essential ethical
principle of research projects. Before conducting research scholar is required to inform
participants and have to take their permission (Cross-Sectional Research Method: How Does It
Work, 2018). Honesty plays significant role in researches. Scholar has to maintain honesty and
have to communicate information to all relevant person honestly without hiding anything. This
can help stakeholders in making their decision. Integrity, objectivity and carefulness are essential
ethical practices that need to be followed by researcher.
In order to carry out research in effective manner, researcher has taken care of every
ethical aspect. Individual will follow these principles in effective manner so that further
complexity can be minimized to great extent. In present study investigator will not copy any
material from any unauthorized site (Sessler and Imrey, 2015). Individual will only access such
16

links that have permission to access. Furthermore, individual will not copy any material from any
site. All the details will help in developing understanding of researcher about issues faced by
careers who care for their relatives face. Individual will translate these details in own words.
Thus, there would not be any issue of plagiarism. Furthermore, scholar will take prior permission
from respondents because they are the person those who will help in finding accurate answers
about issues of carers (Sahu, 2013). Thus, individual will send them consent form. When all
respondents have signed this form and have given their consent then individual will start asking
questions with them. They will not be forced to give answers of any question, if they are not
comfortable with any question then they will have right to skip particular questions.
Investigator will take action of sending consent form to all participants in order to
mitigate negative effects of research. Furthermore, individual will also take action to protect
data. Person will not share data of this project with any third person. Researcher will set
password of compute in which all details will be kept (Sessler and Imrey, 2015). This password
will not be shared with anyone. This will support in eliminating chances of leaking of data.
Furthermore, individual will not manipulate data, all details will be presented in accurate
manner.
Limitation of study
This is such as vast topic because huge data are available on issues faced by careers. One
of the main limitation of this research would be time. Individual is given limited time and in such
short duration it is very difficult to gather details and align these data properly so that accurate
answers can come out. Researcher will require more time so that scholar can concentrate on
more reliable information and can enhance accuracy of study. But this limitation is
uncontrollable because scholar will have to complete this investigation within specified period of
time (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013). Formulation of research aim and objective was
another limitation of this study. If scholar frame broad aims and objective then it might impact
on overall analysis of investigation. It is essential to emphasis on formulation of narrow and
specific objectives so that data can be gathered properly. Implementation of data collection
method would be another limitation. There are many sources through which scholar can gather
details. But selection of appropriate method is time taking task and if wrong method has been
used then it might impact on overall results. Data collection method can impact on reliability and
17

validity of research project. Thus, this is another limitation of the project and individual will
have to pay extra attention on these aspects (Bevan, 2014).
Sample size needs to be selected in proper manner so that research problem can be
addressed effectively. If correct sample size is not being selected then it might create
complication because by this way individual will not be able to answer research questions
properly. Inappropriate sampling method can impact on reliability of research project because by
this way individual may get failed to gather valid information (Sessler and Imrey, 2015).
Main section of research report
Research structure is process of describing various sections that will be covered under
this investigation. Structure of present study will be as discussed below:
 Introduction: This would be first part of research project. In this section individual will
give brief overview of topic that is issues faced by careers who care for their relatives.
Researcher will include background of study, rationale, significance of research in this
chapter (Sahu, 2013).
 Literature Review: This would be next section, in this part scholar will involve literatures
of other authors and will review their literatures. This will develop understanding of
scholar about topic and individual will be able to carry out investigation in effective
manner (Sessler and Imrey, 2015).
 Research methodology: This is next section in which researcher will select appropriate
methods that can help in conducting research in effective manner. Furthermore,
individual will give justification of selected method and will implement these tool in such
manner so that overall results can be find out. There will be discussion of philosophies,
designs, approaches, data collection, data analysis, sampling, sale size, ethical
consideration. Scholar will give detail about various methods and will finally justify
choice (Bevan, 2014).
 Data Analysis: Once data will be gathered then investigator will analysis these details by
taking support of appropriate method. Individual will prepare themes on the bases of
objectives and will analysis these themes by taking sup[port of thematic analysis method.
Individual will prepare graphs and charts. These graphs will be beneficial in presenting
18

data in effective manner. Furthermore, individual will interpret information in order to
find out accurate answers of research questions. In this section scholar will prepare
questionnaire and will collect responses of participants. On the bases of their answers
details will be evaluated (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013).
 Conclusion and recommendation: : This would be last section in which researcher will
conclude entire study. There will be answers of research questions with proper
justification. Furthermore, this section will include recommendation through which issues
of careers can be minimized and careers can provide quality care to their relatives.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Background of study
Caring to family is one of the most amazing feeling. Carers are essential part of
household, they always pay attention to their relatives and protect them from external factors.
Parents take care of their kids and provide care to their ageing family members. There are many
issues that face by careers who care for their relative faces. Working couple have to look upon
their professional and personal life both. In the recent time person have to spend lengthy hours in
organizations due to which they get failed to give sufficient time to their kids (Blair and Raver,
2016). It becomes difficult for working people to make balance between personalized and
official life. Statistical records show that there are approx 75000 people in UK those who are
suffering from dementia. These people are being cared by family members at initial phase.
Family carers saves approx 6 billion amount every year by giving care to their family members.
In order to fulfil needs of their family members they have to work for lengthy hours in workplace
so that they can get monitory benefits and can provide good treatment to their relatives those
who are suffering from any illness (Bogenschneider, 2014).
Careers play significant role in extremely stressful situations. They provide emotional
and mental support to their near ones so that they feel happy and live their life easily. Elder
people resist taking treatment. It is issue for the careers because they have to make them
understand with importance of this process and how this treatment can improve their health
condition. Handling kids and ageing parents is very crucial task. Ageing prefer to live at home
rather than hospitals. They have fear of losing independence due to which they resist from taking
care. In such condition career of family have to show their concern to them so that they take
19

proper treatment for their illness. Another major issue that faced by working parents is imbalance
between personal and professional life (DePape and Lindsay, 2015). Kids always expect that
their family members will spend time and will play with them. But due to hectic schedule
working couples get failed to give quality time to their children. That create negativity in the
mind of kids. This is problematic situation because it enhances their stress level and make them
feel dishearten. Communication is considered as main problem that faced by careers those who
care for relative one. It is difficult for young people to make effective coordination with their
ageing parents and kids. Children do not discuss about their social life with their parents and this
communication gap impact on cognitive and social skills of individual (Blair and Raver, 2016).
Present study will give description about issues face by careers who care for their
relatives. It will explain significance of this study and rationale of conducting this research.
Furthermore, it will review literatures of other authors on the same topic in order to develop
understanding about subject matter. Study will discuss research methods that can be used for
completing this research.
Research questions
In order to complete this research in effective manner researcher has first identified topic
and have developed brief understanding about topic. Individual has framed aim and objectives so
that further activities can be plan accordingly (Ho, 2014). Research methods have been selected
that can support in conducting this study in effective manner. Scholar has gather data from
primary and secondary sources. These details have supported in developing in-depth
understanding about subject matter. Once data has been gathered then individual has analysed
these detail in order to find out accurate results. This process has been followed by researcher in
order to accomplish goal of research project and find out issues faced by careers who care for
their relatives.
The main purpose of this research is to identify issues faced by careers who care for their
relatives. Research questions for this study are described as below:
 What role plays by careers in families?
 What are the major issues that faced by careers in their caring role?
 How difficulties of careers can be minimized?
Significance and rationale of study
Significance of study
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Issues face by careers who care for relatives is vast topic. There are many ageing people
those who are suffering from many diseases. Family members take care of these ageing people
and provide them love and support. This supports in improving their well-being and making
them feel happy. This study will be beneficial in proving snapshot of careers and how their care
help in improving life of aged people (Janghorban, Roudsari and Taghipour, 2014). Furthermore,
it will be beneficial in explaining role of careers in families and issues that face by them. This
will be beneficial for young people those who are taking care of their parents and kids. This will
help them in identifying issues that face by them and how they can resolve these challenges by
implementing effective strategies. There are many people those who want to provide care to their
children but due to their professional life they fail to give proper attention on their kids in such
condition these people feel dishearten. This study will be important for these persons and will
help them in making balance between personal and official life. This research will provide detail
through which careers will be able to provide personal care to their family members within and
outside of family environment (Bevan, 2014). Thus, careers are first stakeholder of this research
and they will be benefited with this investigation.
Another stakeholder of this research are health and social care department. This study
will be beneficial for them in planning for organizing programs through which they can guide
careers aware with the best process of providing care to their kids and family members (Our
Forgotten Families: Issues and challenges faced byparents with a disability in Victoria, 2010).
Health and social care department will be able to take initiatives for improving life of these
people so that careers issues can be resolved. It will help them in making effective legislation
through which their issues can be minimized and family members can take care of each other
without any problem. Furthermore, people those who needed care from careers are another
stakeholder (Bjorner and et.al, 2014). This investigation will be beneficial for them because by
this way they will be able to know about issues faced by their care givers and what things they
need to consider for minimizing problems of their careers. This will support health and social
care department in implementing basic principles so that individual can take care of their
relatives appropriately. This study will be helpful for government of the nation. This will support
in taking initiatives to reduce burden of family careers and minimising economic cost so that
these people can perform their responsibilities in effective manner. This would be easy for the
21

careers to fulfil needs of their relatives and they will be able to give more time to their families
(Sahu, 2013).
Rationale of research
The main reason of conducting this research is that hectic official schedule careers are
unable to provide quality care to their family members. In such condition if these people suffer
from any illness then they got admitted in hospitals. Lengthy working hours create difficulty for
working couples to manage their personal and professional life properly (Obstacles and
OppOrtunities: Today’s children, Tomorrow’s familie, 2017). The main reason of conducting
this study is to understand various issues that faced by careers and find out solution for these
problems so that ageing people get proper care at home and children becomes able to spend
quality time with their family members (Sessler and Imrey, 2015).
Researcher has worked in health and social care sector for longer duration as social
worker. Individual has huge knowledge about issues faced by family members those who take
care of their relatives. Thus, researcher has selected this topic because individual can answer
these question appropriately. This knowledge and experience will help scholar in understanding
terms and answering these questions properly (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013). This is
fast topic and huge data are available on this topic. Availability of adequate data is another
reason of selecting this topic for further research. This topic has been provided by University and
it is semi structured topic thus, scholar has chosen this subject for conducting research. All these
factors have supported investigator in caring out investigation on this topic and finding accurate
answerers of research questions (Bøe, Hognestad and Waniganayake, 2017).
Literature review
INTRODUCTION
The main agenda of literature review is to explore ideas that can enhance understanding
of scholar for subject matter. Researcher will not copy any material from any journals. Its focus
will on issues faced by careers who cares for relative faces. Investigator will take support of 12
articles and will describe findings and relevancy of these journals with research topic
(Communication Issues Faced by Parents Who Have a Child Diagnosed With Cancer, 2017).
LITERATURE REVIEW
Article 1: Family Caregiving
22

This article has been written by Zarit, S.H. and Zarit, J.M., (2015) that describe issues
faced by working couples while caring to their kids. This article explain consequences face by
careers such as stress due to which it becomes difficult for them to provide quality care to their
kids. Steven H. Zarit is professor and HOD of Human development and family studies at
Pennsylvania state University. Judy M. Zarit is doing practice in State college, he is specialized
in neuropsychological area. This article describes detail of health problems that face by care
givers in family. It is found that these careers face stress and due to which their health get
affected (Zarit and Zarit, 2015). Supportive behavioural treatment can be better to manage these
challenges effectively. The study has focused on health issues that faced by caregivers, it is
highly related to subject matter. But if researcher had included statistical calculations then it
might improve findings. Use of descriptive methodology is limitation of this research article. As
it is completely related to topic thus, it has contributed to this study.
Article 2: Parents’ experiences of caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder
This article has been written by Anne-Marie Depape, Sally Lindsay (2014). Anne-Marie
is field placement coordinator for brain disorder management. She has completed her PhD in
development psychology. Sally Lindsay is TV actress and writer who became popular for opera
coronation street. This article describes that Autism Spectrum disorder among children impact on
family life. Parents have to face huge issues in dealing with their kids. The article has found that
development of programs for families in which doctors give information to parents can help in
dealing with these kids properly (DePape and Lindsay, 2015). The study has included 31 articles
related to topic that is strength because all these articles have supported in finding real problems
in dealing with such kids. Sample size in this article was too large that is limitation of this study.
It is qualitative in nature, use of quantitative methods can help in identifying accuracy of data.
The article has given detail related to necessary information that can help parents in proving
quality care to their kids. This, it is highly relevant to this topic.
Article 3: Parents’ nonstandard work schedules and child well-being: A critical review of
the literature
The article has been prepared by Jianghong Li, Sarah Johnson and et.al., (2013).
Jianghong Li has completed her graduation in Arts and has completed PhD in Sociology. Sarah
Johnson perform well in guardian healthcare network. The paper discusses about parental non
standard working schedule create difficulty for them in providing care to children and giving
23

them proper time. Some times due to nonstandard working schedule they fail to pay attention on
cognitive development and externalizing problems of kids. Due to hectic official timing they fail
to give proper attention on kids (Li and et.al, 2014). Less supportive environment create issues
among kids and they become unsocial. This research review work of other authors that has
supported in developing understanding about topic, this is strength of this article. But researcher
has used articles from 1980 to 2012 this is limitation of this paper because these are older studies
and scholar could use articles after 2014 on the topic. This research paper has discussed strength,
limitation of existing investigations and have give recommendation through which parents can
take care of their kids, thus, it has contributed to this study.
Article 4: Parents' employment and children's wellbeing
The research paper has been written by Corolyn J. Heinrich, (2014). He is professor of
public affairs and director of centre for health and social policy. He has completed his PhD in
relevant field. Article is about employment of parents and its impact on well-being of kids. When
parents work then they fail to give proper time to their children. Lengthy working hours, stress of
official life create difficulty for care givers in giving proper time to their kids. If mother father
stay at home then they can look at growth of their kids and can improve their cognitive and
social skills. Stress in job, low quality jobs, inflexible hours, little autonomy etc. In such
condition careers fail to give sufficient time to their kids which create difficulty in living their
personal life easily or happily (Heinrich, 2014). From the research paper it is found that
employment, inflexible hours is major issue for careers because they do not pay attention on their
kids due to which children well-being get affected badly. Parents should get mandatory leaves so
that they can give sufficient time to their kids . The article has concentrated on particular aspect
and involved basic issues that faced by working parents. But researcher has not explained other
issues other than employment. Research is qualitative in nature there is no involvement of
statistical calculation. The article has given detail related to necessary information that can help
parents in proving quality care to their kids. This, it is highly relevant to this topic.
Article 5: Communication Issues Faced by Parents Who Have a Child Diagnosed With
Cancer
The article has been written by Juanne N. Clarke (2017), has completed PhD in sociology
and MA in sociology from York University. The article describes about communication issues
faced by parents whose kids are suffering with cancer. Due to this illness their kids fail to discuss
24

their feeling with parents. They have no knowledge about their kids illness and have no power to
deal with health care system. effective communication is the best way to minimize issues of
careers that face by them while providing care to family members and relatives. If parents and
elder person of family make coordination with each other then it will help in minimizing
negative environment and creating positive atmosphere for the kids. There is essential to have
good interaction between parents and kids (Juanne, 2017). This can develop bonding and
individual will be able to share their feelings easily. This is the way that can aid in minimizing
problems for the person and developing their confidence. By this way children understand their
parents and they always support their parents. In order to complete this research scholar has used
telephonic interview method but as it is very sensitive issue thus, parents can not give all detail
on telephone. This is limitation of this research paper scholar need to use face to face interview
technique in order to gather more information about topic. Furthermore, Use of snowball
sampling method and correct sample size are strength of this research article. This has helped
scholar in gathering in-depth detail about communication issues that face by parents. In this
paper researcher has discussed about verbal communication that face by parents when they have
to coordinate with their kids and other care providers such as medical professional etc. In such
condition they feel confuse and fail to treat their kids properly because they are unaware with
medical condition of their children. This is completely related to topic and has contributed in
developing understanding about subject matter.
Article 6: Obstacles and Opportunities: Today Children, Tomorroiw's families
This article has been written by Anne Power, Nicola Serle and Helen Willmot (2017).
Anne Power is professor of social policy at London School of Economics. Nicola Searle is senior
lecturer at ICCE. She is specialised in economics of intellectual properties. She has completed
her PhD in Economics and Msc in International strategy and Economics. Research paper
discusses about parents education and work issues. Social issues that faced by parents. Research
paper has found that work experience, history of mother fathers can help in identifying learning
needs of kids. Community support can help career in dealing with kids properly. In the absence
of this support careers can get failed to provide quality care to these kids. It is found that parents
education and work poverty are major causes that create difficulty for parents. The entire report
has focused on many aspects that is strength of this paper (Anne powern, 2017). But it gets failed
to emphasis on one specific topic which is limitation of this study. The article has given detail
25

related to necessary information that can help parents in proving quality care to their kids. This,
it is highly relevant to this topic.
Article 7: Our Forgotten Families: Issues and challenges faced by parents with a disability
in Victoria
This article has been written by Gwynnyth Llewellyn, (2010). She has completed her
PhD, Med, grad dip and recently working as dean in faculty of health science. The report discuss
about issues faced by families to provide quality care to their kids. Financial issues are major
problem in front of parents. Legislation and policies are barrier for parents. Their health issues
create problem for them in caring to their kids. This research paper has given limited information
about current systemic responses to parenting with disability. This is poor thing in this study. But
study has focused on rights of parents and financial issues that are unique and strong point of this
article (Gwynnyth Llewellyn , 2010). The research has discussed that parents with disability ans
not treat their kids well there is required to conduct research in the future on the same topic. The
article has given detail related to necessary information that can help parents in proving quality
care to their kids. This, it is highly relevant to this topic.
Article 8: Work–family balance issues and work–leave policies.
This article has been prepared by Rosalind B. King, Georgia Karuntzos and et.al., (2012).
Rosalind B. King has completed PhD and recently working as health scientist administrator in
population Dynamics Branch. Georgia Karuntzos is psychologist and has completed PhD in
relevant field. The study has discussed about work life balance and work leave policies are major
issues due to which parents face difficulty. It is very difficult for working parents to take care of
their kids and give them sufficient time. In the big organizations' person has to work for lengthy
working hours and they do not get adequate leaves that is why it becomes difficult for working
parents to manage their work life balance (King and et.al, 2012). In such condition they fail to
give sufficient time their kids which create negative thoughts in kids. This has discussed
interdisciplinary model. It is found that work leave polices and flexible polices can support in
improving life of employees by this way they will be able to manage their life easily. The study
has less focused on careers and have paid more attention on organizational perspective. This has
included all relevant data that has helped in developing understanding about topic. Use of
appropriate articles and qualitative research strategy have helped \in finding accurate results. The
26

article has given detail related to necessary information that can help in identifying issues of
careers. This, it is highly relevant to this topic.
Article 9: Fathers’ roles in the care and development of their children: the role of
pediatrician
This article has been written by Yogman and Garfield, (2016). This was useful in
developing understanding about role of father in child development. Father is also a career and
how father can contribution in growth of their kids. But fathers also have to face may issues all
these things have been described in this article. Though there are not much information but this
article has helped researcher in finding role of father as careers (Yogman and Garfield, 2016).
Article 10: Poverty, stress, and brain development: New directions for prevention and
intervention
This research paper has been prepared by Blair, C. and Raver, C.C., (2016). This has
helped researcher in identifying facts related to poverty and stress that impact on career and
create difficulty for them to provide proper care to their kids (Blair and Raver, 2016).
Article 11: Determinants of stress in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders
This has been written by Rivard, M., Terroux, A., Parent-Boursier, C. and Mercier, C.,
(2014). careers face stress in their life because they do not get sufficient time for themselves.
Their entire day gets finished in taking care of relatives. Financial and health issues increase the
burden of parents. In order to resolve these problems, careers are required to give some time to
themselves as well. If they do proper exercise and take good diet then this may improve their
health. Meditation and proper diet can make the person refresh. By this way, they will be able to
minimize their stress level which will increase their energy. Many times, parents get emotionally
hurt, in such condition, they have to be prepared for strong emotions. They have to be always
supportive. Showing respect towards younger can build their trust and they become positive
towards their careers (Rivard and et.al, 2014). In such condition, they discuss their problems with
each other and feel happy in family life. Researcher has used this article in order to find out how
stress create problem for parents. If children are facing any illness then stress level of parents get
increased. This create problem in managing their life well.
Article 12: Family policy matters: How policymaking affects families and what
professionals can do
27

This article has been written by Bogenschneider, K., (2014). This has been used to
identify issues related to policies and how these polices impact on families (Bogenschneider,
2014).
CONCLUSION
From the above literature review, it can be concluded that careers are responsible to
provide quality care to their kids and relative faces. They have to face huge issues such as
financial, stress, emotional and physical problems. But good communication and scheduling of
work can assist careers in fulfilling their duties in an effective manner.
Research strategy and design
Research methodology plays significant role in research project, it helps scholar in
carrying out investigation in systematic manner and addressing research questions. Research
strategy is considered as planning of entire study that directs scholar and enable the person in
conducting investigation in effective manner. Strategy allows researcher in staying focused and
enhancing quality of entire study. There are two main types of strategies that are used in different
kinds of project: qualitative and quantitative (Abdulghani and et.al, 2014). In qualitative type of
method scholar involves theories and models in order to develop understanding about topic. On
other hand in quantitative type of methods individual takes support of statistical calculations so
that accurate results can be find out. In the present study on issues face by career who care for
their relatives researcher has taken support of qualitative research strategy. This is more suitable
for this topic because by involving theories and models individual will be able to gather in-depth
detail about issues of careers. It will be helpful in making it more simple and addressing research
questions. If scholar uses quantitative strategy then it may involve complicated statistical
calculation which may affect overall finding as well. It can make entire study more complicated
thus, selection of qualitative research strategy would be beneficial for present topic (Data
Collection Instruments, 2014).
Qualitative strategy is beneficial because it helps in evaluating subject material in great
detail. It helps in creating measurable outcome this provides more opportunities to researcher to
gain insight detail about subject matter. It has open ended structure that involves emotional
responses of participants. This aids in finding real facts about topic and minimizing issues related
to data collection. By involving this method individual will be able to involve real feelings,
opinion of human being. But there are some limitation of this study is that qualitative research is
28

subjective in nature. It is very difficult in qualitative researches that to assess data rigidity. This
type of strategy is not statistically representative (Cross-Sectional Research Method: How Does
It Work, 2018).
Research design is set procedure that is used in order to measure variables. This is outline
of entire study that helps researcher in conducting investigation in systematic manner. Cross
sectional design will be used by researcher in order to identify issues faced by careers who care
for their relatives. Cross-sectional is type of method in which researcher analyse data. This helps
in measuring effects of one variable on other variable. In health care studies selection of cross
sectional design is considered as more effective because it involved gathering of details at
defined time (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013). It always concentrates on systematic
manner of conducting research and does not involve manipulating variables. This is inexpensive
and use different variables so that impact on one can be identified on other. But there are some
limitation of this research is that finding specific participants are very difficult.
The main reason of selecting cross sectional design is that it helps in taking snapshot of
particular group of people at specific time (Sessler and Imrey, 2015). By this way prevailing
characteristic in population can be identified in this type of method. Thus, scholar has selected
this tool for identifying issues faced by careers who care for their relatives. If researcher takes
support of descriptive research design then individual would not be able to find out accurate
problems of particular group of people. Thus, use of cross sectional design would be appropriate
for present study (Sahu, 2013).
Data Collection methods
Data Collection is method of gathering in-depth information about topic and finding
relevant sources that can assist in developing in-depth understanding about topic. This is the way
of finding relevant sources that can help in answering research problems and addressing
questions (Data Collection Instruments, 2014). There are two main methods of gathering data:
primary and secondary. Both these sources are helpful in gaining insight detail of topic and
identifying facts related to subject matter. Primary data collection sources are the methods in
which scholar gathers details by own. In this technique individual believes to find out real facts
about topic that can support in identifying real situation. This information are not being used by
any scholar earlier to this study thus, these are fresh details. On other hand secondary data
collection are another methods in which researcher emphasis on gathering already available
29

details. There are many books, journals, internet articles that support in developing in-depth
understanding of researcher about subject matter (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013).
In the present study on issues face by careers who care for their relatives researcher will
apply primary and secondary both data collection methods. In primary individual will use
interview technique and in secondary person will use books, journals, internet articles. Both
these techniques will support in addressing research questions and finding real facts about topic.
Primary data are original and it gives realistic view to researcher about subject matter.
Primary information are highly reliable and support researcher in answering research questions
in effective manner. But it is time-consuming method (Janghorban, Roudsari and Taghipour,
2014). There is high chance that respondents do not give accurate answers of problems. On other
hand secondary data are easy to use and they are faster to access. It saves time of researcher and
it gives frame of mind that directs individual in conducting research in systematic manner. But
there are some limitation of secondary data collection sources that such details can raise issue of
authenticity. They are very old and might be possible fail to understand current situation.
Sampling is technique of selecting right number of people from entire population those
who can give answers of research questions (Bjorner and et.al, 2014). In order to conduct this
study in appropriate manner scholar has selected random sampling method. It is simple tool and
selects participants without any bias. Investigator can apply findings of this method to entire
population. This supports inn gaining right information from participants. In order to conduct
this research scholar will select 15 parents as sample. They are suitable persons for this research,
they face such issues and can give in-depth detail about subject matter. By involving these
respondents into study scholar can be able to identify real facts about issues face by careers who
care for their relatives (Sahu, 2013).
Investigator will involve interview questions related to role of careers in family, what
kind of difficulties face by them, how care receivers react on their efforts, how they manage their
work etc. All these details will help scholar in gathering information about research topic and
individual will be able to analysis these details in effective manner. Individual will first send
them consent form, once answerer sign this form and send back to researcher then further
process will be started (Data Collection Instruments, 2014). Individual will arrange interview
session for all respondents. Individual will organize general session in which all parents can
30

participate, in this researcher will select people on random bases and will ask questions with
them.
Researcher has option to select observation method of data collection. Scholar can
observe real life of careers and can identify issues face by them. But in observation there is high
chances of missing some important facts, that can not happen in interview method because all
respondents share their feeling with investigator and individual analysis these facts in order to
address research questions (Sessler and Imrey, 2015). Accurate ad systematic gathering of details
are very essential in scientific researches. Questionnaires is one of the tool of data collection, it
consists of various questions. All respondents have to answer these questions so that researcher
can identify facts related to subject matter. Questionnaires needs to be prepared on the bases of
objective and it is essential to do pilot testing in this method. Interview is another kind of method
in which scholar conducts interview with respondents. Interview method supports in collecting
complete detail about subject. It helps in making effective control over order ad flow of
questions. Scholar has option to makes changes in interview schedule on the bases of initial
results. These are advantages of interview method (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013).
Bot it is time consuming process and there is chance of biased answers. But for the present study
selection of interview method is appropriate because by this way individual will be able to
identify issues face by careers and reasons of occurring these difficulties.
Technique to analysis data
Data analysis is most important part of research project, it helps in evaluating data and
finding accurate answers of research questions. There are various techniques to analysis
information but on the bases of nature of research scholar has to select appropriate method. In
quantitative type of studies individual take support of statistical analysis tool. SPSS is considered
as most effective techniques that helps in calculating statistical data in order to find out answers.
On other hand in qualitative type of projects researcher uses thematic or secondary analysis
tools. In thematic analysis individual has to prepare themes and have to present details by
making graphs and charts (Sahu, 2013). This enhances better understanding and represent data in
effective manner. Both these tools have their own significance. It is essential to select
appropriate tool so that overall study can give accurate answers.
In order to carry out research on issues faced by careers who care for their relatives face
scholar will take support of thematic analysis method. Individual will prepare themes on the
31

bases of research questions and objectives (Sessler and Imrey, 2015). Answers of participants
will be reflected through graphs and charts. This will help in showing clear results and
representing information in accurate manner. Ass present study is based on issues faced by
careers who care for their relatives, if individual takes support of SPSS then it might increase
complexity of topic thus, use of thematic analysis tool is suitable. By this way scholar will be
able to find out answers of research questions.
For analysing data scholar will adopt systematic process. Individual will first gather all
details related to issues of career through primary sources, once data has been gathered then
individual will process data in concise manner (Cross-Sectional Research Method: How Does It
Work, 2018).
Editing: This will be first phase in which researcher will edit all information and will check raw
data and its errors.
Coding: This would be next phase in which individual will give codes to each question and its
options. This will help respondents in answering questions (Bevan, 2014).
Classification: Once coding has been done then individual will classify details and will divide it
into homogeneous groups for analysis these details.
Tabulation: This would be next step in which researcher will prepare tables and will put data
into these tables. This will help in orderly arrange all information (Billingham, Whitehead and
Julious, 2013).
Data interpretation: When all data will be arrange in systematic manner then individual will
interpret this information and will try to find out meaningful answers of research questions.
Interpretation will help in understanding findings and drawing accurate conclusion.
Operational plan and resource requirement for research
Operational plan
Activities 1th
Week
2nd
Wee
k
3rd
Wee
k
4th
Wee
k
5th
Wee
k
6th
Wee
k
7th
Wee
k
8th
Wee
k
9th
Wee
k
10th
Week
Selection of
32

topic, framing
aim and
objectives
Reading
literature of
other authors
on same topic
Selection of
appropriate
research
methods
Completion of
research
proposal
Data
collection by
using
appropriate
method
Recording of
data
Data analysis
Discussion on
topic and
drawing
conclusion
Edition and
final
33

submission
Resource requirements
Resources plays significant role in research project, in the absence of adequate resources
individual will get failed to complete investigation within specified period of time. For the
present study on issues faced by careers' researcher will require several resources:
 Financial resources: Scholar will need funds so that activities can be performed
effectively. In the absence of adequate monitory resources this study would not be
completed easily (Sahu, 2013).
 Time resource: Individual will need sufficient time to finish this research because it is the
vast topic and individual will require time in gathering primary information and analysing
these details.
 Physical resources: Researcher will also require books, journals, internet, computer so
that investigator will gather in-depth details about topic. This will support in minimizing
complexity and developing understanding of scholar (Sessler and Imrey, 2015).
 Technical resources: Individual will need software, Excel so that recording and analysis
of data can be done properly.
Ethical principles of research
Ethics play significant role in research project, it helps scholar in conducting research in
systematic manner. It is considered as one of the essential aspect failure of implementing ethical
principles can impact on overall success of research project. It is responsibility of scholar that to
follow each ethical aspect carefully so that consequence can be minimized. Confidentiality is one
of the most important ethical principle (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013). It explains
that researcher is required to keep all details confidential. Individual has to protect details related
to subject matter. It concentrates on do good and do not harm to human being those who are
participating in this study. It is responsibility of investigator that to protect rights of respondents
and take care of their safety. Obtaining informed consent form is another most essential ethical
principle of research projects. Before conducting research scholar is required to inform
participants and have to take their permission (Cross-Sectional Research Method: How Does It
Work, 2018). Honesty plays significant role in researches. Scholar has to maintain honesty and
have to communicate information to all relevant person honestly without hiding anything. This
34

can help stakeholders in making their decision. Integrity, objectivity and carefulness are essential
ethical practices that need to be followed by researcher.
In order to carry out research in effective manner, researcher has taken care of every
ethical aspect. Individual will follow these principles in effective manner so that further
complexity can be minimized to great extent. In present study investigator will not copy any
material from any unauthorized site (Sessler and Imrey, 2015). Individual will only access such
links that have permission to access. Furthermore, individual will not copy any material from any
site. All the details will help in developing understanding of researcher about issues faced by
careers who care for their relatives face. Individual will translate these details in own words.
Thus, there would not be any issue of plagiarism. Furthermore, scholar will take prior permission
from respondents because they are the person those who will help in finding accurate answers
about issues of carers (Sahu, 2013). Thus, individual will send them consent form. When all
respondents have signed this form and have given their consent then individual will start asking
questions with them. They will not be forced to give answers of any question, if they are not
comfortable with any question then they will have right to skip particular questions.
Investigator will take action of sending consent form to all participants in order to
mitigate negative effects of research. Furthermore, individual will also take action to protect
data. Person will not share data of this project with any third person. Researcher will set
password of compute in which all details will be kept (Sessler and Imrey, 2015). This password
will not be shared with anyone. This will support in eliminating chances of leaking of data.
Furthermore, individual will not manipulate data, all details will be presented in accurate
manner.
Limitation of study
This is such as vast topic because huge data are available on issues faced by careers. One
of the main limitation of this research would be time. Individual is given limited time and in such
short duration it is very difficult to gather details and align these data properly so that accurate
answers can come out. Researcher will require more time so that scholar can concentrate on
more reliable information and can enhance accuracy of study. But this limitation is
uncontrollable because scholar will have to complete this investigation within specified period of
time (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013). Formulation of research aim and objective was
another limitation of this study. If scholar frame broad aims and objective then it might impact
35

on overall analysis of investigation. It is essential to emphasis on formulation of narrow and
specific objectives so that data can be gathered properly. Implementation of data collection
method would be another limitation. There are many sources through which scholar can gather
details. But selection of appropriate method is time taking task and if wrong method has been
used then it might impact on overall results. Data collection method can impact on reliability and
validity of research project. Thus, this is another limitation of the project and individual will
have to pay extra attention on these aspects (Bevan, 2014).
Sample size needs to be selected in proper manner so that research problem can be
addressed effectively. If correct sample size is not being selected then it might create
complication because by this way individual will not be able to answer research questions
properly. Inappropriate sampling method can impact on reliability of research project because by
this way individual may get failed to gather valid information (Sessler and Imrey, 2015).
Main section of research report
Research structure is process of describing various sections that will be covered under
this investigation. Structure of present study will be as discussed below:
 Introduction: This would be first part of research project. In this section individual will
give brief overview of topic that is issues faced by careers who care for their relatives.
Researcher will include background of study, rationale, significance of research in this
chapter (Sahu, 2013).
 Literature Review: This would be next section, in this part scholar will involve literatures
of other authors and will review their literatures. This will develop understanding of
scholar about topic and individual will be able to carry out investigation in effective
manner (Sessler and Imrey, 2015).
 Research methodology: This is next section in which researcher will select appropriate
methods that can help in conducting research in effective manner. Furthermore,
individual will give justification of selected method and will implement these tool in such
manner so that overall results can be find out. There will be discussion of philosophies,
designs, approaches, data collection, data analysis, sampling, sale size, ethical
consideration. Scholar will give detail about various methods and will finally justify
choice (Bevan, 2014).
36

 Data Analysis: Once data will be gathered then investigator will analysis these details by
taking support of appropriate method. Individual will prepare themes on the bases of
objectives and will analysis these themes by taking sup[port of thematic analysis method.
Individual will prepare graphs and charts. These graphs will be beneficial in presenting
data in effective manner. Furthermore, individual will interpret information in order to
find out accurate answers of research questions. In this section scholar will prepare
questionnaire and will collect responses of participants. On the bases of their answers
details will be evaluated (Billingham, Whitehead and Julious, 2013).
 Conclusion and recommendation: : This would be last section in which researcher will
conclude entire study. There will be answers of research questions with proper
justification. Furthermore, this section will include recommendation through which issues
of careers can be minimized and careers can provide quality care to their relatives.
37

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