Research Proposal: Childhood Obesity Causes, Strategies, and Benefits

This research proposal addresses the issue of childhood obesity within the context of the Royal Manchester Children's Hospital in the United Kingdom. It outlines the research aim, which is to identify the causes of childhood obesity, assess its consequences, and recommend effective strategies for intervention. The proposal emphasizes the importance of the research, highlighting its potential benefits for healthcare providers and the broader community. It includes a comprehensive literature review that examines various contributing factors such as genetics, dietary habits, lifestyle choices, and socioeconomic influences. The methodology section details the research philosophy, approach, strategy, and design, including the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods. The proposal aims to contribute valuable insights into the complexities of childhood obesity and offer practical solutions to mitigate its impact on public health.

Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL 0
EARLY CHILDHOOD STUDIES
FEBRUARY 14, 2019
STUDENT DETAILS:

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 1
Introduction, aims, purposes, and potential benefits-
Introduction
This research proposal states the issues related to childhood obesity faced by Royal
Manchester Children’s Hospital in the healthcare sector, United Kingdom. The research
proposal discusses the research aim, research question, and possible user of research,
potential benefit of research and importance of proposed research. In the addition of this, this
research proposal demonstrates the ethical consideration, research methodology, and
conclusion. The part of research methodology explains the decision of the methods, which
would be required to conduct the research task in the proper way.
Aim of research
The major aim of the research proposal is to find out causes of childhood obesity’s problem
in United Kingdom. This research proposal is aimed at strategies to solve this issue of
childhood obesity. The research aim are as follows,
1. To discover the causes of obesity
2. To assess consequences of childhood obesity
3. To recommend strategies or methods to avoid the situation of childhood obesity
Importance of the research proposal
The research proposal is very important to assure the readers of the value of an assignment
and the proficiency. It is required by the readers to be ensure that it is not other impractical
part of writing; however, the reflective effort of research, which would be extremely
significant for learning. The research proposal provides the outline for the method to conduct
the investigation to provide the answer of the research questions.

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 2
Background of research
The research’s topic is to analyse problem of childhood obesity. In United Kingdom, the
childhood obesity is greatly predominant and has become the universal epidemic. The main
problem to arise in overweighed child are generally mental and emotional.In this way, it is
crucial for the doctors in the hospitals to improve the health and diet of children because it
can be effective for reducing the weight of children. This would also be helpful to attain the
reasonable benefits in long run. For this research, social policies and practices play the key
role in improving the physical health of the children.
Potential benefits of the research in relation to childhood obesity
The childhood obesity is handled with changes in diet and physical activities. The dieting and
missing meals must however, be dejected. The major potential benefit of this research that
hospital can play significant role in decreasing childhood obesity rate in United Kingdom.
The advantages of chasing Body Mass Index and rendering the treatment and advice round
the weight is minimal.
Possible user(s) or beneficiaries of this research
The readers are possible users or beneficiaries of the research. They will be able to know the
causes and consequences of the childhood obesity. The readers will be able to know about the
effective methods or strategies to reduce the childhood obesity.
Specific research questions
The following questions are required to be researched -
1. What are causes of childhood obesity?
2. What are consequences of childhood obesity?
3. What are methods or strategies to avoid the situation of childhood obesity?

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 3
Literature review
Introduction of the child obesity
Obesity is major health issue in the children. The issue of child obesity is developing in the
undeveloped nations and developed nations. When the weight range for person is more than
the ideal weight (the weight, which is healthy for specific height), then this is considered as
obese and overweight (Guerrero, et. al, 2016). The childhood obesity is described as the
unnecessary and irregular fact accretion, which can weaken the health. The childhood obesity
is increasing day by day in United Kingdom. The childhood obesity refers as the Body Mass
Index at or more than ninety-five per cent for child of similar sex and similar age. The
childhood obesity classification is depended on the children’s body structure (Bass and Eneli,
2015).
The healthy weight course is where changes in weight and height equivalently together as
child grow. In the case where the children or grown-up person stores too much fat they may
be categorised as obese or weighty (Roy, et. al, 2016). The symbol of childhood obesity is the
weight well above the average for the height and age of children. The child at the risk of
turning into obese or weighty involve the following -
1. The children, who take the food of high-level sugar and that, contain the fat on daily
basis like the junk foods, chips, fried food, bakery products, and beverages containing
high sugar.
2. The children, who do not exercise on the regular basis
3. The children, who spend most of time in playing videogame and in watching the
television and do not allow themselves to burn the calories.
4. The children, who reside in the atmosphere where healthy foods and exercise are not
motivated
5. The children, who eat for reducing the anxiety and trauma

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 4
6. The children, who belong from the family, in which genetics can be reason of
overweight
7. The children, who have no knowledge in respect of the good approach to nutrition
8. The children, who belong from the low-earning families or BPL families, who have
not sufficient resources and sufficient time to promote healthy eating
9. The children, who have deficiency of affordability and availability to healthy eating
10. The children, who have heredity problem
Causes of childhood obesity
There are various causes of the childhood obesity such as background of the family, family’s
status, factors related to mental problem and daily routine. The children whose father,
mother, or members of the family are obese are more likely to adopt the suit. However, the
major reason of the childhood obesity is the amalgamation of eating very much and doing the
exercise so little. Genetic problem is big cause of childhood obesity. However, the genetic
vulnerability even so often requires to be coupled with making contribution of behavioural
element to influence the weightiness. The genetics have great role in the enhancement of
heaviness, this is not the cause of affected enhance in childhood obesity (Kuhle, Tong and
Woolcott, 2015). Further, Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) has been reviewed as the probable
reason of the childhood obesity. BMR is responsible for sixty per cent of entire energy
expenses in the sedentary grown-up. However, the BMR differences are not liable for the
increasing rate of childhood obesity. Furthermore, the dietary factors such as junk foods,
beverages, and sugary foods are the great cause of the childhood obesity (Rankin, et. al,
2016).
Moreover, in present time, children spend more time in playing the videogame and watching
the television. It changes the lifestyle of the children. The chances to be bodily active and
secure atmosphere to be active in have reduced in the present time. The social-cultural

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 5
elements have found to affect the expansion of obesity (Schmidt, et. al, 2016). The family
factors may also increase the obesity in children. Some families have low earning. Because of
low income, it is not possible to provide healthy diet to their children. Besides this, having
weighty mother and residing in the single parent home are linked with the obesity in
childhood (Simmonds, et. al, 2016).
Strategies to solve the problem of childhood obesity
The increasing problem of the childhood obesity may be slowed, if the people make focus on
causes of obesity. There are various elements, which play their role in the childhood obesity,
some factors are more critical in comparison of the other factors. Moreover, if family
members create the healthy routine at the home, various obesity issues can be ignored
(Baidal, et. al, 2016). Further, what children learn at home in respect of the eating healthy,
exercising and making the right nutritional preferences would finally fall over into other
factors of life. It would have great impact on preferences children create while choosing
nutriments to eat at learning centre and restaurant and preferring to be healthy. It is required
to make cost effective prevention programs and theories to review the weakness and strength.
Making focus on the causes can, over the period, reduce the obesity in children and lead to
the healthy societies (Katzmarzyk, et. al, 2018).

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 6
Research Methodology
Introduction
The introduction chapter of the report may support to choose the proper technologies to
conduct the research study in the proper way (Mendes and Santos, 2018). The research
methodology involves certain important elements such as research design, research
philosophies, data collection method and research approaches that helps in attaining the
correct data regarding the problem of research.
Research Philosophy
The research philosophy has important role to create the balanced reasoning for gathering,
evaluating, and operating data in research study. The main target of the philosophy is to apply
the concepts and opinions in respect of the issues of research in conducting the research
study. Besides, the concepts and opinions of the researcher become the foundation for
research methods. There are two types of factors of research philosophy like positivism
philosophy and interpretivism philosophy. For the research study, the research has performed
both interpretivism philosophy and positivism philosophy. The interpretivism philosophy is
used for enhancing the research’s quality. The main cause of the research philosophy is that is
connected with condition of perfectionism that helps to get accurate and dependable
information. The positivists are most likely to use quantitative study using statistical
approaches (McCrindle, 2015).
Research Approach
In research methodology, the research approach is very critical. For the reason that
illustrating the causes to select the particular research method. The research approach
contains 2 components named inductive research approach and deductive research approach.
The inductive research approach is used to totally assess collected information and supports

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 7
to establish the theoretical knowledge in respect of the issues related to research. Conversely,
the deductive approach is very useful to set theoretical inauguration. Besides this, the
deductive approach is used to prove the assumption in research study. On behalf of the
theoretical strategy, the researcher is able to reject and accept complete research procedure in
respect of the subject of research. For conducting the research, the researcher would use the
inductive approach as well as deductive approach (Wang, et. al, 2015).
For conducting research, there is no requirement of the theories; hence, researchers would
perform the inductive method in comparison of the deductive approach. In the addition of
this, the research would apply the inductive approach to pool the real data in respect of the
issues faced by the hospitals healthcare sector in United Kingdom (Bider‐Canfield, et. al,
2017). This research approach is very important to decide the various opinions and values to
properly conclude the finding. In the contradiction this, the researcher would not apply the
deductive approach due to improper information of the research study. In the research report,
the inductive approach has been applied to collect the information regarding the problems of
the research. At the similar period, the issue of research is subjective in the scope. With the
help of this approach, the researcher was capable to gather the ideas and the opinions of the
participants in respect of the issues related to research (Sahoo, et. al, 2015).
Research Strategy
The research strategy may also be proper to complete research study in particular period and
effective cost. The researchers have indirect literature reviews and survey by the
questionnaires to achieve purposes or targets of research. By survey strategy, the researcher
would be able to collect the information to take participation in respect of problem of
childhood obesity. From the part of literature review, the researcher has executed book,
magazine, online sources and offline sources because of developing the knowledge regarding

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 8
the issue of childhood obesity. The resources may assist the researcher to increase the
rationality and dependability of the outcomes of the research (Braun, 2017).
Research design
For research study, the researcher has uses both methods like qualitative research design and
quantitative research design. The qualitative research is also considered as investigative
research. It is implied to make the theoretic information in respect of the research problem.
On the other hand, the quantitative research design is useful for the researcher to represent the
arithmetic information by the arithmetic measurement (Mueller, et. al, 2016).
Data Collection Method
The data collection method may be helpful to gather information regarding the problem or
issue of research. The data collection method includes the primary data and secondary data.
The researcher uses the primary data collection method to collect new data by the
experimentation, survey by the questionnaires, and observation. On the other hand, the
secondary data is taken by the present data by utilizing various resources like the book,
official publication, online sources and journal article. In conducting the research study, the
both data collection method like primary and secondary data collection method are used by
researcher to get the consistent and proper outcomes (Gurnani, Birken and Hamilton, 2015).
Ethical consideration
For this research study, the ethical consideration consists to make the research procedure in
the proper way together with adopting the guiding principles and course of actions of the
University. Because of ignoring the ethical issues, the researcher would perform the ethical
manner to complete the research along with to solve the issues of research. For the research
study, a researcher would focus on the certain factors like the abolition of piracy,
manipulation of information or data, and correct referencing. Additionally, this cab also be

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 9
said that the researcher would keep the private information of the respondent who takes
participation in conducting the research (Nishtar, Gluckman, and Armstrong, 2016).
Further, in conducting this research, the informed consent is the permission of doctors and
management of the Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital. For conducting this research in
respect of the child obesity, the informed consent will be obtained from the written
documents from the doctors of the hospital. The research on the child can be made after the
approval from the management or doctors of the Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital
(Blake-Lamb, et. al, 2016).
Furthermore, it is required by the researcher to understand the term confidentiality and
anonymity. The anonymity and confidentiality of participant is central to practices of ethical
research. The primary method researcher use to preserve confidentiality and anonymity is the
use of fictitious name for the participant and in respect of research place. The
confidentiality refers to the condition, where the researcher has the knowledge of the
recognition of the subject of research, however takes actions to secure that identity from
being explored by other people. The anonymity is the situation, where the uniqueness of a
single subject is not recognised by the researcher. As most human subject research need
contracted documentation of approval, subject anonymity is not as general in human subject
research.
In these situations, keeping confidentiality is the crucial measure to make sure the security of
own data (Brown, et. al, 2015). In this way, where possible, the researcher targets to reassure
participant that the efforts would be made to make sure that the information they render
cannot be copied back to them in report, presentation, and other form of broadcasting. As per
the ethical consideration, to maintain the confidentiality, it is required to keep the data and
information of patients private. The researcher will not leak the personal data of patients. The

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 10
confidentiality will be assured by signing the documents to keep data private. The possible
risks are leakage of personal information or data of children. In this way, with the help of this
research, the readers will be able to know the causes, consequences and strategies to prevent
the childhood obesity (Chen, et. al, 2016).
Conclusion
As per the above analysis, it can be concluded that the childhood obesity is biggest concern to
be resolved. This problem is rising day by day in United Kingdom. The causes of childhood
obesity include the busy lifestyle, simple access to inexpensive fast food, huge food portion,
and consuming the sugary foods by children. The prevention is key to achievement for
control the obesity as many, however not all, over weighted kids would ultimately become
the over weighted adults. It can be recommended that there are various strategies and
approaches to end the problem of childhood obesity. The prevention programs should be
conducted. The prevention programs should address the healthy practices such as plant based
fruits and green vegetables. The healthy habits begin at household. The best manner to stop
and end the childhood obesity. Creating the best food preferences and becoming active would
give benefit to everybody, unrelatedly weight. It is required to cook healthy at home for the
kids. The parents should give more fruits and vegetables to their children at the time of
dinner. The children should do exercise at their home. The parents should invite their children
to join the yoga session, gym and fitness classes (Llewellyn, et. al, 2016). The parent should
tell the bad results of watching more TV and playing the video game. The parents should turn
off the TV, laptop, computer and video game of their children. The children should select to
get off the buses one stop early that normal and walk the rest of path.

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 11
Furthermore, it is also be concluded that researcher would apply the interpretivism
philosophy and positivism philosophy to get the proper results. In the addition of this, the
researcher would apply the mixed data collection method like primary data collection method
and secondary data collection method because research study is depended on the independent
nature. The Primary data collection would be gathered by the new data or the primary data.
This would involve the various resources such as observations, questionnaires, conversations,
focus groups, and survey data collection method. On the other hand, the secondary data
collection method is based on the present data that could be gathered by case study, offline
resources, books, journal, and corporation website to gather the data in respect of the problem
off research. At last, this could be stated that the researcher would utilise the statistical
analysis devices because of the accomplishing the research objects in the proper way.